Chapter 13 A TURBULENT DECADE

1
Chapter 13 A TURBULENT DECADE

• Section 1 Postwar Troubles
• Section 2 The Republicans in Power
• Section 3 A Nation Divided

2
Objectives
Section 1 Postwar Troubles

• What were some of the economic outcomes of
  demobilization?
• What were the main causes of the strikes of 1919,
  and how did most Americans react to the strikes?
• What caused the public hysteria of the Red Scare?
• Why did the Sacco and Vanzetti trial arouse
  public interest?

3
Economic outcomes of demobilization
Section 1 Postwar Troubles

• unemployment
• loss of jobs for women
• rise in prices, then a fall
• fall in agricultural prices

4
Strikes of 1919
Section 1 Postwar Troubles

• Main causes of the strikes
• inflation
• low wages
• long work hours
• Reaction to strikes
• violence
• workers lost jobs
• accusations of radicalism and communism

5
Causes of the Red Scare
Section 1 Postwar Troubles

• fear of a Bolshevik revolution in the U.S.
• strikes of 1919
• bomb scares of 1919
• the Palmer raids

6
Reasons for public interest in the Sacco and
Vanzetti trial
Section 1 Postwar Troubles

• Americans were deeply divided over the trial.
• Some believed that Sacco and Vanzetti deserved
  punishment.
• Others thought that they were convicted only
  because they were immigrants and radicals.

7
Objectives
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• How did Republican policies encourage economic
  growth in the 1920s?
• How did the Harding administrations pro-business
  policies affect the U.S. economy?
• Why did the movement to pass the Equal Rights
  Amendment fail?
• How did the Republican Party overcome the
  political scandals of the Harding administration?
• What issues affect the outcome of the 1928
  election?

8
Republican policies to encourage growth
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• cuts in government spending to reduce debt
• the Fordney-McCumber Tariff, also to reduce debt
• tax cut for the wealthy to encourage growth
• attempts by government and courts to roll back
  previous gains by labor

9
Positive effects
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• boom in industry
• economic growth
• Negative effects
• mergers
• continuing struggles for the workers who were not
  part of the prosperity
• continuing struggles for farmers
• continuing struggles for organized labor

10
Failure of the movement to pass the Equal Rights
Amendment
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• Some women opposed the ERA, believing that it
  would cause legislation regulating their hours
  and working conditions to be declared illegal.
  The movement did not gather political support and
  ultimately failed.

11
Overcoming the scandals of the Harding
administration
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• Coolidge fired many people who had been involved
  in the scandals.
• Coolidges stern personality provided a contrast
  to Harding.
• Coolidge continued Hardings popular pro-business
  policies.

12
Issues affecting the 1928 election
Section 2 The Republicans in Power

• the nations prosperity
• Smiths Catholicism
• Smiths opposition to prohibition
• Democratic attempts to be progressive and liberal

13
Objectives
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• Why did many Americans support the Ku Klux Klan,
  and why did that support decline?
• How did African Americans combat discrimination
  and violence?
• Why did many Americans demand restrictions on
  immigration?
• Why did Mexican immigration increase during the
  1920s?
• What actions did American Indians take to protect
  their land?

14
Rise of the Ku Klux Klan
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• racism toward African Americans
• hostility towards those with different religions,
  ethnic backgrounds, or political views
• fear and suspicion during the Red Scare

15
Fall of the Klan
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• decrease in Red Scare tension
• publicity about the Klans terrorism
• corruption and scandal within the Klan

16
African American response to discrimination and
violence
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• The NAACP organized an antilynching campaign.
• A. Philip Randolph established the Brotherhood of
  Sleeping Car Porters.
• Marcus Garvey supported black nationalism and
  founded the UNIA.

17
American demands for immigration restrictions
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• increases in immigration
• belief that immigrants were political radicals
  who took jobs from native-born Americans

18
Increases in Mexican immigration
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• Mexicans not affected by limits on immigration
• employers in the Southwest eager for low-wage
  workers

19
Actions by American Indians
Section 3 A Nation Divided

• organized to stop Harding administration from
  buying back all tribal lands
• organized to fight the Barsum Bill
• built inter-tribal support under leadership of
  the Pueblo tribes