???st?? ?p???a? ??ap????t?? Ka????t??

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???st?? ?p???a? ??ap????t?? Ka????t??

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Title: ???st?? ?p???a? ??ap????t?? Ka????t??

1
?e???????e? ?????f?????? ?a? ?p?????????? ??p???
??t?d?????s? ?a? ???pt???

???st?? ?p???a???ap????t?? Ka????t??
?p?st?µ?????? ?pe?????? ??e???t???? Mo??da? 6,
??e???t??? ??ad?µa??? ??st?t??t? ?e???????a?
?p?????st?? ?a?
?µ?µa ???a????? ?/? ?a? ?????f??????,
?a?ep?st?µ?? ?at???
ru6.cti.gr/bouras
bouras_at_cti.gr

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

3
S?µe?a p?? ep?ß?????? t? ???s? ??? (1/2)

?? ??? s?µß?????? ?at? 50 st?? a???s? t??
??????µ?a?
?? 35 t?? e???pa??? ap?fas????? p?? ?a p??e
d?a??p?? µ?s? d?ad??t???.
? e?????????t?ta s?et??eta? ?µesa µe t??
??????µ??? e???st?a ?a? ?at? s???pe?a ap?te?e?
??a ???s?µ? ??µµ?t? t?? e?????? t??ep????????a???
?p?d?µ?? µ?a? a?ept??µ???? ???a?

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
4
S?µe?a p?? ep?ß?????? t? ???s? ??? (2/2)

? ????pa?a ep?t??p?? a?µ?d?a ??a t?? "???????a
t?? ?????f???a?" ?a? ta Media, Viviane Reding,
t?? ?????? 2005 e??e a?af??e?
St???? µa? e??a? µ???? t? 2010, ?a e??a?
s??dedeµ??a ta µ?s? e???pa??? ?????????? se
e????????? d??t?a µe ta??t?te? t??????st?? 10
Megabit t? de?te???ept?, ep?t??p??ta? ?ts? t??
p??sßas? se p???s?e? µ??f?? ep????????a? ?p?? t?
video.

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
5
? ???s? e-Europe 2005 t?? ?.?. ???????a t??
?????f???a? ??a ?????

?? s??d?? d??s?? e-Europe 2005 ??ese t??
a??pt??? t?? ???????a? t?? ?????f???a? ?? ??a
ßas??? µ???? ??a t?? ep?te??? t?? st???? t??
St?at?????? t?? ??ssaß??a? ?a? t?? ????d?µ?s? t??
???????a? t?? G??s??. ?ts? s?µf??a µ a?t? ??? t?
2005 ? ????p? ?a p??pe? ?a d?a??te?
S??????e? d??t?a??? d?µ?s?e? ?p??es?e?
??e?t?????? d?a??ß????s? (e-government)
??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? µ???s?? (e- learning)
??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? ??e?a? (e-health)
???aµ??? pe??ß????? ??. ep??e??e?? (e-commerce)
?a? ?? ?ata??t? ?? a?t??,
??aded?µ??? d???es? e?????????? p??sßas?? se
a?ta????st???? t?µ??
?sfa?? ?p?d?µ? p????f?????

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
6
? ??f?a?? St?at????? i2010 t?? ?.?.

H ????pa??? ?p?t??p? pa???s?ase t?? ?????? t??
2005 t? ??a ??f?a?? st?at????? i2010 p?? ??e? ??
st??? ? ????p? ?a ?ataste? e???st???te?? ??a
epe?d?se?? ?a? ?a???t?µ?a se p?????ta ?a?
?p??es?e? p?? ßas????ta? st? ???s?.
?? t?e?? ?????? st???? t?? i2010
???a??? e???pa???? ????? t?? p????f???a? p??
pa???e? ??????µ??? p??s?t?? ?a? asfa?e??
e?????????? ep????????e? ?a? ??f?a??? ?p??es?e?
?p?d?se?? pa???sµ?a? ???s?? se ??e??a ?a?
?a???t?µ?a st?? ???, ??e????ta? t? ??sµa µe t???
??et????? a?ta????st?? t?? ????p??
??a ???????a t?? p????f???a? ????? ap???e?sµ???,
p?? pa???e? d?µ?s?e? ?p??es?e? ?????? p???t?ta?
?a? p????e? t?? p???t?ta ????.

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
7
?? e??a? ??????????t?ta

??a ?p?d?µ? ??a t?? 21? a???a µe s?µas?a ?a?
ep?d?as? st?? ???????a, st?? a??pt??? ?a? st??
??????µ?a a?t?st???? t?? ??e?t??sµ??
?? p????µ???, ef??t? ?a? ?a???t?µ? ap? p???t???,
?????????, ??????µ??? ?a? te????????? ?p???
pe??ß?????, ap?te???µe?? ap?
t?? pa???? ???????? s??d?se?? st? ??ad??t??
t?? ?at?????? d??t?a?? ?p?d?µ?
t?? d??at?t?ta t?? p???t? ?a ep????e?
t? ?at?????? ???µ?st??? p?a?s?? ??a t??
e?d???µ?s? t?? ?a???t?µ?a? ?a? t?? p??stas?a t??
a?ta????sµ??

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
8
? s?µas?a t?? ??????????t?ta?

O ?p?t??p?? t?? FCC st?? ?µe????, Michael Copps
t?? ?????st? t?? 2003 e??e a?af??e? ?a
e????????? d??t?a ?a e??a? ??a t?? 21? a???a t?s?
???t???? s?µas?a? ?s? ?ta? ??a t?? 19? a???a ??
d??µ??, ta ?a????a ?a? ?? s?d???d??µ???? ??aµµ??
?a? ??a t?? 20? a???a ta t??ep????????a?? d??t?a
?a? ta ta??tata µ?sa µa????? µetaf????.
O ??µa???? t?? Sa? F?a?t??s?? se p??sfate?
d???se?? t?? t???se?p?? t? f?? ?a? t? ?e??, ?
e?????????t?ta p??pe? ?a ???e? µ???? t??
a????p???? d??a??µ?t??

???????a t?? ?????f???a?
9

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

10
?e??t?? ?t??µ?t?ta? ???t?a??? ?e?????????- NRI

???at?t?ta ????? ?a ep?fe?????? se ??? t? e????
t?? ??????µ?a? ?a? t?? ???????a? ap? t??
a???p???s? t?? ???
? ????da ?p?????se ap? t?? 43? ??s? (t?? pe???d?
2005-2006) st?? 48? (t?? pe???d? 2006-2007) st??
?at?ta?? µe ß?s? t? ?e??t? ?t??µ?t?ta? ???t?a???
?e????????? (Networked Readiness Index-NRI)
µeta?? 122 ??at?? se pa???sµ?? ep?ped?.

?e??t?? ?at?ta?? ????da? ?etaß??? S????? ?????
NRI 2006-2007 48? ??s? -5 122
NRI 2005-2006 43? ??s? -1 115
NRI 2004-2005 42? ??s? -9 104
NRI 2003-2004 34? ??s? 102
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
11
?p?????st?? st? sp?t?
???? ????ßa??µet??,??e-?e? 2006
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
12
X??s? ??e?t??????? ?p?????st? a?? f??? ?a?
pe??f??e?a
???? ?a?at???t???? ??a t?? ???????a t??
?????f???a?, ??t-?e? 2006
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
13
??e?sd?s? ??????????t?ta?
???? ??S? ?e?. 2006
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
14
???s? t?? ??ad??t??? a?? f??? ?a? pe??f??e?a
???? ?a?at???t???? ??a t?? ???????a t??
?????f???a?, ??t-?e? 2006
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
15
??te??s? de??t?? eEurope i2010???sßas? st?
??ad??t?? a?? ?e??f??e?a
???? ?a?at???t???? ??a t?? ???????a t??
?????f???a?, ???t??? 2007
????p? ????da - ?ess???a
16
?as???? a?t?e? p?? µa? ?d????? st?? te?e?ta?e?
??se??

? ???a ap?te?e? s?et??? µ???? a???? st?? t?µ?a
t?? p????f?????? ?a? t?? ep?????????? se s??s? µe
t?? ???e? ???e? t?? ??.
? a???? ta p??????µe?a ?????a e?d???te?a,
pa???s?a?e a??et?? ?d?a?te??t?te? p?? ????a
?fe???ta? st?? ???e??? e??? a?ta????st????
t??ep????????a??? ??µ??.
? ???a? µa? ???? t?? µ??f?????a? t?? de?
ep?t??pe? t?? e????? a??pt??? e???????? d??t???
ap? ???? se ????.
?p??s?a e?????????? ?p??es??? ?? ?p??e? ?a
µp????sa? ?e???t??? ?a d?µ??????s??? t? ??t?s?
e?????????? ?p??es??? ?a? ?a a?apt????? µ?a a????
st?? t?µ?a a?t?.
?aµ??? d?e?sd?s? t?? Internet ? ?p??a ta
te?e?ta?a 2 ?????a pa???s???e? stas?µ?t?ta
?? Internet ???a µa? ap?te?e? a???ß? p?????.
?p???e? ??a? p?????? se p?e??e?t??? ??s?
?e? ?p???e? s?????s? f???? ?a? Internet

????p? ????da - ?ess???a
17
?? p??pe? ?a ???e? st?? ????da

???at?t?ta pa????? e?????????? ?p??es??? se
p???te? µ? e????µ???? ast???? ? a???t????
pe??????
?????? t?? µa???p???esµ?? t??ep????????a???
a?a???? se µe???? µ???? t?? p????sµ?? t?? ???a?
??????s? t?? ??t?s?? e?????????? ?p??es???
?µµes? e??s??s? t?? ß??µ??a??a? pa?a?????
pe??e??µ????, af?? ? d??d?s? t?? e?????????t?ta?
ap?te?e? ??a?? s?????? ??a t? d??d?s? ????,
p????µ???? e?????????? ?p??es???

????p? ????da - ?ess???a
18
?? ??? de? ?p?????? st? ???? t?? p???t????

?a e??????? p???t??? ??µµata ?a? ? t?p???
a?t?d?????s? de? a?af????? p??????? t??
e?????????t?ta ?a? ta ?f??? t??
Se a?t?d?ast??? µe
?a??de??µa 1 ?? d?µa???? t?? ?a??s??? ?a? t??
??????? a?a????????? p?????µµata ??a fiber to
the home se ?????de? ??????????
?a??de??µa 2 St?? te?e?ta?e? e?????? t?? ??? ?
e?????????t?ta ?ta? µ?a e??t?s? st? debate Bush -
Kerry

????p? ????da - ?ess???a
19

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

20
??f?a?? ?? (1/6)

??a ??f?a?? ?? st??e?e? st? ???s? t?? ???
(?e???????e? ?????f?????? ?a? ?p??????????) ??a
t?? ??e?t?????? ?p?st?????
??? ep????????a? ?a? t?? s??e??as?a? t?? ??µ?s???
???a??sµ?? µe t??? ????te? ?a? t?? ?p??e???se??
?a??? ep?s?? ?a? ?????? ??µ?s???? ???a??sµ???
??? es?te????? ?e?t??????? t?? ??µ?s???
???a??sµ??
?a???? ?p??es??? ??a t??? p???te?

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
21
??f?a?? ?? (2/6)

??a a????p??e?t???? p??s????s? t?? ??f?a??? ??
?a p??pe? ?a est??se? st??? 3 ßas?????
eµp?e??µe???? st? ?e?t?????a e??? ???a??sµ??
??p???? ??t?d?????s??
st??? a??et???
st? ?p??es?a?? p??s?p??? t?? ???a??sµ?? ??p????
??t?d?????s??
st??? p???te? ?a? st?? t?p???? ep??e???se??

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
22
??f?a?? ?? (3/6)

?p?s?? ? ??f?a?? ?? ?a est???e? st??
a????ep?d??se?? a??µesa st??? 3 ßas?????
eµp?e??µe???? st? ?e?t?????a e??? ???a??sµ??
??p???? ??t?d?????s??
?? d?µ???at??? d??stas? t?? s??s?? µeta?? t??
a??et?? ?a? t?? ???????a? t?? p???t??
?? d??stas? t?? pa????? ?p??es??? st??? p???te?
?a? t?? ep??e???se?? ap? t? p??s?p??? t??
???a??sµ?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
?? d??stas? t?? d?????s?? t?? d?µ?t???? ?p??es???
ap? t?? a??et? ??es?a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
23
??f?a?? ?? (4/6)

? d?µ??????a t?? ??f?a??? ?? st????eta? se ??e?
d??se?? p?? de? ????? a?ade???e? s?st?µat???
µ???? s?µe?a ?a? ?a??pt??? t?? pa?a??t? e??t?te?
??e? ??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? ?a? ?p?d?µ?? p??
µe?????? t?? ????? ?a? ße?t?????? t?? p???t?ta
t?? s??a??a??? t?? p???t?? ?a? t?? ep??e???se??
µe t?? ??.
??e? ??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? ?a? ?p?d?µ?? p??
d?e????????? ?a? ?p?st??????? t?? t?p???
ep??e???µat???t?ta.

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
24
??f?a?? ?? (5/6)

??p??? a??pt??? µ?sa ap? epe?d?se?? st?? ??e?
te???????e? ?a? ?at??t?s? t?? a????p????
d??aµ???? ?a??? ?a? ???e? d??se?? e?pa?de?s??.
???se?? p?? ?p?st??????? t?? ap?f?se?? t?? ??,
p??????? t? d?af??e?a ?a? d?e????????? t?
s?µµet??? t?? p???t?? ?a? t? d?µ?s?a d?aß???e?s?
µe t??? t?p????? f??e??.

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
25
?µpe???a

????????
?????
????
?????
???
e????a?a
??e????
???t??a??a
?spa??a (San Sebastian, Catarroja)
S???d?a (G?ete?µp????)
Ga???a (Metz)
?ta??a (??µ?)
?e???? ??eta??a (?d?µß?????, G?as??ß?)
??a????a (Santo Andre)
INEC

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
26
?a?a?t???st??? ?a? ????p???se?? ??a t?? a??pt???
t?? ??? st?? ?.?.

?? ??? ??ad??t??? ????? t?t??a f?s?????µ???
?a?a?t???st??? ?ste ?a ep??e????? t?? t??p?
e??as?a?, ep????????a? ?a? µ???s??. ??d???te?a
e??a?
?e???????e? ?p?d?µ??
?a??????? ?fa?µ????
??at?ept????
?p?d?a????t???? ??ad?a????t????
?p?t??p??? t?? ?p??ßas? stad??? e???????
? a???p???s? t??? p???p???te? ?a? apa?te?
???a??t???? Tesµ???? a??a???
???a??? st?? ??????s? t?? e??as?a? ?a? ??????
st?? ???t??p?e? (?atap???µ?s? t?? te???f?ß?a?)
?a? t?? s?µpe??f????

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
27
????p???se?? ??????se?? ?p?d?µ??

?????st? ep?ped? p????f???a??? ?p?d?µ?? se ???e
??µ?, a?????a µe t? µ??e??? ?a? t? d?ast????t?ta
p?? a?apt?sse?
??ad???????s?, d?as??des? ?a? d?a?e?t???????t?ta
?p?d??? ?a? a???p???s? d??t??? ?a? ?p?d?µ?? p??
?a d?µ?????????? ?p?? p.?. t? ?????? ???t??
??µ?s?a? ??????s?? (S??????S), ?? ???????????
?p?d?µ??, ? ?????f???a??? e??p??sµ?? ??µ?? ?a?
??µa?????...
?e? ?????ta? ??a ap? t?? a??? a?a????????ta? ?a?
a?a????ta? ?? ?????? apa?t?se?? t?? s?st?µ?t??
t?? ??µ??
??µ????????ta? ßas???? p?atf??µe? e??a?e?a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
28
????p???se?? ??????se?? ?????p???? ?????

?????st? ep?ped? a????p???? p???? a?????a µe t?
µ??e??? t?? ??µ?? - ? ?????f????? ?a? t?
??ad??t?? ?????? t??? a????p??? t???
??aß??µ?s? t?? de???t?t?? t?? ???st?? ?? ??e?
te???????e? ?a? t? d?ad??t?? µp????? ?a ??????
e????sta e??a?e?a ?a? ?a ß????s??? st??
?a??µe???? µa? e??as?a
?????t? d????s? ?a? d?a?e???s? t?? p????f???a?,
µ??t??a s??e??as?a? ?a? a?ta??a??? p?a?t????,
ep?µ??f?s?
????p???s? ?p? d?aµ??f?s? ?p?d?µ?? ?a? p?????s?
???? ????? ?????? ???t?? ??µ?s?a? ??????s??
(?p??es?e? ?a? p?atf??µe? s??e??as?a?), ???a
ep?µ??f?s?? (?e???? ?a? a?? ????)

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??
29

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

30
???s?µ?? pa?????te? ep?t???a? ??a t?? efa?µ???
??? st?? ??

?s????? desµe?se?? t?? ???e ??es?a? st??? st?????
???te?a??t?te? ?a? a?st??? p???ataß?????
a???????s? f????? ??a t?? ep?te??? st????
?p????t??s? st?? ???p???s?, ß?se? ?a????? ?a?
?????d?a??aµµ?t??. Se pe??pt?s? ap????se??
ep?ß??? d?aßa?µ?sµ???? ????se??
???s??s? µe ep??e???s?a???? ? te???????
s?µß?????? se e?e????? p?? apa?t???ta? ?
a?????????ta? ?? ????te? ad??aµ?e?
?p??p???s? d?ad??as??? ap? t?? ?s????sa
?pe?ß????? ??afe????at?a
????t?a ep?ß??ße?s?? ??a ?s??? µet? ap?
a???????s? ep?t????? ?a????sµ????? st?????. ??t?
s??te??e? st?? a?ta????sµ? ?a? t?? e?d???s?
?µ???a?
??a??µµat???? ep?t??p?? ??a d?µ?s?a d?aß???e?s?
p??d?a??af?? d?af??e?a d?a????sµ??
(d?µ?s??p???s? st? d?ad??t?? ???? t?? stad???)

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????
31
?p??d?s? se ???????S ?????O????S ???????S (1/2)

?a ?????????? d??t?a pa?????? d??at?t?ta
????????, asfa??? ?a? a???p?st?? s??d?se?? st?
d?ad??t?? st? µe?a??te?? µ???? t?? p????sµ?? µ?a?
pe?????? µe a?ta????st???? t?µ??.
St?? ?? p??sf????? d??at?t?te? ??a t?? pa????
?a???te??? ?p??es??? p??? t?? p???t? a??? ?a?
p??? es?d??, ded?µ???? ?t? ?? ?? µp????? ?a
s?µµet????? st?? ?atas?e??, d?a?e???s? ?a?
e?µet???e?s? e?????????? ?p?d?µ??.
? ???p???s? t?? e?????????? d??t??? ep?f??e?
s?µa?t???? a??a??? st?? ?e?t?????a ???e t?p????
???????a? ?a? s?µß????? st?? a?aß??µ?s? t??
p???t?ta? ???? t?? p???t? af?? pa?????? ??e?
d??at?t?te? ??a ?p??es?e? ??e?a?, µ???s??,
p???t?sµ??, ???a????a? ?a? ep??e???µat???t?ta?.

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????
32
?p??d?s? se ???????S ?????O????S ???????S (2/2)

4et?? s??d?? st?? ?a??e???? ??a ?a s??d?se? 386
d?µ??? µe ??a ?e?t???? d??t?? 10 Gbps µe
p???p?????sµ? 448 e?at?µµ???a
? ??? d??s? st????eta? se ??a s??d?? 25-?t???
ep??d?s?? ap?sßes??, µe ep?st??f? 8 et?s???.
?a??µ??e? p??sp??e?e? e?t?p????ta? st?? S???d?a,
t?? ?ta??a, t? Ga???a ?a? t?? ???a?d?a.
???s?µ? s?µe?? ap?te?e? ? e??a??? ?a?
s??t???sµ???? ??e????, µe t??? d?µ???, t??
d?µ?t???? ?d?? ?a? d??µ??. ? ?d?a e??a? ?a
?p???e? µ?a t??t? ??t?t?ta st?? ?p??a ?? d?µ??
µp????? ?a d?s??? t?? a?µ?d??t?te? p?? ?????
e?????se? st?? LocalRet µe s??p? t?? s??t???sµ???
f?s??? p??sßas?, ??a ?a ?t?ste? ?µesa t? d??t??.

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????
33
??????? ??G?S????

?????t? p??t?pa ?a? e??a?e?a a????t?? ????sµ????
?µa?? a??pt??? ?a? p??sa?µ??? st?? ??e? s?????e?
s?ßa???, ???a??µ??e? epe?d?se?? ?pa?
ap?te?esµat??? p?????ta ?a? ?p??es?e?

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????
34

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

35
?et?ßas? st?? ??f?a?? ??

? µet?ßas? t?? ?? st? µ??t??? t?? ??f?a??? ??
st????eta? st?? pa?a??t? p???t????
???pt??? t?? ?p?d?µ?? ???
??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? ?a? pe??e??µe??
???pt??? a????p???? p????
S??t???sµ??

???te???µe?e? ???se??
36
???pt??? t?? ?p?d?µ?? ???

?? ?p?d?µ?? ??? ap?te?e? t? ?a?????a??? t??
???????a? t?? G??s??, t?? ???pt????, ?a? t??
e??µe??a? µe ???s? ???. ? ?p?d?µ? a?t? ???e?
d??at? t? ???????, f????? ?a? µe ?aµ??? ??st??
ap????e?s?, a???t?s?, d?a????s? ?a? epe?e??as?a
t?? ??f??p???µ???? p????f???a? ?p? t? µ??f?
f????, ded?µ????, e????a?.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
37
??e?t??????? ?p??es?e? ?a? pe??e??µe??

? p???t??? t?? t?p???? a?t?d?????s?? est???eta?
se µ?a ???????a t?? G??s??, t?? ???pt????, ?a?
t?? e??µe??a? µe ???s? ???, p??sß?s?µ? ??a ?????
µ?sa ?a? ep??e?t???eta? st?? p??a???? t??
d?µ???at???? ?e?t?????a? ?a? t?? d?af??e?a? ?a?
t?? ße?t??s? t?? e??p???t?s?? t?? p???t?? ?a? t??
ep??e???se??.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
38
???pt??? a????p???? p???? (1/2)

? a??pt??? a????p???? p???? ?a? e?pa?de?s? t??
a????p???? d??aµ???? t?? t?p???? a?t?d?????s??
pe???aµß??e?
??? ste????s? ???e ??µ?? µe ?t?µa µe t??
apa?t??µe?e? de???t?te? ??a t?? p?????s? t??
???????a? t?? G??s??, t?? ???pt????, ?a? t??
e??µe??a? µe ???s? ???
??? stad?a?? ?at??t?s? st? ???s? ??? ???? t??
e??a??µe??? st??? ???, ?ste ?a ?????? ?a???
???ste?
??? e??µ???s? ?a? e?a?s??t?p???s? t?? p???t?? ?a?
t?? ep??e???se?? ???e d?µ?? st?? ???s? t?? ????
?p??es???

???te???µe?e? ???se??
39
???pt??? a????p???? p???? (2/2)

(s????e?a)
??? stad?a?? s?st?µat??? a?aß??µ?s? t??
de???t?t?? ???? t?? ???st??, ?ste ?? ??e?
te???????e? ?a? t? ??ad??t?? µp????? ?a ??????
e????sta e??a?e?a ?a? ?a ß????s??? st??
?a??µe???? t??? e??as?a
??? a????t? d????s? ?a? d?a?e???s? t??
p????f???a?, µ??t??a s??e??as?a? ?a? a?ta??a???
?a??? p?a?t????
??? a???p???s? t?? ?p? d?aµ??f?s? d?µ?s???
?p?d?µ??.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
40
S??t???sµ?? (1/2)

? S??t???sµ?? t?? eµp?e??µ???? f????? d?µ?s???
?a? ?d??t???? t?µ?a ?a? ? s??????a µe ?f?st?µe?e?
pa??????e? ? s?µp????µat???? d??se??
?????t?s? ?a? p?????s? t?? st?at?????? ??a t??
???????a t?? G??s??, t?? ???pt????, ?a? t??
e??µe??a? µe ???s? ???
?p?st????? st?? a????s? ?a? a???p???s? t??
d?e?????, e?????? ?a? t?p???? eµpe???a?.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
41
S??t???sµ?? (2/2)

(s????e?a)
???de??? ?a? p??ß??? p??t?ß?????? ?a? ?a???
p?a?t???? d?µ?? ?a? ?????t?t??, t?p???? e??se??,
d?µ?t????, d?ad?µ?t???? eta??e???, ??p.
??????s? s??e??as??? ?a? d?e??????s? p??t?ß??????
d?µ?? ?a? ?????t?t??, t?p???? e??se?? ?a?
d?µ?t???? - d?ad?µ?t???? eta?????
??????s? ?a? s??t???sµ?? ???? d??se??, p??sf???
?p??es??? ?a? te??????s?a? st?? t?p???
a?t?d?????s? ?a? st? d?µ?s?a d?????s?

???te???µe?e? ???se??
42
???te???µe?? ?p??e???µat??? S??d??
???S??S ??S ??F????S ??
?????S??S
?p?µ??f?s?
????????S
???????S
???te???µe?e? ???se??
43
???s? A ?p?d?µ??

?e???aµß????ta? ??e? t?? d??se?? s?et??? µe t??
a??pt??? t?? apa?a?t?t?? ?p?d?µ?? ??? ??a t??
a??pt??? t?? ??f?a??? ?? ?a? ?p?st????? t??
?p??e???µat???? S?ed???. ?? ?p?d?µ?? ???
ap?te???? t? ?a?????a??? t?? ??f?a??? ??.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
44
???s? B ?p??es?e?

? ??f?a?? ?? est???eta? se µ?a ???????a t??
????t?? p??sß?s?µ? ??a ????? ?a? ep??e?t???eta?
st?? p??a???? t?? d?µ???at???? ?e?t?????a? ?a?
t?? d?af??e?a? ?a? t?? ße?t??s? t?? e??p???t?s??
t?? p???t?? ?a? t?? ep??e???se??. ? a??pt???
p????f???a???, p???t?sµ???? ?a? e?pa?de?t????
pe??e??µ???? ?d??e? se µe???? ßa?µ? ?a? st??
a??pt??? t?? ?d?a? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
45
???s? G ????t????

?e???aµß????ta? ?? apa?a?t?te? p???t???? ??
?p??e? ?a e?asfa??s??? t?? s??t???sµ? t??
eµp?e??µ???? f????? d?µ?s??? ?a? ?d??t???? t?µ?a
?a? ? s??????a µe ?f?st?µe?e? pa??????e? ?
s?µp????µat???? d??se??. ?? ?at?????e? p???t????
e??a? a?t?? ?? ?p??e? ?a s?µß????? st??
a???p???s? t?? ap?te?esµ?t?? t?? ????? d??se??
?a? ?a ?d???s??? st?? ?????t?s? ?a? p?????s? t??
??f?a??? ?? µe?????ta? t? ??f?a?? ??sµa.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
46
???s? ? ?p?µ??f?s?

? e?s???????sµ?? t?? t?p???? a?t?d?????s?? ?a? ?
d?µ??????a ??f?a??? ?? de? µp??e? pa?? ?a
st?????e? st? a????p??? d??aµ??? t?? t?p????
a?t?d?????s?? µ?sa ap? t?? ?at??t?s? ?a?
ep?µ??f?s? t?? e? e?e??e?a ?pa?????? se ??µata
??????s??, d?????s?? ?a? p????f??????.

???te???µe?e? ???se??
47
????t???? ??f?a??? ??

???p???t?s? t?? p???t?
?e??s? t?? ??f?a??? ??sµat?? ?a? ?p??t?s?
de???t?t??
??µ?s?a ??a?? (??e??e?? ????sµ??? / ????sµ???
?????t?? ??d??a, ??????????t?ta, F?sµa,
?e??e??µe??)
F????? f???t?? ?/? ??a µa??t??
???s??s? ?p??e???µat???t?ta?
??f?a?? ?e??ß?????

???te???µe?e? ???se??
48

???????a t?? ?????f???a?

????p? ????da - ?ess???a

? ????? t?? ??p???? ??t?d?????s??

S?µe?a ??e?d?? t?? St?at??????

???te???µe?e? ???se??

??ap?st?se??

???t?se??

49
?????S?OS??S (1/3)

??t? p?? ??e???eta? s?µe?a e??a? ? ep?t????s?
t?? ???µ??, ? µe?a??te?? s??e?d?t?p???s? t??
p?a?µat???? d??at?t?t?? p?? p??sf????? ?? ??? ??a
t? ße?t??s? t?? d???e??? t?? d?µ??, t??
?e?t?????a? t??? ?a? t?? ap?f?se?? t???,
??a t?? ?a??te?? e??p???t?s? t?? d?µ?t?? ?a? t??
ep??e???se?? p?? d?ast????p?????ta? st?? pe?????
???e d?µ??,
??a t? µe?a??te?? eµp???? t?? d?µ?t?? sta t?p???
d??µe?a ?a? st?? e?d???µ?s? ????? t??? st?
d?aµ??f?s? ?a? t?? ??e??? t?? ap?f?se?? p?? t???
af?????, ?a? t????
st?? t?p??? a??pt??? µe t? d?aµ??f?s? ????
e??a????? ??a t?? p?????s? d?ast????t?t?? ?a?
ep??e???µat???? p??t?ß?????? se ???e t?p? ?a? t?
d?µ??????a ???? ??se?? apas????s?? µe t?
d?µ???????? a???p???s? ?d??? t?? ???? a????p??
p?? µp?????, ?ts?, ?a µe???? st?? t?p? t???, ?a
p??sf????? d?µ????????, ????? ?a ??s??? t??
epaf? t??? µe t?? s??????e? te?????????? ?a?
???e? e?e???e??.

??ap?st?se??
50
?????S?OS??S (2/3)

?pa?te?ta? µ?a ?a?? µe?et?µ??? ?a? d?µ?µ???
st?at????? µet?ßas?? ap? t? s?µe???? ?at?stas?
st?? ep?d????µe??, e??? ??e?t??????? d?µ??, p??
?a p??pe? ?a efa?µ?ste? µe ep?µ??? ?a? s??e??
?µp?a?t? d?sµe?s? ???? t?? e?d?afe??µ????
?? ??t??µe?? e??a? ? ße?t??s? t?? ?e?t?????a?
t?? d?µ??, ? a??pt??? t?? s?µµet???? t?? p???t??
?a? ? t?p??? ??????µ??? a??pt???, ??a ta ?p??a ??
??? ap?te???? ßas??? µ?s?. ?p?µ????, ?
??e?t?????? d?a??ß????s? e??a? ??s?ast???
ap?te?esµat???te?? ?a? ap?d?t???te??
d?a??ß????s?. ? ??e?t?????? d?µ???at?a e??a?
p??ta ap? ??a a?aßa?µ?sµ??? d?µ???at?a.

??ap?st?se??
51
?????S?OS??S (3/3)

? ?e???????a e??a? t? µ?s? ?a? ??? a?t?s??p??.
? ???????a t?? ?????f???a? e??a? p??ta ?a? p???
ap???a ???????a. ?e? e??a? ???t?? ?a? ????sµ???
p?? ap??? ta f?te???µe st?? d?µ?.
?e? e??a? ap?? ?????sµa ?????.
???a? p??? ap???a a????p??a d??t?a. ? ???st?? t??
te???????a? (d?µ?t??, ep??e???s?, t?p???? f???a?,
e??a??µe??? st?? d?µ?, a??et??), p??pe? ?a
ß??s?eta? st? ep??e?t?? µ?a? st?at??????
a???p???s?? t?? ???.
??a ta ???a ?p??ta?.

??ap?st?se??
52