Title: Metrics
1Metrics
2Outline - Metrics
- Historical Overview of Metrics
- Time as a Metric
- The FS Metric
- An Example
- Other Metrics in Computer Information Systems
- Conclusion
3A Motto -
- What is not measurable make measurable.
- Galileo Galilei
- (1564 1642)
4The 1950s
5The 1960s
- Leonard Kleinrock writes first paper on packet
switching. - First packets sent on ARPANet 1969.
- Note The system crashed as the g in login was
reached! - (Howe, 2004 Zakon, 2004)
6The 1970s
- ARPANet protocol established.
- Ethernet appeared.
- ARPANet users number 2,000.
- (Zakon, 2004 Howe, 2004)
7The 1980s
- First virus appears.
- BITNET appears (e-mail).
- Number of hosts breaks 1,000 10,000 then
100,000. - Archie appears (ftp archiver Internet index!).
- (Zakon, 2004 Howe, 2004)
8The 1990s
- WWW appears.
- gopher appears (indexing the web).
- Number of hosts surpasses 1,000,000.
- Shopping appears on the Internet!
- (Zakon, 2004 Howe, 2004)
9The 21st Century
- Remember Y2K?
- More than 1,000,000,000 indexed pages.
- Flash mobs, Internet taxes, spam, speed
- US Census Bureau has 1.5 million page views per
day. (Census Bureau, 2004)
10Time
Technology Time to reach 25 penetration (years)
Television 25
Radio 27
Telephone 35
Personal Computers 16
Cell Phones 13
World Wide Web 7
(Baase, 2003)
11Time (1)
12Time - human
- I.e. in one year, we will all be one year older!
13Time (2)
- Also, recall that
- for cats.
14Time - Cats
- so in one year our cats will be seven years
older! - note 18 h.y. 126 c.y.
15Time (3)
16Time - computers
- Next year my computer will be 100 years old!
17Time (4)
- For the Internet,
- because it is moving
- fast
18Which metric measures the Internet?
- Speed powers of 10 (by threes)
- Host growth exponential
- Number of pages exponential
- Number of possible paths factorial
19Lord Kelvin (1824 1907)
- When you can measure what you are speaking
about, and express it in numbers, you know
something about it
20The FS Metric
- As the 21st century evolves, new metrics will
have to be developed, explored and tested for
validity. - Many web sites and software tools appeal to the
individualistic side of our personalities (as
well as cultural and societal norms).
21Feng Shui
- A study of how energies in our environment affect
the way we live and work in this area (the web)
at this time.
22Fang Shooy
- A study of how energies in our environment, when
left unchecked, can disrupt how we live and work
in this environment (the web) at this time.
23Fang Shooy
24Feng Shui
25Fang Shooy
26Feng Shui
27What does this prove?
28What does this illustrate?
- That individual perceptions are hard to quantify
and thus measure.
29How do we prove conjectures?
- With theorems
- How do we prove theorems?
- With more theorems!
- Postulates
- Axioms
30Remember Euclid? (300 BC)
- Formulated axiomatic system for geometry.
- Stood for more than 2,000 years as the model for
organized thinking. - Axioms are self-evident truths.
- (Burton, 2003)
31What are Internet axioms?
- Words in all uppercase letters are offensive.
- Back buttons are necessary.
- Pop-ups are annoying.
- Speed is good.
- Clutter is bad.
32Definitions
- How do you define a metric for something like a
search engine for cyberspace?
33Definitions (2)
- Question What is the fundamental
- purpose of a search engine?
- Answer To search the web.
34Definitions (3)
- First we need a scale.
- How about 1 to 10?
- How about 0 to 100?
- How about -3 to 3 with zero being neutral?
35Definitions (4)
- Lets select 0 to 100 with 0 being bad and 100
being good. Further, lets assume that we begin
at 100 and subtract points as errors are
encountered. (axioms violated)
36Definitions (5)
- Pluses
- Order
- Calm
- Open
- Passive Colors
- Home Page
- No Pop-Ups
- Fast Loading
- No Horizontal Scrolling
- Minuses
- Chaos
- Busy
- Cluttered
- Active Colors
- Splash Page
- Pop-Ups
- Slow Loading
- Horizontal Scrolling
37Example Search Engines
- Evaluate the major search engines using the
following point structure - pop-ups - 10
- horizontal scrolling - 8
- scrolling text - 5
- poor colors - 5
- flashing animations - 5
- information overload - 5
- vertical scrolling - 3
38Search Engine Rating Scale
0
50
100
Alta Vista Dogpile
Netscape
Yahoo
Excite
Google Hogsearch Lycos
39Feng Shui
40Fang Shooy
41Qualitative to Quantitative
Qualitative Measure
Quantitative Measure
42Metrics in Systems Analysis and Design
- Gantt Charts and PERT Charts
- Diagramming
- Usability Testing
- Level 0 DFD
The System!
Results/Theorems
Data/Axioms
43Metrics in E-Commerce
- Click Through Rate (ad click)
- Clickstream Data
- Hit Rate
- Knowledge Curve
- Shopping Cart Abandonment Rate
- Throughput
44Metrics in Human Computer Interaction
- Geert Hofstede and dimensions of culture
- Fitts Law
-
- Hicks Law
45Metrics in HCI (2)
- Meyers Law
- Power Law of Practice
46New Metrics (needed)
- e-waste
- e-pollution
- e-warfare
- e-learning
- e-voting
- e-taxes
- e2.71828
47Conclusions
- Metrics permeate, somehow, most fields of study.
- CIS is a field where old metrics can be analyzed
and applied. - CIS is a field where new metrics can be
formulated, tested and applied. - That makes CIS interesting and entertaining!
48Conclusions (2)
- That is a bit about me and some of the ideas that
I am interested in. - Thanks again for coming!
- Questions?
49References
- Baase, S. (2003). A Gift of Fire. Upper Saddle
River, NJ Prentice Hall - Burton, D. (2003). The History of Mathematics
An Introduction. New York McGraw-Hill - Census Bureau, (2004). Retrieved December 1,
2004 from http//www.census.gov/webdecade
50References (2)
- Hofstede, G. (1997). Cultures and Organizations
Software of the Mind. New York McGraw-Hill - Howe, W. (2004). A Brief History of the
Internet. Retrieved November 30, 2004 from
http//www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html - Zakon, R. (2004). Hobbes Internet Timeline
v7.0. Retrieved November 30, 2004 from
http//www.zakon.org/robert/internet/timeline
51Top Five Metric (Grand Junction)
Search Engine Google Dogpile
5 Museum of W. Colorado Hotels
4 National Weather Service Quality Inn
3 Chamber of Commerce Real Estate
2 City of Grand Junction Hotels (HotelsByCity)
1 Visitor Bureau Hotels (Expedia)
52Top Five Metric (Mesa State College)
Search Engine Google Dogpile
5 Study USA www.10000scholarship.com
4 US University Resource college.us.com
3 Mesa States Homepage no longer resides Mesa States Homepage no longer resides
2 Mesa State Athletics Mesa State Athletics
1 Mesa State Homepage Mesa State Homepage