PERSIAN GULF WAR

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PERSIAN GULF WAR
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WHEN?

• Began January 1991
• Ended March 1991

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WHO?

• Iraq versus 30 other nations of the world
• What term refers to groups working together
  toward a common goal when they usually do not
  work together on a regular basis?

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• COALITION
• Remember this term also refers to the Israeli
  government. Why?

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WHERE?

• Kuwait and Iraq
• WHY?
• Saddam Hussein invades Kuwait in August 1990
  accusing Kuwait of taking Iraqi oil

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WHAT?

• U.N. demanded withdraw of Iraq
• Cut off trade with Iraq through U.N. sanctions
• U.S. and other coalition countries built up
  forces in Saudi Arabia
• U.N. sets withdraw date
• Iraq rejects-U.S. begins air war
• Iraq defeated in less than 2 months

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EFFECTS?

• Improve U.S. relations (some)
• with Arab world
• Stage is set for continued U.S. involvement in
  Iraq
• U.S. flies No Fly Zone for over a decade to
  protect Kurds and neighbor nations

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AFGHAN WAR/OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM
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WHEN?

• October 2001-December 2014
• WHERE?
• Afghanistan

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WHO?

• Osama Bin Laden (Al-Qaeda) and Taliban
• U.S. and British troops (mostly)
• WHY?
• Response to
• Sept. 11, 2001 attacks
• on World Trade Center
• and Pentagon
• Nearly 3,000 killed

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WHAT?

• Investigations named Bin Laden responsible
• Mission find him and oust the Taliban from power
  who had made Afghanistan a hot bed for terrorist
  training camps
• Massive air bombing
• Major war against insurgents
• Beginning of baby Islamic Republic

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EFFECTS?

• 3 million refugees were able to return home after
  years of war prior to U.S. invasion
• Further democracy in the world
• To this date eliminated large target terrorist
  attacks on U.S. soil
• Afghanistan
• still deals with
• a country tormented
• by war

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• Greater freedoms for women

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OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM
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When?

• March 2003- present
• 2010 combat missions ended
• Where?
• Iraq

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Who?

• U.S., British, Australian (mostly)
• Saddam Hussein and his regime
• Why?
• Believed connections between Saddam Hussein and
  Al-Qaeda
• Fear of development of weapons of mass destruction

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What?

• U.N. sent to inspect for WMDs-Hussein refused to
  cooperate
• 2002 U.S. Congress passed Iraq War Resolution to
  authorize war
• March 2003 U.S. starts Shock and Awe bombing of
  Iraqi capital of Baghdad
• Iraq forces defeated, many surrendered

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• Hussein captured, convicted, and sentenced to
  death in 2006 for killing 148 people in Village
  of Dujail

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Effects?

• Increased U.S. presence in Southwest Asia
• Spread of democracy in Southwest Asia
• A more stable S.W.A. makes the world more stable