Jupiter

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Chapter 12

• Jupiter
• Giant of the Solar System

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Jupiter is large!(Grosse, mucho grande)

• Colossal
• Gargantuan
• If it were 80 X larger it would be a ..?
• 1000x larger than Earth
• 2.5 times larger than all the other planets
  combined the Earth

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• Composed of mostly Hydrogen and Helium
• Huge gravity holds the light elements from
  escaping
• Hydrogen exists in all three of its states
  (solid, liquid, and gas) You would not fly right
  through the center of it.

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Composition of Jupiter
molten solid core of silicates 10X hotter
than the Earths core
metallic hydrogen layer (at 2 mill. atms,
protons and e- conduct)
outer atmosphere hydrogen and helium gas
liquid hydrogen
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Why hasnt Jupiters hydrogen escaped?

• Gravity
• Smaller planets cannot hold the light fast gas!

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Magnetic Field Extension
http//www.astro.psu.edu/users/niel/astro1/slidesh
ows/class39/slides-39.html
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Other Notable facts about Jupiter

• It has a solar day of about 10 hours
• The red spot is a giant storm a few degrees
  cooler than surrounding atmosphere. It is 300
  year old.
• It sticks above the surface a few kilometers
• It turns/rotates once every 7 days
• alternating convection currents cause the
  alternating cloud bands and jet streams

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Jupiter

• Jupiter has cyclones caused by differential
  rotation.
• e.g. The Great Red Spot

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Jupiter

• BELTS.. reddish colored
• ZONES..light-colored

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Jupiter has Rings

• Jupiter's rings were first found by the Voyager 1
  spacecraft in 1979.

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• Jupiter has a thin ice ring.

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Another picture of Jupiter's Rings

• They are very small particles.
• ...The rings are smaller than Saturns
• ...because Jupiter is closer to the Sun and most
  particles have shrunk or melted.

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• Galilean Satellites
• Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto

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Galilean Moons of Jupiter in order of distance
from Jupiter

• I
• Eat
• Green
• Cats
• Jupiter has a total of ___ moons.

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Io
Io

• Probably the smelliest moon in the solar system
  (sulfur volcanoes)
• Io is still geologically active.

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• Io has lots of sulfur volcanoes caused by tidal
  forces from Jupiter.

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Europa

• Europa is the ice moon. It has a cracked shell
  of ice that may contain life and liquid water
  beneath the ice.
• The tidal forces from Jupiters gravity keep the
  interior warm.
• The brown cracks on the surface may be evidence
  of organic life underneath!

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• Europa has a fractured ice surface and perhaps
  has an oxygen atmosphere.

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Ganymede

• Ganymede is the largest moon of Jupiter
• It is the largest moon in the solar system. I
  think it is larger than Mercury and Pluto.
• May also have water and life.

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• Ganymede is the largest satellite in the solar
  system and has a thick mantle of ice.

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• Callisto is a dark icy world with numerous impact
  craters.

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Conclusion of Galilean Moons
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Jupiter

• Several space probes have imaged Jupiter and its
  moons.
• Voyager 1
• Voyager 2
• Galileo spacecraft