Federalist Party Review

1
Federalist Party Review
PROS
CONS

• EXPANSION OF FEDERAL POWER
• CABINET
• WHISKEY REBELLION
• JUDICIARY ACT OF 1789
• AVOIDANCE OF WAR WITH FRANCE AND BRITAIN
• JAY TREATY
• PINCKNEY TREATY
• XYZ AFFAIR
• SECURE AMERICAN CURRENCY
• BANK OF U.S.
• ASSUMPTION ACT
• FUNDING BILL
• PRECEDENTS SET
• 2 TERM PRESIDENT
• SENATE/PRES. RELATIONS

• LIMITING INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS
• ALIEN AND SEDITION ACTS
• USE OF TROOPS IN WHISKEY REBELLION
• FEAR OF GOVERNMENT TOO STRONG
• UNDECLARED WAR ON FRANCE
• WHISKEY REBELLION
• PRO-ENGLISH STANCE
• MIDNIGHT JUDGES

2
Jeffersons Presidency

• 1801 to 1809
• Born in Virginia
• b. April 13, 1743
• d. July 4, 1826

3
Quick Review (Dont Write)

• ELECTED 1800 IN PEACEFUL REVOLUTION-PEACEFUL
  TRANSFER OF POWER IN A REPUBLIC
• TIE WITH AARON BURR IN ELECTORAL COLLEGE-HOUSE OF
  REPS. DECIDE ELECTION-HAMILTON SWAYS ELECTION IN
  JEFFERSONS FAVOR
• BRINGS ABOUT THE 12TH AMENDMENT-ELECT PRES. AND
  V.P. SEPARATELY

4
Review Jefferson (Dont Write)

• Leader of Republican party
• Wealthy Virginia Planter
• Active in the Virginia House of Burgesses and the
  Continental Congress
• Author of Declaration of Independence 1776, at
  age 33
• Opposed strong, centralized government and
  favored States Rights
• Served as minister to France during the French
  Revolution
• Served as 2nd Vice President under John Adams.
• This was due to a Constitutional Flaw, Jefferson
  lost the Presidential election to Adams and was
  made V.P.
• 3rd President of the United States

5
Jeffersons Philosophy

• LAISSEZ-FAIRE
• PEOPLE ORIENTED
• FEDERALISTS FEARED MIGHT UNDO FORM OF GOVERNMENT

But every difference of opinion is not a
difference of principle. We have called by
different names brethren of the same principle.
We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists.
6
Jeffersons Changes to Government

• Cut Government spending
• Reduced the size of the Army.
• Stopped planned expansion of the Navy.
• Reduced taxes and cut spending on government
  functions.

7
Judiciary Changes

• Opposed to Alien and Sedition Acts,
• Jefferson pardoned those convicted of sedition
  and returned their fines with interest
• Sought to impeach or block some of the Midnight
  judges judges appointed by Adams just prior to
  his leaving office.
• 67 positions for Federal judges were created in
  the Judiciary Act of 1801. This act was rushed
  through the Federalist congress to increase their
  influence in the government.
• Marbury v. Madison (1803) Supreme Court case
  resulting in the process of Judicial Review

8
Foreign Affairs

• STILL NEED TRADE WITH BRITAIN AND FRANCE
• ENGLAND STARTS IMPRESSMENT OF SOLDIERS-
• TAKING AND MAKING THEM PART OF BRITISH NAVY
• EMBARGO ACT OF 1807-
• CUT OFF TRADE WITH BRITAIN-HURTS US MORE (to keep
  us out of war)
• WAR HAWKS EMERGE-DESIRE WAR WITH BRITAIN

9
Impressment (Do not write)

• British men of age were all subject to
  impressment into the British Navy.
• American sailors of British decent, naturalized
  citizens of the US, and native-born Americans
  were kidnapped and forced to serve in the British
  Navy.
• About 10,000 American
• citizens were taken by the
• British.
• How would you feel if
• your brother or father was
• kidnapped and forced to
• serve another country?

10
Barbary Pirates

• AFRICAN COAST COUNTRIES REQUIRE U.S. SHIPS TO PAY
  TRIBUTE
• WE FIGHT 4 YEAR UNDECLARED WAR WITH TRIPOLI OVER
  FREEDOM OF SEAS

11
HMS Leopard vs. USS Chesapeake
12
USS Chesapeake Incident

• 1807 The USS Chesapeake is attacked in
  international waters near Norfolk, Virginia by
  the British warship, HMS Leopard
• 3 sailors were killed and 18 wounded.
• How did the American public react?
• How did the American govt react?

13
Burr-Hamilton Duel

• Essex Junto small group of Federalists from MA
  drafted a plan to take New England out of the
  Unionconvinced VP Aaron Burr to run for Governor
• DUEL BECAUSE OF BURRS LOSS OF ELECTION OF
  1800(He was Vice-President)
• HAMILTON SHOT DEAD
• BURR BROUGHT TO TRIAL FOR TREASON LATER BECAUSE
  OF TALK OF SUCCESSION OF NEW YORK

14
Louisiana Purchase
15
Louisiana Purchase

• PURCHASED FROM FRANCE
• 15 MILLION
• NAPOLEAN TOOK A BATH
• DOUBLED THE SIZE OF U.S.
• PROBLEM FOR JEFFERSON?
• DID HE HAVE THE POWER TO DO THIS
• STRICT CONSTRUCTIONIST NOW PUSHES FOR LOOSE
  INTERPRETATION OF CONSTITUTION

16
Louisiana Purchase

• SECOND PROBLEM
• WHAT DID YOU BUY?
• SENT LEWIS AND CLARK TO EXPLORE (1803)
• SACAGAWEA
• INDIAN GUIDE AND INTERPRETER
• FOUND PATH TO PACIFIC OCEAN
• LAID CLAIM TO OREGON TERRITORY
• RECORD GEOGRAPHIC DATA
• ESTABLISH TRADING RELATIONS WITH NATIVE AMERICANS

17
What were the advantages and dis-advantages of
the Louisiana Purchase?

• Advantages
• More than doubled the size of the US.
• Provided new farmland and sources of raw
  materials
• Provided water routes for travel

• Disadvantages
• Increased amount of land America had to govern
  and defend in times of war.
• Increased Indian problems.

18
Meriwether LewisDo Not Write

• Personal secretary to Thomas Jefferson
• Age 30 at time of expedition
• Led about 50 soldiers and woodsmen on Jeffersons
  Corps of Discovery

19
William ClarkDo Not Write

• Former frontier Army Captain
• Appointed as co-commander of the Corps of
  Discovery
• Age 33 at time of expedition

20
The Route
The Route
21
SacajaweaDo Not Write
Wife of Charbonneau, a Shoshone interpreter and
guide who accompanied Lewis and Clark Established
friendly relations with the Shoshone, who
provided horses for the expedition
22
Why is the Lewis and Clark Expedition important?
Do Not Write

• Showed that overland travel in the West was
  possible.
• Led the way for settlers
• Strengthened US claims to the Oregon Territory
  and northwest coast
• Journals of the expedition are a great primary
  source for researching the Native Americans they
  encountered

23
Jeffersons Legacy

• Limited power of the Federal Government
• Acquired Louisiana Purchase