Animal Behavior

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Animal Behavior
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• Behavior
• An animals response to a stimulus.
• Innate behaviors are instinctive, like birds
  defending their nesting place, and are influenced
  by genes.
• Learned behaviors are changed by various
  experiences, such as training a family pet to
  come when its name is called.
• Social behaviors are interactions between members
  of the same species and include mating and caring
  for offspring.
• In territorial behaviors, organisms defend an
  area and keep out other organisms.

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• Behavior anything an organism does in response
  to a stimulus in its environment.
• Behaviors develop through interactions between
  genes and environmental inputs.

Behavior is ADAPTIVE adapting allows animals to
survive!!!
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Types of behaviors

• Innate Behavior
• includes both automatic responses and instinctive
  behaviors
• Learned Behavior
• a result of previous experiences

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Innate Behavior

• Reflexes
• automatic responses that require no thinking at
  all.

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Innate Behavior

• Instincts
• Aggression
• To fend off predators and competitors
• To protect young and to protect food sources
• Submission
• Shown by the weaker animal
• Courtship
• Finding a mate.
• Territoriality
• Animals that have territories
  will defend their space

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Innate Behavior

• Instincts
• 5. behavioral cycles

• circadian rhythm occur in daily patterns
• External cues.
• Important in determining the sleeping and feeding
  patterns of all animals.

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Innate Behavior
Behavioral cycles

• b) Migration periodic movement from one place
  to another
• - Geographical clues
• - Earths magnetic field.
• - Can be triggered by hormones

Monarch Migration
Salmon Migration
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Innate Behavior
Behavioral cycles

• c) Hibernation dormancy during winter
• Reduce their need for energy
• Can be caused by temperature change and day
  length change

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Innate Behavior
Behavioral cycles
also known as "summer sleep"

• d) Estivation dormancy during summer.
• -takes place during times of heat and dryness

Snails in S. Australia
Desert Tortoise
Nile Crocodile
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Learned Behavior

• These behaviors are acquired or learned over
  time.
• Organisms can alter their behaviors as a result
  of experience.
• Allows animals to adapt.

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Learned Behavior

• Habituation organism decreases or stops its
  response to a repetitive stimulus that neither
  rewards nor harms the animal

By ignoring the stimulus, animals can spend their
time energy more efficiently.
Deer have learned to come into yards to feed with
no fear of people or barking dogs.
When prairie dog towns are located near trails
used by humans, giving alarm calls every time a
person walks by is a waste of time and energy for
the group.
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Behaviors that involve both innate and learned
behaviors - -

• Imprinting
• animal returns to the place of its birth to lay
  its eggs
• animal imprints on its mother

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Imprinting

• An animal imprints on its mother

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Adaptations for Defense

• Mechanical defense is incorporated into the
  physical structure of the organism.
• claws, sharp tusks, stingers, shells, ink, size

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Mechanical defensecamouflage.
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• Chemical defense occurs when the animal produces
  stinging sensations, paralysis, neurotoxins,
  poisoning, or just a bad taste.

Monarch on Milkweed
Blue Arrow frogs
Lion Fish
Bombardier beetles
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• Behavior
• An animals response to a stimulus.
• Innate behaviors are instinctive, like birds
  defending their nesting place, and are influenced
  by genes.
• territorial behaviors, organisms defend an area
  and keep out other organisms.
• Learned behaviors are changed by various
  experiences, such as training a family pet to
  come when its name is called.

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