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Alfred the Great Unified

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Title: PowerPoint Presentation Author: S. J. C. Last modified by: Chris Stahler Created Date: 3/13/2006 1:15:35 PM Document presentation format: On-screen Show (4:3) – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Alfred the Great Unified


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Alfred the Great Unified The Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy
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England
  • King Alfred the Great united the various kingdoms
    of England that had been ruled by Anglo-Saxon
    kings
  • Angles, Saxons, Germanic people were united

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Norman Conquest
  • 10/4/1066, William of Normandy defeated King
    Harold of England at the battle of Hastings
  • William was then crowned King of England
  • Norman knights received land as a fief and swore
    allegiance to the king
  • Marriage of French Anglo-Saxons led to a new
    English culture
  • Normans adopted Anglo-Saxon institutions office
    of sheriff, census called Domesday Book
  • William further developed taxation royal courts

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William I, the Conqueror Brought Norman Feudalism
To England
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Henry II
  • Henry II enlarged English monarchy
  • Expanded the power of the royal courts kings
    power/increased of criminal cases tried on the
    kings court
  • Common law replaced law codes across the kingdom
  • Tried to control Church but failed
  • Thomas Beckett, archbishop of Canterbury said
    only Roman Catholic Church could try clergy
  • Four knights murdered Beckett, Henry was outraged
    backed down

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Magna Carta
  • English nobles resented the growth of the kings
    power/ rebellion was raised against King John
  • 1215, King John was forced to put his seal on the
    Magna Carta
  • Magna Carta feudal document, written
    recognition that the power of the king was
    limited
  • 13th century, under Edward I English parliament
    emerged
  • Parliament 2 knights from every county, 2
    people from every town, and all the bishops
    nobles throughout England

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John Was Forced To Sign the Magna Carta in 1215
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English Parliament
  • Eventually 2 houses were formed
  • Nobles church lords formed House of the Lords
  • Knights townspeoples House of Commons
  • Parliaments granted taxes passed laws

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Edward I Called a Parliament Of Lords and Commons
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French Kingdom
  • Kingdom of France was 1/3 of the former
    Carolingian empire
  • Hugh Capet was chosen to be king by west Frankish
    nobles establishing the Capetian dynasty
  • Capetians had little power only controlled the
    land around Paris/ Dukes had more power than
    kings
  • Phillip II of Augustus was the turning point in
    the French monarchy
  • Phillip waged war against England gained
    control of the Normandy, Maine, Anjou, Aquitaine

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French Kingdom
  • Phillip II successors continued to add land to
    the Kingdom
  • 13th century, Louis IX ruled/ deeply religious
    man who later made a saint by the Catholic
    church/Known for his attempts bring justice to
    his people
  • Phillip IV, Phillip the Fair, effective in
    strengthening the French monarchy expanding the
    royal bureaucracy
  • Phillip IV started a French parliament/Estates
    General

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Louis IX
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Philip IV Called the Estates- General to Raise
Taxes
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Holy Roman Empire
  • German kings attempted to rule both German
    Italian lands but struggled to do so
  • Fredericks attempt to conquer northern Italy
    caused problems
  • Pope opposed him fearing that he wanted to
    include Rome the papal states
  • Northern Italian cities did not want to be his
    subjects
  • Alliance of Italian cities pope defeated
    Frederick I in 1176
  • Frederick II also waged a war against the pope
    northern cities lost

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Otto I
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East Central Europe
  • Slavic people divided into 3 groups western,
    eastern, southern Slavs
  • Western Slavs formed the Polish Bohemian
    kingdoms
  • Poles, Czechs, Hungarians were all converted to
    Christianity by German Monks
  • Eastern Slavic people were converted to Orthodox
    Christianity by two Byzantine missionary
    brothers Cyril Methodius
  • Croats, Serbs, Bulgarians were converted to
    Eastern Orthodoxy

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St. Cyril and St. Methodius
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