BOAT MAINTENANCE

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Chapter 2

• BOAT MAINTENANCE

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HAULING OUT

• PROPER BLOCKING

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BOAT LAYUP TASKS

• CLEAN BOTTOM
• DRAIN ALL TANKS BILGE
• FILL FUEL TANKS - TREAT
• CHANGE ENGINE OIL

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• REMOVE BATTERY PERISHABLES
• CLEAN HEAD HOLDING TANK
• REMOVE CLOTHES, BEDDING, PFDS, ETC
• WASH WITH FRESH WATER
• VENTILATE BOAT

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• BOTTOM PAINT
• CHEMICALLY SLOW DOWN - PREVENT VEGETABLE GROWTH
  AND MARINE ANIMAL LIFE
• MATCH PAINT TO BOAT MATERIALS
• ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

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Ted Potter DCAPT/SHR
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BOTTOM

• The PROBLEM BOTTOMS BECOME FOULED BY MARINE
  GROWTH.
• TWO FORMS OF MARINE LIFE
• VEGETABLE GRASSES, WEEDS, ALGAE FUNGI
  Congregate around waterline but may cover entire
  bottom.
• ANIMAL WORMS, BORERS, SHELL FISH, BARNACLES.

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EFFECTS OF BOTTOM FOULING

1. SLOWS HULL SPEEDS
2. INCREASES FUEL CONSUMPTION
3. INTERFERS WITH MANEUVERABILITY
4. REDUCES OVERALL EFFICIENCY OF THE VESSEL

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EFFECTS OF BOTTOM FOULING

1. ACCUMULATIONS OF BARNACLES OR OYSTERS MAY MANDATE
   GRINDING DOWN OF THE HULL.
2. VERY EXPENSIVE, EVEN IF POSSIBLE.
3. ACCUMULATIONS OF ONLY A FEW WORMS IN A WOOD HULL
   CAN BE DEVASTATING.
4. ALL OTHER HULL MATERIALS ARE IMPERVIOUS TO BORERS
   / WORMS.

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MODERN DAY BOTTOM PAINTS
TWO IMPORTANT ELEMENTS COPPER MERCURY Very
effective in preventing fouling by maintaining
antiseptic film over the boat bottom
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Disadvantages Of Bottom Paint

1. GALVANIC ACTION (ELECTRONIC CORROSION) CAUSED
   BY METALLIC PAINT SALTS MERCURY / COPPER.
2. AFFECTS ALL ELECTRONICS AND THEIR PERFORMANCE.
3. DESTROYS METALLIC OBJECTS SUCH AS PROPELLERS,
   SHAFTS, RUDDER BLADES, STRUTS, ETC.

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Disadvantages Of Bottom Paints
4. ZINCS (NEVER PAINTED)must be properly attached
to each component part to combat GALVANIC
ACTION. 5. GREAT CARE MUST BE TAKEN TO PROPERLY
MATCH THE PAINT TO YOUR BOATS NEEDS. 6. PAINT
MANUFACTURERS HAVE DEVELOPED REASONABLE SOLUTIONS.
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DRY ROT

1. WOOD Anywhereand WOODEN BOATS in particular.
2. Comes and goes, almost at random.
3. GREAT MISNOMER Dry Rot ONLY occurs in the
   presence of FRESH WATER MOISTURE
4. CAUSE A FUNGUS
5. Salt water seems to discourage the fungus but
   will NOT cure it.

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DRY ROT - DETECTION

• Distinctively BAD ODOR. Once detected, never
  forgotten.
• Look in dark places in the bilge along the
  garboard strake floor boards all frames
  any-where two pieces of wood touch each other.
• VISIBLE EVIDENCE Spongy spots in the wood
  whitish powder, weaknesses in wood surface.

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DRY ROT - REMOVAL

1. PROBE with knife or pick to discover it.
2. REMOVE ALL OF IT, IMMEDIATELY! The fungus spreads
   like wildfire.
3. CUT IT OUT with a knife including some of the
   good wood, just to make certain you get it all.
4. Treating it is NOT enough.

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DRY ROT - PROTECTION

1. There are some reliable treatments on the market
   and more are appearing.
2. BEST PROTECTION Keep fresh water, including
   condensation, OUT OF YOUR BOAT!
3. Keep the boat WELL VENTILATED and DRY!

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GALVANIC ACTION

1. AN ELECTRO-CHEMICAL PROCESS whereby an ELECTRICAL
   CURRENT is generated when TWO DISSIMILAR METALS
   are connected IN ANY WAY.

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GALVANIC ACTION

1. PRIME CAUSE OF METALLIC DESTRUCTION IN BOATS.
2. SALT WATER BIGGEST OFFENDER
3. ONE METAL ALWAYS SACRIFICED

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GALVANIC ACTION

• TWO METAL CLASSIFICATIONS
• CURRENT FLOWS FROM THE LEAST NOBLE TO THE MOST
  NOBLE METAL.
• MOST NOBLE CURRENT FLOWS into.
• LEAST NOBLE CURRENT FLOWS out of.
• Current OUT OF destroys the (LEAST NOBLE) metal.

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GALVANIC ACTION
MOST NOBLE ( Least susceptible and least
sacrificed) Mercury, Monel, Nickel, Silicon
Bronze LEAST NOBLE ( MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO
DESTRUCTION) BRASS, ALUMINUM, ANYTHING
GALVANIZED, ZINC and MAGNESIUM.
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GALVANIC ACTION

1. Remember It takes two to tango! There are ALWAYS
   more than two dissimilar metals on any boat!
2. The PROBLEM is ALWAYS there, unless taken care
   of!

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GALVANIC ACTION
Any time you have two different metals that are
physically or electrically connected and immersed
in seawater, they become a battery. Current
flows between the two metals. The electrons that
make up that current are supplied by one of the
metals giving up bits of itself-in the form of
metal ions-to the seawater. This is called
galvanic corrosion and, left unchecked, it
quickly destroys underwater metals. The most
common casualty of galvanic corrosion is a bronze
or aluminum propeller on a stainless steel shaft,
but metal struts, rudders, rudder fittings,
outboards, and stern drives are also at risk.
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COUNTERACTING GALVANICS

• Add a SACRIFICIAL metal.
• THE COMMON ZINC Comes in all sizes, shapes.
  READILY AVAILABLE. INEXPENSIVE.
• FREQUENT INSPECTION for signs of destruction
  greyish color, pitted, pieces broken off.
• REPLACE IMMEDIATELY with new zincs.
• BRIGHT zincs are those NOT RESPONDING NOT
  PROTECTING THE NOBLE METAL!

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GALVANIC ACTION
NOTE NEVER---NEVER---NEVER LET ANYONE PAINT
YOUR ZINCS. Paint provides an insulating surface
that prevents the zinc from doing its job. In
the meantime, your shafts, rudder plates and
posts, etc. continue to be eaten away.
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THE SHAFT TRAIN
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Ted Potter DCAPT/SHR
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THE SHAFT TRAIN

• The SHAFT TRAIN inside the boat translates the
  POWER of the engine to the propeller outside of
  the boat.
• The shaft (power) train, except V- and Hydraulic
  drives consists of
• a). Shaft Log b). Shaft c) Strut
• d.) Strut bearing e.) Propeller.

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THE SHAFT TRAIN

1. PROPELLER Varying sizes of PITCH, DIAMETER,
   CIRCUMFERENCE, LEFT or RIGHT ROTATION, SHAFT-HOLE
   SIZE, NUMBER OF BLADES and TYPE of METALS.
2. PITCH Distance propeller will move ahead in ONE
   revolution.
3. LOCK NUT Holds the propeller on the shaft.
   Probably the MOST important piece of the entire
   TRAIN.

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TYPICAL STUFFING BOX
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 1

• The condition of dry rot is usually_______
• a. very slow to spread.
• b. eliminated by soaking affected areas with
• turpentine and then coating with spar
• varnish.
• c. first indicated by a distinctive odor.
• d. produced by an excessively dry
• environment.

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REVIEW QUESTIONS

• The condition of dry rot is usually_______
• c. first indicated by a distinctive
• odor.

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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 2
2. Galvanic action_____________________ a. is
caused by two dissimilar metals being
electrically connected and immersed, either
totally or partially, in sea water b. effects
ferrous materials only c. is of most concern
when there are stray electrical currents in the
area. d. is always located where the shaft is
attached to the inboard engine.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
2. Galvanic action is_________________ a. is
caused by two dissimilar metals in salt
water, electrically connected.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 3
3. The strut bearing____________________ a.
relies on water for lubrication. b. is stuffed
with oakum and grease. c. is located inside the
hull. d, is located where the shaft is attached
to the engine .
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
3. The strut bearing _________________ a. relies
on water for lubrication
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 4
4. The most effective way to combat dry rot
when it is found is to ______ a. soak the
affected area with turpentine then coat
with spar varnish. b. dig out the soft spots
with a knife and paint the entire area c.
cut out the affected wood plus some good
wood. d. keep affected areas dampened with fresh
water.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
4. The most effective way to treat dry rot when
it is found is to_______________ c. cut out the
affected wood plus some good wood.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 5
5. A good method to combat galvanic action is to
________ a. use the same metal throughout the
boat. b. electrically connect dissimilar metals
immersed in sea water. c. eliminate all
stray electrical currents d. add a sacrificial
metal.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
5. A good method to combat galvanic action is to
_________________ d. Add a sacrificial metal
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 6
6. What is used to keep the propeller on the
shaft? a. locking ring b. a lock nut c. a
slot d. a collar
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
6. What is used to keep the propeller on the
shaft? b. a lock nut
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. The two types of marine growth are__ a.
barnacles and moss b. oysters and grass c.
worms and oysters d. vegetable and animal
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
7. The two types of marine growth are___ d.
vegetable and animal
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO.8
8. The primary effect of marine growth on the
hull is ________________ a. to slow its
speed b. little or none c, not well known d.
negligible
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
8. The primary effect of marine growth on the
hull is________________ a. slow its speed
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 9
9. The proper way to store a boat is to__ a.
always let the weight rest on the
shoring. b. never let the weight rest on the
shoring c. never shore the boat d.
never cover the boat
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
9. The proper way to store a boat is to___ b.
never let the weight rest on the shoring.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS NO. 10
10. In galvanic action, the current flows from
the _____ to the ____metal. a. less noble/more
noble b. more noble/less noble c.
negative/positive d. positive/negative
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
10. In galvanic action the current flows from the
____to the ____metal. a. less noble/more noble