Millennium Development Goals in the Republic of Moldova

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• Millennium Development Goals in the Republic of
  Moldova

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Initial MDGs

• Initial MDGs were defined in 2004.
• Goal 2. Ensure universal access for all children
  to gymnasiums (lower secondary education)
• Target 1. To increase net enrolment ratio in
  gymnasium education from 88 in 2002 to 88.9 in
  2006, 93.8 in 2010 and 100 in 2015.
• Target 2. To increase proportion of 3-5 years old
  children covered by pre-school education up to
  75 in 2007, and up to 100 among 6-7 years old
  children, as well as to reduce the gap between
  urban and rural vulnerable groups and
  middle-income groups down to 5.
• Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women
• Target 1. To extend the participation of women in
  political and social life.

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Revised MDGs 2

• 2007 Analysis of progress in achieving targets
  and revision of most of them
• Goal 2. Ensure universal access for all children
  to general education (primary and lower secondary
  education)
• Target 1. To increase gross enrolment ratio in
  general education from 94.1 in 2002 to 95 in
  2010, and 98 in 2015.
• Target 2. To maintain literacy rate of 15-24 year
  olds at the level of 99.5.
• Target 3. To increase proportion of 3-6 years old
  children covered by pre-school education from
  41.3 in 2002 to 75 in 2010 and 78 in 2015, and
  proportion of 6-7 years olds from 66.5 from 2002
  up to 95 in 2010 and 98 in 2015, as well as to
  reduce the gap between urban and rural vulnerable
  groups and middle-income groups down to 5.

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Indicators for Monitoring Progress
International Republic of Moldova Republic of Moldova
International 2004 2007
Net enrolment ratio in primary education Gross enrolment ratio in gymnasium education Gross enrolment ratio in gymnasium education
Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach last grade of primary Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who graduate general mandatory education Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who graduate general mandatory education
Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds, women and men Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds Literacy rate of 15-24 year-olds
Primary completion rate
Pre-school enrolment ratio Pre-school gross enrolment ratio
Net enrolment ratio among 6-7 year olds
Proportion of pupils of grade 1 who have been enrolled in pre-school education
Drop-out rate
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Revision of MDG 2 and indicators

• Enrolment indicators in both primary and
  gymnasium education demonstrate downward trends
  and a new target was defined Ensure universal
  opportunities for all children to receive general
  mandatory education

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Revision of MDG 2 and indicators

• Due to the recent trend when children go to
  school before they reach 7 years it was decided
  to use gross enrolment ratio rather than net
  enrolment ratio in order to assess accessibility
  of education.
• The dynamics in gross enrolment ratio
  demonstrates that the chances to achieve the 2015
  target are low.

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Revision of MDG 2 and indicators

• Regarding literacy rate it was decided to
  maintain literacy rate of 15-24 year olds at the
  level of 99.5.
• 2004 population census data. Between censuses
  Labour Force Survey.
• In Moldova, almost all 15-24 year olds have
  completed, at least, primary education.

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Revision of MDG 2 and indicators

• Age group was changed from 3-5 years to 3-6 years
  as the latter is the coverage with pre-school
  education.
• New indicator Proportion of pupils of grade 1
  who have been enrolled in pre-school education.
• The target in pre-school education enrolment was
  changed to 98 just as in primary and gymnasium
  education.

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Revision of MDG 2 and indicators
Gross enrolment in pre-school education achieved
the level of 2010 (77.1), and net enrolment of
6-7 year olds almost achieved the level of 2010
(93.1).
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• In Moldova, there are differences in pre-school
  and primary education enrolment between urban and
  rural areas, whereas the differences in
  pre-school and primary education enrolment
  between boys and girls are insignificant.

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MDG 3 Indicators
Gender disparities in education are not a big issue in Moldova. Gender Parity Index is 1.0 in primary and secondary education, and 1.4 in tertiary education. Women are insufficiently represented in all decision-making bodies and political parties, especially in top echelon. Women are mostly employed in low-paying sectors therefore the following indicators were set Proportion of seats held by women in the Parliament Proportion of employed women, by sectors Womens average salary as a percentage of mens average salary
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Data Sources for Measuring MDG 2

• Data of the Ministry of Education were used for
  preparing MDG 2 in 2004
• Some gaps in data recording and lack of
  consistency in data submission by the Ministry of
  Education impeded MDG 2 progress monitoring and
  international comparisons of Moldova
• After MDG 2 was revised, the data of the National
  Statistics Office (NSO) are used. The NSOs Web
  site contains a list of selected indicators for
  monitoring MDGs as well availability of data and
  metadata which to the extent possible are based
  on the international standards

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Metadata for MDGs

• Metadata were defined in 2010 but only for
  the indicators which are measured by NSO
• Metadata structure
• indicator definition
• goal and objective
• method of computation
• level of data disaggregation
• frequency of measurements
• deadlines of data submission/dissemination
• data sources
• international comparability
• time series
• consistency with other indicators
• contact data
• date of recent metadata update

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Data Sources for Measuring MDG 2

• Statistical survey of primary and general
  secondary educational institutions in Moldova is
  based on statistical report No.1-ShGL Activities
  of Primary Schools, Gymnasia and Lyceums
• Statistical survey of pre-school educational
  institutions is based on statistical report No.85
  Activities of Permanent Pre-School Institutions
• Complete enumeration
• Frequency annual
• Information on schools is provided as of
  beginning of school year (20 September), and on
  pre-school institutions it is provided as of end
  of calendar year

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Data Quality

• Data verification
• Phase I departments (units) of education, youth
  and sport
• Number of children and number of classes
  according to rate-making as of 1 September
• Economy departments availability of
  after-school centers
• Phase II provincial statistics departments
  (units)
• Number of educational institutions according to
  lists received from NSO taking into account newly
  opened and suspended ones
• Availability of statistical codes
• Phase III NSO logical and arithmetical
  checks, consistency among sections, comparison
  with previous year data

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Computation Issues

• To compute enrolment indicators in Moldova we use
  de-jure population as there are no demographic
  data on de-facto population by age groups
• In 2011, the data were obtained data on
  de-facto population only for 7-15 age group, for
  which enrolment indicators were computed. Thus,
  for example, gross enrolment ratio in mandatory
  education using de-jure population is 90.3 and
  using de-facto population it is 98.7.
• There is no sufficient clarity in the
  interpretation of some indicators which
  complicates definition of these indicators,
  computations and international comparisons
• Thus, for example, proportion of pupils
  starting grade 1 who graduate general mandatory
  education is not computed.
• There is no consistency in the names of
  indicators and indicators sometimes change during
  revisions and while reports are prepared
• Drop-out rates in general mandatory education are
  not computed yet.

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Coordination and Participation in Monitoring MDGs

• 2005 First National Report Millennium
  Development Goals in the Republic of Moldova
• 2010 Second National Report Millennium
  Development Goals in the Republic of Moldova
• In 2011, as assisted by the UNDP Project
  Consolidating the National Statistical System,
  activities were launched to assess quality of MDG
  indicators from the perspective of data source
  quality, including for MDG 2 education indicators

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Future Perspectives

• Need to compute de-facto population by age groups
  in order to receive real picture of enrolment
• Net enrolment ratios for 7-15 age group need to
  be computed in order to measure progress in
  ensuring universal participation in mandatory
  education. And as Moldova has not achieved the
  international target of universal primary
  education it is useful to divide this indicator
  into two subgroups 7-10 and 11-15 years old.
• To introduce computation of drop-out rates and
  proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who reach
  last grade of general mandatory education into
  statistical practice, which is possible with
  UNESCO technical assistance

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Dissemination of MDG 2 Data

• Ministry of Economy annually publishes data in
  DevINFO http//www.devinfo.md/devinfoapp.aspx?cl
  IND

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Dissemination of MDG 2 Data

• Starting from 2010 the indicators for which NSO
  is responsible are available at the Web site,
  including metadata for each indicator
  http//www.statistica.md/public/files/Metadate/ODM
  /ODM1_TR2_IR2.pdf in Romanian)

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Thank you!