BME 273 Senior Design Project Group 25

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BME 273Senior Design ProjectGroup 25MEMs in
the Market
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Problem

• Drug companies demand a MEMs device that allows
  mobile, On-Chip drug testing, but at this point,
  that demand has not been met

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Business Strategy

• Objective Developing a strategy to market this
  BioMEMS device to major drug companies
• Customer Major drug development and drug
  delivery companies

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Market Potential
Microfluidics/LOC revenue forecasts 2004-2012

• Worldwide MEMS market estimate
•      (in billions of )                  
    2003    3.85           2004    4.5        
    2005    5.4           2006    6.2        
    2007    7
• Source Yole Development

            2005 forecast MEMS markets by sector
                         Automotive  41    
        Telecom     29             Bio-med  
  16             Military     3          
  Other       11                      
 Source Peripheral Research Corp, Santa Barbara,
Calif.
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Corporate Environment
Microfluidics/LOC competitive market share, 2004
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Market Drivers

• Cost efficiency
• Currently, 400-800 million and 10 years per drug
• Reduced sample size ? Lowers cost by decreasing
  reagent and labor usage
• lt1 per BioMEMS chip
• Scale up the number of cell cultures per
  experiment
• Higher speed ? faster experiments
• Greater control and modularity
• Portable experimentation
• Reduction of human error

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Market Barriers

• Government regulation of medical devices
• Class I device regulated by FDA
• Lack of a BioMEMS technological standard
• Replacing old systems with new technologies
• Reluctance from conservative pharm. companies
• Scaling up production of prototypes
• Many possible manufacturing problems

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Device Construction

• Objective Our primary objective is to create a
  MEMs On-Chip dual cell culture device at the
  pico-liter volume scale that allows for automated
  cell culturing and sensing for the testing of
  drugs and other perfused substances.

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Goals

• Primary goal
• Create two cell cultures, each 720 pico-liter
  volumes, on one chip according to previous
  specifications
• Show that these cell cultures allow for cells to
  retain life during experiments
• Secondary goals
• Create On-Chip sensors that allow us to sense the
  metabolism/response of cells to different stimuli
  (i.e., drugs)

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Solution Original

• Dual cell design with two waste channels to allow
  independent experiments
• Dual pressure gauges to allow closure of entrance
  and exit channels for cell capturing
• Checkerboard cell culture to capture cells in
  troughs

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Solution

• This is the mask for the primary experiment.
  Alterations to original drawing due to channel
  flow restrictions and MEMS practicality
• Dimensions
• Cell culture
• 600 nm x 600 nm
• Perfusion Channels
• Maximum
• 30 nm
• Minimum
• 10 nm

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Solution Continued

• These are the pressure values that will be placed
  on the layer above the channels to allow for air
  pressure to shut off specified channels on demand
• Fabricated separately onto a different layer

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Products thus far

• Mask delivered
• Primary device created
• Next step Show cell viability

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Devices Used
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Solution

• Secondary Design

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Solution

• Experimental Methods
• Load cells into device
• Begin perfusion
• Wait 24 hrs., 48 hrs., etc.
• At different times periods test cell viability
  via fluorescence
• Test fluorescence via imaging

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Materials

• Polydimethlysiloxane (PDMS)
• Negative Resist (SU-8)
• Silicon Wafers
• MEMS laboratory
• 8 mm masks
• Platinum (working electrodes)
• Silver (reference Ag/AgCl electrodes)

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Fabrication Steps

• Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using
  mask, and develop lower region for cell insertion
  and perfusion.
• Cast PDMS replica of master
• Lay down SU-8 on silicon wafer, expose using
  mask, and develop upper region for pneumatic
  control of cell insertion channels.
• Cast PDMS replica of master and then lay over top
  of lower region

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References

• Fabrication of miniature Clark oxygen sensor
  integrated with microstructure
• Ching-Chou Wu, Tomoyuki Yasukawa, Hitoshi Shiku,
  Tomokazu Matsue
• A BioMEMS Review MEMS Technology for
  Physiologically Integrated Devices
• AMY C. RICHARDS GRAYSON, REBECCA S. SHAWGO,
  AUDREY M. JOHNSON, NOLAN T. FLYNN, YAWEN LI,
  MICHAEL J. CIMA, AND ROBERT LANGER
• Bouchaud, Jeremie. BioMEMS high potential but
  also highly challenging. Wicht Technology
  Consulting, Munich. 21 February 2006.
• Clark, Lauren. BioMEMS Mini Medical Devices
  with Major Market Potential. MIT Deshpande
  Center Ignition Forum. 8 December 2003.
  http//web.mit.edu/deshpandecenter
• Allan, Roger. BioMEMS Making Huge Inroads Into
  Medical Market. Electronic Design. 16 June
  2003. http//www.elecdesign.com/Articles/Index.cf
  m?AD1AD1ArticleID5050
• Brown, Chappell. Chip Makers Looking at
  BioMEMS. EE Times Online. 27 March 2003.
  http//www.eet.com/story/OEG20030327S0019