Chapter 13 Review

1
Chapter 13 Review
2
Atomic Models

• The first model of the atom showing electrons was
  developed by JJ Thomson. What did he call his
  model?
• The Plum Pudding Model

3
Atomic Models

• Rutherfords model of the atom included a
  ________.
• nucleus

4
Atomic Models

• The Bohr Model was the first model that showed
  the electrons located in ________ ________.
• energy levels

5
Atomic Models

• Energy levels on a Bohr model are like _______ of
  a __________.
• steps of a ladder

6
Atomic Energy

• A ___________ is the amount of energy required to
  move from one energy level to the next.
• quantum

7
Atomic Energy

• What do electrons usually release when going from
  the excited state back to the ground state?
• photons

8
Atomic Models

• What is the most current model of the atom
  called?
• Quantum Mechanical Model

9
Atomic Models

• The Quantum Mechanical Model is based on whos
  equations?
• Erwin Schrodinger

10
Atomic Sublevels

• How many sublevels are in energy level 1?
• 1 sublevel (s)

11
Atomic Sublevels

• How many sublevels are in energy level 2?
• 2 sublevels (s,p)

12
Atomic Sublevels

• How many sublevels are in energy level 3?
• 3 sublevels (s,p,d)

13
Atomic Sublevels

• How many sublevels are in energy level 4?
• 4 sublevels (s,p,d,f)

14
Atomic Orbitals

• List the 4 sublevels in order of lowest energy to
  highest energy.
• s, p, d f

15
Atomic Orbitals

• How many orbitals are in the s sublevel?
• 1 orbital

16
Atomic Orbitals

• How many electrons are in the s sublevel?
• 2 electrons
• each orbital holds 2 electrons

17
Atomic Orbitals

• How many orbitals are in the p sublevel?
• 3 orbitals

18
Atomic Orbitals

• How many electrons are in the p sublevel?
• 6 electrons

19
Atomic Orbitals

• How many orbitals are in the d sublevel?
• 5 orbitals

20
Atomic Orbitals

• How many electrons are in the d sublevel?
• 10 electrons

21
Atomic Orbitals

• How many orbitals are in the f sublevel?
• 7 orbital

22
Atomic Orbitals

• How many electrons are in the f sublevel?
• 14 electrons

23
Atomic Orbitals

• What is the shape of the s orbital?
• sphere

24
Atomic Orbitals

• What is the shape of the p orbital?
• dumb bell

25
Atomic Orbitals

• What is the shape of the d orbital?
• cloverleaf

26
Energy Levels

• How many electrons can go in energy level 1?
• 2 electrons (s)

27
Energy Levels

• How many electrons can go in energy level 2?
• 8 electrons (s,p)

28
Energy Levels

• How many electrons can go in energy level 3?
• 18 electrons (s,p,d)

29
Energy Levels

• How many electrons can go in energy level 4?
• 32 electrons (s,p,d,f)

30
Electron Configurations

• __________ ___________ states that electrons
  enter orbitals of lowest energy first.
• Aufbau Principle

31
Electron Configurations

• __________ _________ __________ states that
  only 2 electrons can occupy an orbital and they
  must have opposite spins.
• Paulis Exclusion Principle

32
Electron Configurations

• ___________ __________ states that electrons
  fill all orbitals of the same energy before
  putting 2 electrons in the same orbital.
• Hunds Rule

33
Electron Configurations

• What does the 3 in 3d10 tell you?
• the energy level

34
Electron Configurations

• What does the d in 3d10 tell you?
• the sublevel

35
Electron Configurations

• What does the 10 in 3d10 tell you?
• the number of electrons

36
Electron Configurations

• An atom is said to have an ________ when it has 8
  electrons in its last energy level.
• octet

37
Electron Configurations

• Write the electron configuration for phosphorus.
• 1s22s22p63s23p3

38
Electron Configurations

• Write the electron configuration for Iron.
• 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6

39
Electron Configurations

• Write the electron configuration for bromine.
• 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p5

40
Electron Configurations

• What are the 2 exceptions when writing electron
  configurations?
• Chromium and Copper

41
Electron Configurations

• Write the electron configuration for chromium.
• 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d5

42
Electron Configurations

• Write the electron configuration for copper.
• 1s22s22p63s23p64s13d10

43
Energy Levels

• What is the highest energy level for Chlorine?
• 3rd (its in period 3)

44
Energy Levels

• What is the highest energy level for Gold?
• 6th (its in period 6)

45
Orbital Notation

• Draw the orbital notation for Iron.
• see additional diagram