The Industrial Age

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The Industrial Age

• The Industrial Revolutions effects on science,
  communication, transportation, medicine,
  education, culture, and the arts.

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Electricity

• Michael Faraday
• Developed the dynamoelectric generator
• Powered by steam engine
• Used to power machines

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Advances in Technology
Thomas Edison

• Incandescent light bulb
• 1879
• (lasted 2 days)
• Phonograph
• Kinetoscope
• Menlo Park Lab
• 1000 patents

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Lamarcks Evolution
Living things changed their form due to their
environment
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Darwin
Survival of the FittestNatural Selection
Tree of lifeall things originate from one common
ancestorhumans evolved from animals.
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Effects of Darwinism

• Separated science and religionreinforced atheism
  agnosticism
• Social Darwinism--natural selection applied to
  society--Used as an argument for the necessity
  of poverty
• Racism
• Genocide
• Eugenics

Holocaust
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Fight Against Disease
Pasteurization heating liquids to prevent
bacteria and fermentation
Louis Pasteur
Anthrax and rabies vaccines
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Antiseptics Anesthesia

• Joseph Lister
• publishes Antiseptic Principle of the Practice
  of Surgery

• Long Morton
• "Gentlemen, this is no humbug.
• Ether is used as anesthesia

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Other medical developments

• Edward Jenner
• Smallpox vaccine
• 1796
• Robert Koch
• Discovers germs that cause tuberculosis Asiatic
  cholera
• 1882
• Aspirin Sulfa drugs
• Alexander Fleming
• Penicillin
• 1928

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Bacterial Diseases
Yellow Fever
Walter Reed
Diptheria
Cholera
Typhoid/ Salmonela
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Atomic Theory
Mendeleyevs classification of elements.
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Emigration

• Move to industrialized cities for jobs
• Travel was easier and safer
• Oppression (Armenian genocide by Muslims)
• Discrimination (Jews Slavs
• Economic hardship (Irish Potato Famine)
• Settle territories

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Shift to Cities
Cities are forced to deal with crowed streets,
sanitation issues, garbage, crime, etc.
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Move to the Suburbs
Public transportation, (like trolleys and trains)
and automobiles make it possible.
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Sanitation
Sewer systems and flushing toilets.
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Diet and Refrigeration
The first electric refrigerators.
Children with rickets (caused by a vitamin D
deficiency).
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Public Education

• Universal
• Compulsory
• Need for literate workers

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Womens Education

• Womens education movement is linked to the
  womens suffrage (vote) movement temperance

Emily Davies womens education advocate
suffragette.
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Leisure
theatre
baseball
basketball
Public Parks
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Freud Psychiatry

• Unconscious determines behavior
• Hypnotized patients
• couch therapy
• defense mechanisms
• Wanted to eliminate guilt
• Thought religion was a mental illness.
• Believed all forms of love were sexual in nature.

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Freud

•       Religion is an illusion and it derives
  its strength from the fact that it falls in with
  our instinctual desires.

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• What would be the results if one eliminated guilt?

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Effects of Freud

• Sexual Revolution
• Bad habits are defined as diseases
• One is not responsible for poor behavior
• Loss of faith

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Sociology Compte

• Road to discovering the external laws of human
  relationsone could then control humanity.

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War Correspondent Matthew Brady
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Capturing Poverty
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Realismstarts in France

• Artists dealt with reality
• Observe record
• Detailed ordinary life
• Social and economic themes
• Rejected the exotic and emotional
• Dismissed as ugly provocative crude by many

Pierre-Auguste Renoir Two Sisters 1881
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Naturalists
Focused on the ugly sordid parts of life.
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Tolstoy
George Eliot
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Impressionists
Tried to give vivid impressions of people and
places, paying close attention to light and color.
Monet
Woman with a Parasol 1875
Renoir
Luncheon of the Boating Party 1881
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Georges-Pierre Seurat A Sunday Afternoon on the
Isle of La Grande Jatte 1886
Edgar Degas The Rehearsal Onstage 1874
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Art for arts sake
Post impressionism to modern art Did not
require art to have purpose or even meaning. Art
becomes more abstract.
The Thinker Rodin 1880/1904
Van Gogh The Starry Night 1889