Advanced Principles of Operating Systems (CE-403)

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Advanced Principles of Operating Systems (CE-403)
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Objectives

• To discuss some advanced types of OS
• Distributed Operating System
• Multiprocessor Operating System
• Real-Time Operating System
• Database Operating System
• Operating system security
• And much more

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Review

• Operating System concepts
• Process/Thread Management
• Memory Management
• Process Synchronization
• File System
• Disk Management
• I/O Management

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Course Outline

• Introduction
• Architecture of Distributed System
• Communication in a DS
• Synchronization in DS
• Fault Tolerance and Recovery
• File System
• Distributed Scheduling

Continued.
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Course Outline

• Case Study
• Multiprocessor OS
• Real-time OS
• Operating System Security

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Course Material

• Text Book
• Advanced Concepts in Operating Systems,
• Distributed, Database, and Multiprocessor OS
• Mukesh Singhal, Niranjan G. Shivaratri
• Reference Books
• Operating System Concepts,
• Silberschaltz, Galvin, Gagne
• Distributed Systems Principles and Paradigms
• A.S. Tanenbaum, M. Van Steen
• Reference material over Internet

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Marks Distribution

• Assignments 5
• Test/Quiz 5
• Midterm 10
• Lab 20
• Final Exam 60
• Total 100

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Introduction

• Why Advanced Operating Systems?
• Traditional Multitasking operating systems are
  most commonly used at the user end
• These conventional operating systems are unable
  to provide high-speed computing
• Multiprocessor systems and distributed systems
  have been adopted for performance reasons
• Enormously complex design issues

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Network Operating Systems

• Operating system, designed primarily to support
  workstations, personal computer that are
  connected on a local area network
• A network operating system provides printer
  sharing, common file system and database sharing,
  application sharing, and the ability to manage a
  network name directory, security, and other
  housekeeping aspects of a network.

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Types of Advanced Operating Systems

• Can be categorized on the following basis
• Hardware Architecture
• Wide variety of high-speed architecture is
  available
• Multiprocessor systems
• Distributed Systems
• Offer great potential for speedup but also
  present great challenge to OS designers
• Application requirements
• Some applications require special Operating
  system support as requirement and for efficiency
• Database systems
• Real-time systems
• Multimedia systems

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Types of Advanced Operating Systems
Advanced Operating Systems
Architecture Driven
Application Driven
Distributed Systems
Multiprocessor systems
Database Systems
Real-time Systems
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Distributed Operating Systems

• Operating systems for a network of autonomous
  computers connected by a communication network
• Distributed Operating System controls and manages
  the hardware and software resources of a DS
• Provides a view of a powerful computer system
• Users do not know the where the program is
  executed and the location of resources accessed
• Basic issues are same as traditional OS
• However, design is much more complex due to the
  lack of both shared memory and common clock and
  unpredictable communication delays

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Multiprocessor Operating System

• Multiprocessor system is a tightly coupled system
  where processors share an address space
• Consists of a set of processors that share a set
  of physical memory
• Multiprocessor OS controls and manages hardware
  and software resources
• Users view the system as a powerful uniprocessor
  system
• Process synchronization, task scheduling, memory
  management and protection and security become
  more complex as the MM is shared by processors

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Database Operating System

• Databases place special requirements on OS
• It must support
• The concept of transaction
• Operations to store, retrieve and manipulate data
  efficiently
• Primitives for concurrency control
• And system failure recovery
• Should also have buffer management schemes for
  data retrieval and storage from secondary storage
• Concurrency control is one of the most
  challenging problems in the design of database
  operating systems

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Real-time Operating systems

• Systems where jobs have completion deadlines
• In soft real-time systems, jobs should be
  completed before its deadline to be of use
• In hard real-time systems, jobs should be
  completed before its deadline to avert a disaster
• Jobs should be scheduled in such a way that a
  maximum number of jobs satisfy their deadlines
• Requirements can vary from application to
  application