????????? - Math War in the United States -

1
?????????- Math War in the United States -

• ?? ??
• ?????

2
?????? New Math

• 1960???1970????????????????????
• ?????sets(??)?????
• ???????????????????????tool
• ????????????
• ??????????????????????????????

3
New Math ????

• ????????????????????
• ???????????????
• 1989NCTM?Standards(PSSM)
• NCTMNational Council of Teachers of Mathematics
• PSSMPrinciples and Standards for School
  Mathematics
• ????????????????????????????????????

4
NCTM?????

• ??????2??
• 1.???
• a)???????????????????
• b)???????????????????????????????
• 2.???
• ????????????????????????????(?????p????????)

5
???????????

• ?????????NCTM??????Standards????????
• 1.??????
• ???????????10?,?????,?????????
  ?1?9????(??????)
• 2.??????
• ????????????????11?,???

6
NCTM???????

• ???????????
• ????????????????????????????????
• ???????????????(???????????????????????????????)

7
NCTM??????? ??2

• California Standards NCTM??? (1992)
• California ? New York ???????
• ?????????????????????????????????????
• ????????4???????????8???????????
• ?????????????????
• ????????????????????????

8
???????????????

• 1)???????
• a) ??????????????????
• b) ???????????????????
• c) ????????
• d) ?????(????)???
• e) ??????????????????
• f) ???????????(????????????)
• g) ????????????????????

9
???????????????

• 2.????????????????
• a) ????????????
• b) ??????????????????????? ??????????????
• c) ???????????????????????
• d) ??????????????

10
??????????

• 1.?????????????????????????????????
• 2.???????????(Reading)???????????
• 3. ???(county)???(school district)
  ???????????????????????????
• Mathematically Correct???

11
NCTM???????????

• 1.Epistemology(???????)??????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????????????????

12
??????????????

• 2.?????????????
• 2 2 4 ?????????
• 2 2 5 ??????????
• ????????(?)????????(Barnes, Bloor Henry
  Scientific Knowledge A Sociological Analysis
  1996)
• ????????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????
• ????????????????????????????????????

13
??????????

• ????????????
• ???????????????????
• ?????????????
• ???????????
• (?????)??????????????????????
• ????????????
• ????????????

14
?????????? ??2

• ??????????(?????)
• ???????????????????(????Cooperative Learning)
• ???facilitator????????????
• ???????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????? ?????????????????

15
??????????

• ??????????????????
• ??2????4????????
• ?????(Higher-order Thinking)??????????????????????
  ??????????
• ???????????????????
• ??????????????????

16
California????

• 1996 ????????????
• 1997 ???(????)Standards???
• ?????????????
• ?????????????
• ????????????????????????????????

17
??????????

• California??????????????????????????????????
• ???(????????)????????(????)?????????????????
• ???????????????????????????????????????????

18
Math War ???

• Math War ????? Culture Wars ???
• 60?????Postmodernism????
• ????????????
• ???????????????????
• ?????????????SSK(Sociology of Scientific
  Knowledge)
• ?????????????????????

19
????????

• Postmodernism???
• ?????
• ?????
• ??????????(Enlightenment)? ??????????????????????
  ???
• ????????????????
• ???????????????

20
?????(Pomo???)

• ????
• ?????????????????? ???????????(???)??????
• ?????????(Deconstruction)?????
• ???????????????

21
????? ??2

• ???????(Eurocentric)
• ?????????????
• ???Judaeo-Christian????????
• ???????????????????????????Eurocentric????????????
  ?????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????

22
??????????

• ??????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???????
• ????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ??
• (???????)?????????????????(Affirmative Action)

23
?????????

• ???????
• ?????Walsh????????????????????????????(The
  introduction to Philosophy of History)
• ?????????????????????????????
• ???????????????????
• ?????????????????

24
???????????- ????? -

• Thomas KuhnThe Structure of Scientific
  Revolution 1962
• ??????????????????????????????????????
• ???pomo???????
• ?????????????(???????)
• ?????????????????????
• ????????????????????

25
??????????

• ?????????????????
• ?????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????
• ?????????????????????????????????
• ??????????????????????