ISYS 363 Information Systems for Management

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ISYS 363 Information Systems for Management

• David Chao

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A Technology NewsBay Area Apartment Complex To
DNA Print Dog Wastehttp//news.yahoo.com/blogs/
san-francisco/bay-area-apartment-complex-dna-print
-dog-waste-150618123.html

• A Redwood City apartment complex expects to be
  the first in the Bay Area to "DNA print" the
  solid waste from pets as a high-tech solution to
  the age-old and often gross dilemma of owners who
  refuse to curb their dogs.

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Wireless Parking San Francisco

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vyVq9pdam14M

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PGE Smart MeterWireless Communication

• http//www.pge.com/smartmeter/
• Energy Alerts
• let you know when youre moving into
  higher-priced electric tiers so you can manage
  your energy use and save.
• Understanding your electric charges
• http//www.pge.com/myhome/myaccount/charges/
• Track energy use online
• http//www.pge.com/myhome/myaccount/myaccount/syp-
  myaccount/

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Information Technology

• Support day-to-day business operations
• Create new way of doing business
• Example
• Making reservations
• United Airelines- http//www.united.com/
• Select your seats
• Web check-In
• Mobile check-in with web-enabled mobile phones
• http//www.cathaypacific.com/cpa/en_INTL/manageyou
  rtrip/mobileservices/mobilecheckin
• Save your check-in confirmation with the barcode
  on your mobile device

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Mobile Banking

• Mobile banking (M-Banking) is a term used for
  performing balance checks, account transactions,
  payments, credit applications and other banking
  transactions through a mobile device such as a
  mobile phone or Personal Digital Assistant (PDA).
  
• Bank of America http//www.bankofamerica.com/onli
  nebanking/index.cfm?statecheckCAcontextenlocal
  etemplatemobile_banking
• US Bank
• http//www.usbank.com/mobile/index.html

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Technology Life Cycle

• Problem
• Solution
• Service
• Competition
• Yahoo Map vs Google Map
• Google search vs Bing.com
• Obsolete

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Digital Entrepreneur

• People who develop new technologies.
• Search engines, map, browser, etc.
• People who use the technologies innovatively.
• Most popular iPhone applications
• http//www.apple.com/webapps/index.html
• Twitter applications
• http//www.techcrunch.com/2009/02/19/the-top-20-tw
  itter-applications/

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Why study information systems?

• An end-user perspective
• Enhance personal productivity, and the
  productivity of their work groups and department.
• Increase your opportunities for success
• be aware of the management problems and
  opportunities presented by the information
  technology.

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Why study information systems?

• An enterprise perspective Information systems
  play a vital role in the success of an
  enterprise.
• Efficient operations
• Effective management
• Competitive advantage

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Business Are Becoming Internetworked Enterprises

• The internet and Internet-like networks
  (intranets and extranets) have become the primary
  information technology infrastructure that
  supports the business operations of many
  organizations.
• Electronic commerce
• The buying and selling, and marketing and
  servicing of products, services, and information
  over a variety of computer networks.
• Globalization
• Global markets, global production facilities,
  global partners, global competitors, global
  customers.

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The Role of Information Systems in Business Today
Information Technology Capital Investment
Information technology investment, defined as
hardware, software, and communications equipment,
grew from 34 to 50 between 1980 and
2004.Source Based on data in U.S. Department of
Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis, National
Income and Product Accounts, 2006.
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Techies might finally be able to move into top
management

• More Chief Information Officers (CIOs) are
  reporting directly to CEOs.
• More CIOs are being included on management
  committees.
• In a recent survey of executives at capital
  market firms, 89 believed that technology
  managers would assume greater responsibilities.

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Geek-Suithttp//www.nri.co.jp/english/opinion/pap
ers/2009/pdf/np2009143.pdf
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Course Introduction

• IT Introduction to information technology
• Computer hardware, software, network
• IT management
• IS Introduction to information systems
• Information system components
• Types of information systems
• PC personal computing
• Advanced spreadsheet techniques in decision
  support.
• Introduction to database and database application
  development
• Internet techniques

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What is Information Technology?

• A term used to refer to a wide variety of items
  and abilities used in the creation, storage, and
  dispersal of data, information and knowledge.
• Data Raw facts, figures, and details.
• Numerical, text, multimedia
• Information An organized, meaningful, and useful
  interpretation of data.
• Knowledge Insight of a subject matter.

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Data and Information
Raw data from a supermarket checkout counter can
be processed and organized to produce meaningful
information, such as the total unit sales of dish
detergent or the total sales revenue from dish
detergent for a specific store or sales territory.
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Hardware

• Input devices
• CPU and primary storage
• RAM - temporary storage
• Processor
• Control Unit - decoder
• Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)
• Output devices
• Secondary storage devices
• Communication devices

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Computer System Concept
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Types of Computer Systems

• Micro/Minicomputers
• Personal computing, workstation,network server.
• Departmental and workgroup systems, network
  server, workstation.
• Mainframes
• Speed MIPS million instructions per second
• 26 MIPS to about 17,801 MIPS
• Enterprisewide systems
• for organizations have to deal with huge amounts
  of data. Giga-record or tera-record files are not
  unusual.
• Data mining and warehousing
• Supercomputers
• Speed Floating-point operations per second
• 20 peta flops
• Supercomputers are often purpose-built for one or
  a very few specific institutional tasks (E.g.
  Simulation and Modeling).
• Scientific calculations
• Networked computer systems
• WAN, LAN, PAN

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Personal Area Network

• A personal area network (PAN) is a computer
  network used for communication among computer
  devices (including telephones and personal
  digital assistants) close to one person. The
  devices may or may not belong to the person in
  question. The reach of a PAN is typically a few
  meters.
• BlueTooth It is an industrial specification for
  wireless PANs. Bluetooth provides a way to
  connect and exchange information between devices
  such as mobile phones, laptops, PCs, printers,
  digital cameras and video game consoles via a
  short-range radio frequency.

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Bluetooth Applications

• http//www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p24
  243

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Storage Device

• RAID (Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive Disks)
• Arrays of disk drives that provides a fault
  tolerant capability by storing multiple copies of
  data on several disks.
• Mirroring

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Storage Network

• Storage Area Network, SAN
• A storage area network is an architecture to
  attach remote computer storage devices to
  servers in such a way that the devices appear as
  locally attached to the operating system.

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Data Center

• A data center is a facility used to house
  computer systems and associated components, such
  as telecommunications and storage systems.
• Modular Data Center
• Data Center Containers
• Google http//www.youtube.com/watch?vzRwPSFpLX8I
  
• Microsoft http//www.youtube.com/watch?vPPnoKb9f
  TkA

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Where to put data center?

• The cost of electric power, labor, taxes, natural
  disasters and land are key factors when choosing
  a data center location.
• http//www.computerworld.com/s/article/300809/Low_
  Cost_Locations?taxonomyId155intsrckc_feattaxon
  omyNameservers
• http//news.idg.no/cw/art.cfm?id6ECF9E56-17A4-0F7
  8-31EAB0750688E73E
• http//www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p41
  7091

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Radio Frequency Identification

• RFID is a system for tagging and identifying
  objects.
• Antenna to send and receive signals.
• RFID reader
• Applications
• An alternative to bar code
• Supermarket
• Tracking objects

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RFID
AN RFID tag is small compared to current bar-code
labels.
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A few interesting RFID applications

• RFID tags help you to choose clothes
• http//blogs.zdnet.com/emergingtech/?p719
• Ford embeds RFID tech into new trucks and vans
• http//www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?com
  mandviewArticleBasicarticleId9061580intsrchm_
  list
• Digital watermark to prevent counterfeit
• http//www.industryweek.com/articles/new_rfid_devi
  ce_helps_fight_counterfeiting_15439.aspx

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Software

• System software
• Operating system
• Application software
• Universitys registration system
• Application development software

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Operating system functions

• User interface
• Resource management (managing hardware)
• Task management (managing the accomplishment of
  tasks)
• File management (managing data and program files)
• Utilities (providing a variety of supporting
  services)

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Current Operating Systems (continued)
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Todays Operating Systems

• Personal computers
• IBM PC compatible
• Microsoft windows, Unix-like systems such as
  Linux.
• Apple Macintosh
• Mac OS X, Linux
• Workgroup computers
• MS Windows Server, Mac OS X Server, Linux.
  Solaris
• Mainframe computers
• IBM z/OS, Linux

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Linux and Open Source

• A Linux system is sometimes referred to as
  GNU/Linux.
• GNU free software
• Linux has been more widely ported to different
  computing platforms than any other operating
  system.
• Linux is the most prominent example of free
  software and of open source development. Its
  underlying source code is available for anyone to
  use, modify, and redistribute freely, and in some
  instances the entire operating system consists of
  free/open source software.

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Free Software http//www.gnu.org/

• Free software is a matter of liberty, not
  price. To understand the concept, you should
  think of free as in free speech, not as in
  free beer.
• Free software is a matter of the users' freedom
  to run, copy, distribute, study, change and
  improve the software. More precisely, it refers
  to four kinds of freedom, for the users of the
  software
• The freedom to run the program, for any purpose
  (freedom 0).
• The freedom to study how the program works, and
  adapt it to your needs (freedom 1). Access to the
  source code is a precondition for this.
• The freedom to redistribute copies so you can
  help your neighbor (freedom 2).
• The freedom to improve the program, and release
  your improvements to the public, so that the
  whole community benefits (freedom 3). Access to
  the source code is a precondition for this.

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Operating Systems for Mobile Devices

• Mobile devices
• Pocket PC/PDA
• Smartphones
• Portable media center
• Smartphone Operating systems, the most important
  software in any smartphone http//communication.h
  owstuffworks.com/smartphone2.htm
• Windows Mobile, Windows CE
• Palm OS
• Symbian OS for Nokia
• iOS for iPhone/iPad
• Android for Google phone

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Virtualization

• Virtualization is a technology that makes it
  possible to run multiple operating systems and
  multiple applications on the same computer at the
  same time, increasing the utilization and
  flexibility of hardware.
• Average server utilization rate 10
• Reduce costs
• Green computing
• A virtual machine is a software container that
  can run its own operating systems and
  applications as if it were a physical computer. A
  virtual machine behaves exactly like a physical
  computer and contains its own virtual (ie,
  software-based) CPU, RAM hard disk and network
  interface card (NIC). An operating system cant
  tell the difference between a virtual machine and
  a physical machine, nor can applications or other
  computers on a network.
• Vendors VMware, Parallels, etc.

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Application development software

• Low level language
• High level language
• third generation
• fourth generation
• Word processing, desktop publishing, spreadsheet,
  database management, graphic presentation, etc.
• MS Office
• OpenOffice.Org
• http//www.openoffice.org/

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A compiler translates a complete program into a
set of binary instructions that the CPU can
execute
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Object-oriented development tools

• Graphical user interface
• Component programming
• Event-driven programming
• Code generator/Wizard
• Object example
• Excels cell, chart
• Object-oriented tool example
• VB.Net
• Java

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Portability Java Write Once Run Anywhere
Java Byte Code
Java Source Code
Java Virtual Machine (JVM)
Java Byte Code (Intermediate Code)
Executable Code
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Microsofts .Net

• Language must compliance with Common Language
  Specification, CLS.
• Compile the language into Microsoft Intermediate
  Language (MSIL) code.
• The MSIL code is then executed in the Common
  Language Runtime (CLR), which conceptually is
  same as the JVM, where it is translated into
  machine code by a compiler.
• Microsoft .Net is a server-side technology. It
  runs on any servers that implement the .Net
  system.

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Software as a Service, SaaS

• SaaS is a model of software deployment where an
  application is hosted as a service provided to
  customers across the Internet.
• SaaS alleviates the customer's burden of software
  maintenance, ongoing operation, and support.
• no upfront investment in software development
• Conversely, customers relinquish control over
  software versions or changing requirements
• Costs to use the service become a continuous
  expense, rather than a single expense at time of
  purchase.

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What is cloud computing?

• Cloud computing is a style of computing in which
  computing resources are provided as a service
  over the Internet. Users need not have knowledge
  of, expertise in, or control over the technology
  infrastructure in the "cloud" that supports them.
• Video http//www.youtube.com/watch?vae_DKNwK_ms
  eurlhttp3A2F2Fpardalis.squarespace.com2Ffeat
  ureplayer_embedded

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Companies Offer SaaS

• SalesForce.com
• http//www.salesforce.com/
• Workday
• http//www.workday.com/index.php
• Google Docs
• Demo http//www.google.com/apps/intl/en/business/
  collaboration.htmldocs
• Login docs.google.com
• Microsoft WindowsLive
• https//login.live.com/
• SkyDrive

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Examples of Cloud Computing

• SaaS
• Utility computingCompanies such as Amazon.com,
  Sun, and IBM, now offer storage and virtual
  servers that others can access on demand.
• Platform as a service, PaaSThis form of cloud
  computing delivers development environments as a
  service. You build your own applications that
  run on the provider's infrastructure and are
  delivered to your users via the Internet from the
  provider's servers.
• Mainframe, Linux, Windows Server, etc.
• Service commerce platforms software personal
  assistant.This cloud computing offers a service
  hub that users interact with http//www.reardenco
  mmerce.com/

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Who owns the data?

• Privacy http//venturebeat.com/2009/02/17/is-face
  book-really-using-its-new-terms-of-service-to-own-
  your-data/
• Facebook introduced a new terms of service
  agreement in Feb. 09
• You hereby grant Facebook an irrevocable,
  perpetual, non-exclusive, transferable, fully
  paid, worldwide license (with the right to
  sublicense) to (a) use, copy, publish, stream,
  store, retain, publicly perform or display,
  transmit, scan, reformat, modify, edit, ..
• Security http//www.ecommercetimes.com/story/Pinn
  ing-Down-Enterprise-Data-Security-in-the-Cloud-670
  93.html?wlc1252360837
• Top reasons why big businesses are reluctant to
  adopt SaaS http//www.executivebrief.com/blogs/t
  he-pros-and-cons-of-saas-part-2/

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IT and New Business Model

• New products, services, and business models
• Business model describes how company produces,
  delivers, and sells product or service to create
  wealth
• Information systems and technology a major
  enabling tool for new products, services,
  business models
• E.g. Netflixs Internet-based DVD rentals