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Revolution

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... 1777 French become an official ally Valley Forge and the Battle of Monmouth Low on supplies during the winter of 1777-1778 1/3 of the soldiers were hungry and ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Revolution


1
Revolution
  • Chapter 7 The War Officially Begins. (Finally)

2
Goals chapter 7
  • Compare and contrast the British and American
    forces at the start of the Revolution
  • Identify the main reasons that the Continental
    Army was able to defeat the British
  • Identify major turning points battles and
    explain their significance
  • Identify certain figures and discuss their
    importance to either side during the war
  • Label a map of North America after the Treaty of
    Paris was signed and explain the significance of
    the treaty

3
Word Wall Words
  • Mercenaries
  • Hessians
  • Strategy
  • Ally
  • Beheld
  • Fumed
  • Maneuvering
  • Guerrillas
  • Solemn
  • Rabble
  • Contemptible
  • Treaty
  • Liberty Pole

4
Advantages
  • British
  • More soldiers
  • Recruited loyalist, African Americans, and Native
    Americans
  • Well trained and supplied soldiers
  • Patriots
  • Patriotism
  • Help from other countries
  • Strong Commander

5
Disadvantages
  • American
  • Lack of numbers
  • Poorly trained militia
  • Shortages in gunpowder, food, shoes, bandages,
    etc.
  • British
  • Large distance to supply troops
  • People not convinced of the need for war
  • Poor leadership

6
Question 1
  • Which of the following was NOT an advantage for
    the British?
  • More men
  • Better trained
  • Patriotism
  • Well supplied

7
Raising the troops
  • Continental Army never more than 20,000 troops
    at one place or time
  • Broad variety
  • Prohibited African slave soldiers
  • Lord Dunmores Proclamation
  • Iroquois fought with British
  • British had 50,000 30,000 mercenaries called
    the Hessians
  • British have high quality muskets and weapons
  • Some Americans had spears and axes

8
Question 2
  • Who was not allowed to fight for the colonies?
  • Puritans
  • Indentured servants
  • Native Americans
  • Slaves

9
Question 3
  • What are Mercenaries?
  • British citizens
  • Hired soldiers
  • Loyalist soldiers
  • French soldiers

10
7.4 Britain almost wins the war
  • Lord George Germain targets New York City
  • Choke out rebellion in Mass.
  • D.O.I. spurs the Continentals to N.Y.C.
  • August 27th 1776 Battle of New York
  • British 377 Americans 1407
  • Retreat followed by looting
  • Harsh defeats, Howes mistake, condition of
    soldiers

11
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12
Question 4
  • Who was in charge of the British in New York?
  • George Washington
  • King George III
  • General Howe
  • Nathaniel Greene

13
Question 5
  • What happened at the Battle of New York?
  • Howe was forced to retreat by boat
  • Washington was forced to retreat across the
    Delaware River
  • Howe chased Washington down and finished the war
  • Washington surrendered

14
New Hopes
  • Howe left New Jersey in Hessian control
  • December 25th,1776 2,400 soldiers crossed the
    Delaware River
  • Battle Trenton 868 Hessian prisoners to 5
    casualties
  • Battle of Princeton Washington defeats Clinton
    on January 3rd 1777

15
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16
Question 6
  • When did the Battle of Trenton take place?
  • Christmas night 1776
  • Christmas Eve 1776
  • Thanksgiving 1776
  • New Years Eve 1776

17
Question 7
  • Who did Washington surprise at Trenton?
  • Howe
  • Germain
  • Hessians
  • His wife

18
JigSaw Guidlines
  • Everyone gets a home group. This is the group
    you will report back to share with.
  • In the home group, everyone will get a number
    that determines their expert group. This is the
    group you will study with to find answers to
    questions and summarize the source
  • In class

19
Weapons and Tactics Questions
  • What modern day gun would the musket in the
    Revolution compare to?
  • What were the two types of muskets used?
  • What do you think the word fouling means?
  • What were two purposes of the bayonet?
  • How many foot soldiers did one calvarymen equal?
  • Describe the steps needed to fire a musket
  • How fast could a musket be fired? A rifle?
  • Why did men fire volleys?
  • Why was organization so important to bayonet
    charges?
  • What is the range of a cannon? What did it fire?
  • What myth is there about American fighting
    techniques during the war?
  • Why was Von Stueben so important to the tactics
    of the Americans?

20
American Athenas Questions
  1. What role did women play in colonial society?
  2. What jobs did women hold while their husbands
    went to fight the war?
  3. How did women protest British goods?
  4. Describe three women who actually fought on the
    battlefield?
  5. Who was Lydia Darragh and what role did she play
    in the war?
  6. What were three outcomes for women after the war?

21
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22
7.6 The Tide Begins to Turn
  • Cut off New England from the rest of the colonies
  • Washingtons choice of a defensive war
  • Problems with Burgoynes plan
  • SaratogaGates crushes Burgoyne on October 17,
    1777
  • French become an official ally

23
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24
Valley Forge and the Battle of Monmouth
  • Low on supplies during the winter of 1777-1778
  • 1/3 of the soldiers were hungry and poorly
    clothed
  • Need for uniform tactics and commands
  • Von Steuben trains in Feb. 1778
  • Rapid improvement
  • Battle of Monmouth June 28th 1778 American
    victory that ended fighting in the north

25
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26
War in the South
  • After Saratoga, British focused on southern
    colonies (Charles Cornwallis in command)
  • The south was believed to be a loyalist strong
    hold
  • Henry Clinton travels from New York to help the
    British in the south
  • Swamp Fox guerilla warfare
  • Battle of Cowpens January 17th,1781 won by Daniel
    Morgan
  • Made him chase him to tire him out
  • Cornwallis forced to rest and re-supply at
    Yorktown Cornwallis burned supplies to speed his
    army up
  • April 1781, Cornwallis moves his army to Yorktown
    to rest

27
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28
Victory at Yorktown
  • Cornwallis set to attack Lafayette, Von Steuben
    and Anthony Wayne
  • French assistance from Rochambeau
  • Sept. 1781, surround Cornwallis thanks to French
    Navy
  • Siege on Yorktown, October 19, 1781 Cornwallis
    surrenders
  • British people lose the will to fight

29
Treaty of Paris 1783
  • British recognition of U.S.
  • New U.S. borders
  • Florida to Spain in a separate treaty
  • British retained Canada
  • Spanish retained Louisiana
  • America would return all loyalist possessions
    taken during the war
  • Revolution in France and in Haiti

30
End of the War
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