Mycology Opportunistic Molds

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MycologyOpportunistic Molds
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• Division of Medical Technology
• Carol Larson MSEd, MT(ASCP)

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Basic Characteristics
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• Rapid growers (4-5 days)
• Found in soil (saprobic)
• Conidia are airborne
• Opportunistic pathogens
• Treatment

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Opportunistic Mold Classification
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• Aseptate (sparsely septate) / hyaline
• Septate / dematiaceous
• Septate / hyaline

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Zygomycetes
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• Lid lifters
• Sporangiospores
• Rhizoids

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Clinical Significance
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• Causes Zygomycosis (Mucormycosis, Phycomycosis)
• Predisposition
• Diabetics
• Malnutrition
• Immunosuppressed
• Prolonged antibiotic therapy
• Pathogenesis
• Nasal sinuses
• Migrate to brain and meninges

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Absidia species
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• Internodal rhizoids

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Mucor species
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• No rhizoids

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Rhizopus species
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• Nodal rhizoids

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In Review
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Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae

• Aseptate (sparsely septate) hyaline hyphae
• Zygomycetes
• Lid lifters, sporangiospores
• Absidia internodal rhizoids
• Mucor no rhizoids
• Rhizopus nodal rhizoids
• Zygomycosis

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Opportunistic Mold Classification
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• Aseptate (sparsely septate) / hyaline
• Septate / dematiaceous
• Septate / hyaline

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Alternaria species
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Septate / dematiaceous hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology

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Cladosporium species
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Septate / dematiaceous hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology

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In Review
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Septate / dematiaceous hyphae

• Septate, dematiaceous hyphae
• Alternaria species
• Cladosporium species
• Generally nonpathogenic

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Opportunistic Mold Classification
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• Aseptate (sparsely septate) / hyaline
• Septate / dematiaceous
• Septate / hyaline

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Aspergillus species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Causes Aspergillosis
• Predisposed
• Debilitated immunocompromised
• Pathogenesis
• Inhale conidia
• Pulmonary disease
• Systemic

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Aspergillus fumigatus
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology

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Aspergillus niger
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology

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Aspergillus flavus
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology

• Microscopic morphology

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Aspergillus species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Velvety, white, green yellow, cinnamon brown,
  reverse varies
• Microscopic morphology
• Single or double row of phialides covering
  entire vesicle

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In Review
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Aspergillus species
• A. fumigatus
• A. niger
• A. flavus
• Many others
• Aspergillosis

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Other Opportunistic Molds
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Penicillium species
• Paecilomyces species
• Fusarium species
• Sepedonium species

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Penicillium species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology

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Paecilomyces species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology

• Microscopic morphology

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Fusarium species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology

• Microscopic morphology

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Sepedonium species
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Colony morphology

• Microscopic morphology

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In Review
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Septate / hyaline hyphae

• Septate hyaline hyphae
• Opportunistic pathogens
• Aspergillus
• Fusarium
• Lab contaminants
• Penicillium
• Paecilomyces
• Sepedonium

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In Summary
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Opportunistic Molds

• Key characteristics
• Identification methods
• Colony morphology
• Microscopic morphology
• Clinically significant opportunistic molds
• Zygomycetes
• Aspergillus fumigatus, A. niger, A. flavus
• Fusarium species

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Who am I?
Potato Dextrose Agar
LPCB Stain of Slide Culture
Aspergillus fumigatus
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Who am I?
Potato Dextrose Agar
LPCB Stain of Slide Culture
Rhizopus species
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Who am I?
Potato Dextrose Agar
LPCB Stain of Slide Culture
Fusarium species
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Who am I?
Potato Dextrose Agar
LPCB Stain of Slide Culture
Penicillium species