Chinese

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Chinese Renaissance Sui to Song Dynasties
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Sui Dynasty, 581-618 C.E.

• Land Equalization System gt land redistribution
• Unified coinage
• Established army of professional soldiers
• People were overworked and overtaxed!

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Financial Stress

• War for Korea further strains finances
• Grand Canal constructed
• Strained financial resources

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The Grand Canal
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Tang Dynasty, 618-907 C.E.

• High point of Chinese history
• Imperial examination system perfected
• Liberal attitude towards all religions
• Spread of Buddhism in China
• Golden Age of foreign relations with other
  countries
• Japan, Korea, Persia

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Tang Govt. Organization
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Tang Dynasty, 618-907 C.E.

• New technologies
• Printing --gt moveable print
• Porcelain
• Gunpowder
• Mechanical clocks
• More cosmopolitan culture
• Reestablished safety of Silk Road
• Tea came into China from Southeast Asia

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Empress Wu Zetian, 624-705

• Only Chinese Empress to rule alone
• Searched for outstanding individuals to attract
  to her court
• Constructed new irrigation systems
• Buddhism was favored statereligion
• Financed building of many Buddhist temples
• BUT She appointed cruel and sadistic
  ministers to seek out her enemies

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Foot-Binding in Tang China

• Broken toes by 3 years of age.

• Size 5 ½ shoe on the right

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Foot-Binding in Tang China

• Mothers bound their daughters feet.

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Foot-Binding in Tang China

• For upper-class girls, it became new custom

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Results of Foot-Binding
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End of Tang Dynasty

• Causes of decline
• Misrule
• Court intrigues
• Economic exploitation
• Rebellions
• Made it possible for northern invaders to defeat
  them
• Next 50 years saw fragmentation of China
• Five northern dynasties
• Ten southern kingdoms

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Song Sung Dynasty, 960-1279 C.E.

• Creation of urban, merchant middle class
• Neo-Confucianists wanted to purify
  Confucianism
• Increased emphasis on education cheaper
  availability of printed books
• Magnetic compass made China great sea power!

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Confucian Inspired Sayings

• "Women are to be led and to follow others.
• "A woman ruler is like a hen crowing.
• "Woman's greatest duty is to produce a son."

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Confucian Inspired Sayings

• "We should not be too familiar with the lower
  orders or with women."
• "The woman with no talent is the one who has
  merit.
• "Those who cannot be taught, cannot be
  instructed. These are women and eunuchs."

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Confucian Inspired Sayings

• "A husband can marry twice, but his wife must
  never remarry.
• "Man is honored for strength a woman is
  beautiful on account of her gentleness."
• "Disorder is not sent down by Heaven, it is
  produced by women."

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Song Peasant Family
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Song Began Rice Cultivation
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Song Rice Cultivation
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Chinese Renaissance Sui to Song Dynasties