Bell-Ringer Response

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Bell-Ringer Response

• On which of the following continents were the
  oldest human remains found in 1974?
• A. Europe
• B. Africa
• C. Asia

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Understanding Our Past Foldable

• I. Studying The Past (4 things) pg.4-5
• II. Investigating Prehistory (6 things) pg. 5-7
• III. Discoveries in Africa and Beyond (8 things)
  pg. 8-10

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Australopithecines (Africa)- Seven to Two million
years ago.
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Homo Habilis (Africa)- Around 2 million years ago
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Homo Erectus (Africa, Asia, Europe)- Around Two
Million years ago. Probably the first to learn
how to use fire.
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Homo Sapiens (Everywhere)- 250,000 to 100,000
years ago.
Neanderthals- Only in Europe and Asia.
Disappeared around 50,000-30,000 years ago.
Early Modern Humans- Us
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Skills and Beliefs of the Old Stone Age

• Also called the Paleolithic Period
• Early people were nomads, or people who move
  place to place to find food.
• Typically, around 20-30 people lived in small
  bands or groups.
• Men-hunted, Women/Children-gathered

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• Around 100,000 years ago some people began
  burying their dead with great care.
• Some anthropologists believe that this was the
  first sign of religion.
• Many scholars think our ancestors believed that
  the world was full of spirits and forces that
  might reside in animals objects or dreams.
• Evidence of this is found in cave paintings.

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• How do you think humans developed spoken language?

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The Neolithic Revolution

• Around 12,000 years ago, people learned to farm.
• It happened at different times all around the
  world.
• Along with farming, people also began to
  domesticate animals.

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Dramatic Change

• Settled Farming Establishment of the first
  settled villages and significant advances in
  technology and culture. Why?
• Jericho (Israel)- 10,000-9,000 B.C.
• Catalhuyuk (modern-day Turkey)- 7,000 B.C.
• Cultural changes- Men dominate, differences in
  wealth, increase in warfare.
• Technological changes- Calendars, Plowing,
  weaving, and pottery.

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First Cities and Civilizations

• Earliest civilizations were all near major
  rivers.
• Food surpluses led the worlds first cities.
• The rise of cities was the main feature of
  civilization.
• Civilizations in the Americas were not by river
  valleys.

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Basic Features of Civilization

• 1. Organized Government.
• 2. Complex Religions.
• 3. Job Specialization.
• 4. Social Classes.
• 5. Arts and Architecture.
• 6. Public Works.
• 7. Writing.

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Civilizations change over time

• Things that can change or influence a
  civilization
• 1. A sudden, drastic event like a earthquake or
  volcano eruption.
• 2. Cultural Diffusion- the spread of ideas,
  customs, and technologies from one people to
  another.
• 3. Cities- Grow into City-States
• 4. Empire- a group of states or territories
  controlled by one ruler.