Monday, 21 September Chapter 11 The Endocrine System

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Monday, 21 SeptemberChapter 11 The Endocrine
System

• Classes of hormones
• The adrenal gland
• Fates of hormones
• Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
• Control of hormone secretion
• Hormone interactions (permissive effects)
• Hypothalamus Pituitary
• The story of Aunt Dot
• Endocrine disorders (lab)

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What happens to hormones once released?
Be able to give Examples.
Ex Renin
Fast if free Slow if bound
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Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
Renin is released from kidney cells into
bloodstream, its target in a plasma protein.
Renin
Angiotensinogenfrom liver, a plasma protein
Angiotensin I
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE)
Angiotensin II
Thirst
Zona Glomerulosa of Adrenal Cortex
Arterial smooth muscle vasoconstrictionincrease
blood pressure
Aldosterone
Promotes Na retention in Kidney
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Renin from Juxtaglomerular cells in Kidney
(-)
Multi-step process involving Angiotensin I and II
Aldosterone
Angiotensin II
K in plasma
Na reabsorption in kidney
thirst
Drink
vasoconstriction
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What happens to hormones once released?
Be able to give Examples.
Ex Renin
Fast if free Slow if bound
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Factors that affect hormone secretion
Integrator!
Recall example beta cells of Islets of
Langerhans
Secretion is usually pulsative, may be diurnal.
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Fig. 11.08
Permissive effect
Thyroid hormone stimulates production of
beta-adrenergic receptors
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Questions so far?
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Fig. 11.12a
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Fig. 11.12b
NeurohypophysisAdenohypophysis
Vasopressin ( Antidiuretic hormone)Oxytocin
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Typical Blood Flow
Artery arteriole- capillary venule- vein
heart
Portal System
Artery arteriole- capillary portal vessel
capillary venule- vein heart

1. Hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
2. Hepatic portal system
3. Vasculature of nephrons

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Tropic hormones control the function Trophic
hormones promote survival and growth of targets
Hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
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Who Cares?
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MenopauseWidmaier text p. 694

• Onset age 50
• Irregular menstrual cycles
• Breasts and genital organs gradually atrophy
• Decrease in bone mass strength (osteoporosis)
  (bone resorption greater than bone deposition)
• Hot flashessweating, etiology unknown
• Increased incidence of coronary artery disease