AI3 Indonesia Activity Report

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AI3 IndonesiaActivity Report

• AI3_at_ITB.ac.id

2
Focus

• Existing Implemented Infrastructure.
• Experience in Building an AII.
• Low Cost Technology To Educate Indonesia.

Low cost is the real challenge
3
Our situation

• Develop by University
• Implemented Run by Education Sector
• Thanks to AI3, WIDE, JCSAT without whom all of
  these activities never exists!

4
Outline

• Historical Perspective
• Current Infrastructure.
• Brief overview on our research results in
• physical layer.
• Network layer.
• Application layer.

5
Experience in Internet building

• January 1993 - Suryono (Texas) install a packet
  radio 1200bps to LAPAN.
• LAPAN 1200bps to BPPT Internet 64Kbps.
• 286 PC as gateway! to connect the whole ITB
  campus.
• Software NOS (running on DOS) as gateway.

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Indonesia Topology Jan.1993
Amateur Packet Radio AX.25 at 1200bps
Starts from simple equipment We grow the community
PC Gateway 286!
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ITB in 1995

• Telkom Leased Line at 14.4Kbps
• RISTI-Telkom to BPPT 64Kbps.
• ITB uses FreeBSD (UNIX) as Router Server.
• For the first time ITB sees Web in Internet.
• ITB learns to build a campus network (how to
  handle the lightning).

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Typical ITB Campus Net
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ITB Today ....

• T1 Satelite link to Japan.
• 2Mbps link to Indonesia IX.
• VSAT TDMA SCPC to various universities.
• 4Mbps Uwave Jakarta-Bandung.
• 128 Kbps to Jakarta, Surabaya Malang.
• WaveLAN 2Mbps for Metropolitan Area Network (MAN).

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ITB Network Operation Center
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Connection to IIX via RadNet
Connect to 6 Universities
5 Universities / Research Inst
7 Universities via VSAT TDMA
SCPC Connect 3 Universities
gt 10 educational institutions
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AI3 Indonesia
CAnet3
STARTAP
WIDE
TransPAC
AI3
S-One / SingaREN
APAN
vBNS
AI3 Indonesia
IIX
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Key to Success
Involving students in the process!
Gives incentives for education!
The more people the lower the cost

• Human Resource Development!
• Self-financing!
• Community-base development.

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National Policy / Activities

• AI3 Indonesia has been connecting 27 educational
  institutions to Internet.
• AI3 Indonesia is becoming a test bed for
  Indonesia AII.
• AI3 Indonesia actives at National NII policy
  level at http//n21.ac-id.net/

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Results in Physical Layer

• Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA.
• VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC Network.
• Low Cost Access for Schools.
• Internet Access for Amateur Radio

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VSAT TDMA vs. SCPC

• VSAT TDMA 128Kbps Outbound
• VSAT TDMA 64Kbps Inbound
• VSAT TDMA is not suitable for Internet
  application (especially Web).
• Tune TDM for 40 byte (originally 256byte packet).
• Migrate to VSAT SCPC (min) 19.2Kbps.

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Homebrew 2Mbps CDMA

• Uses Lucent CDMA 2Mbps card 915MHz 250mW.
• Run on FreeBSD.
• Homebrew antenna (cost US150).
• Max. distance 15km (use PA for more).
• Most of our high speed MAN using this technology.

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Consequences CDMA 2Mbps

• bypassing local line.
• We promote different alternative for building
  high speed network.

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Homebrew 64-256Kbps packet radio

• We are prototyping 64-256Kbps packet radio
  network in the lab by adnan_at_itb.ac.id.
• AX.25 link layer protocol is used.
• GMSK MX 589 one chip modem is used.
• We drive the modem via parallel port.
• MMIC Minicircuit is being build for transverter.

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Block Diagram
23
Homebrew 64-200Kbps Modem
24
TX RX BoardVHF CB Frequency
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Low Cost Access for Schools

• AX.25 1200bps Packet Radio Network.
• Proxy Server.
• Dial on Demand for Web Interactive Internet
  Access.

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IntraNet for High Schools
24 hours Packet Radio E-mail
Proxy Dial-on-Demand for Web on Demand
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Soundblaster Modem

• PC running Linux
• Software Modem Packet Radio for Soundblaster
• Connect SB-10 to Radio
• Speed 1200-9600bps.
• Check http//home.pages.de/flexnet/

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Amateur Radio Network

• Jakarta
• Bandung
• Malang

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AMPR.ORG NET
ITB GATEWAY
UNIV. MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
YB2SV (JOS SOEJOSO) SALATIGA
ELEKTRINDO NUSANTARA
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Mobile Computing
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IPv6 Test Bed

• Background The Internet growth caused there
  is a need for new
• generation of IP (Internet Protocol)
• IPv6 Implementation using INRIA Rocquencourts
  IPv6 Implementation
• which based on FreeBSD (2.2.2-RELEASE and
  2.2.5-RELEASE)
• The participants are ITB, (Institut Teknologi
  Bandung), UNPAR
• (Universitas Parahyangan), and UNILA
  (Universitas Lampung)
• Next step
• Expand IPv6 Network in AI3-Indonesia Network
• Connect to 6Bone
• Develop IPv6 Applications

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Reachability

• IPv6 ping6 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e
  5
• trying to get source for 5f12bc00a7cd30002c02
  6fffeb049e5
• source should be 5f12bc00a7cd16000ffff01
• PING 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5
  (5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5) 56 data
  bytes
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq0 ttl255 time4.973 ms
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq1 ttl255 time5.359 ms
• 64 bytes from 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049
  e5 icmp6_seq2 ttl255 time4.557 ms
• òC
• --- 5f12bc00a7cd30002c026fffeb049e5 ping
  statistics ---
• 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0
  packet loss
• round-trip min/avg/max 4.557/4.963/5.359 ms

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ExotickA Single-User Network Operating System
Based

• By
• Joko Yuliantoro ltjky_at_itb.ac.idgt
• Computer Network Research Group ITB

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Traditional Kernel Design

• Full Hardware Abstraction.
• Centralized Resource Management.
• Protection Mechanism / Multiplexing Raw Hardware.

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Hardware Abstraction

• Large coverage to make it useful to all
  applications.
• Planned to accommodate all interfaces from
  application to hardware resources.
• Trapped in vast small details that make the
  abstraction composed of inefficient codes and
  routines.

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Impact on Kernel

• Large Kernel Size.
• Complex Algorithm.
• Unreliable.
• Inflexible.
• Hard global optimization since too many codes and
  routines are affected.

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Impact on Applications

• Inefficient.
• Complex Algorithm.
• Can not grealty improve the efficiency since many
  details have been hidden away from application.

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Exokernel Prototype Design

• Created and introduced by Dawson R. Engler and M.
  Frans Kaashoek from MIT in January 1995.
• Main principle is application should manage all
  physical resources.
• Exokernel should only manage resources to the
  extent required by protection.

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Exokernel Prototype Design

• Use distributed resource management.
• Exokernel concentrate on multiplexing raw
  hardware.

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Exotick

• A single-user network operating system based on
  Exokernel design.
• As a start, planned to be a simple TCP/IP router.
• Focus on
• Simple operation programming.
• Smaller kernel size.
• Fast response (real time).

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Exotick

• Use Assembler language for best size and speed
  fulfillment.
• Use Netwide Assembler (NASM) version 0.97 as the
  compiler and linker.

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Exoticks Feature

• 32-bit OS on Intels architecture.
• Preemptive multitasking.
• Flat memory model.
• Small kernel size.
• Fast response (real time).
• Plain text user interface.
• TCP/IP support.

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Exotick Project Status

• The project has been started since August 1998.
• The project will be completed by the end of 1998.

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Results in Network Layer

• Network Monitoring by ismail_at_cnrg.itb.ac.id.
• Monitor at http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
• Network Map
• Sample of traffic by protocol, port, etc.
• Graph of total traffic.

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Traffic Distribution Grapher

• Describes
• Comparison between Inbound and Outbound Traffic
• Traffic Distribution by Protocols
• The Most Active Routers/Hosts by Protocols
• Daily Usage Trend for some Protocols
• Weekly Protocol Usage Trend

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TDG
URL http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
Host
In vs Out
Protokol
Trend
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Benefits

• Behaviour of the users in ITB (AI3)
• Subjects of interest
• Sites to be visited
• The rush hours
• Most actives computer/host
• Planning the traffic routing, firewalling, etc.

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Network Monitoring

• Scotty Map Generator

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Scotty monitor
Connectivity monitoring
Interface utility monitoring
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Web screen
Scotty monitor
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http//netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Text Map
Web screen
Timeout alarm
E-mail to Administrator
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http//netmon.itb.ac.id/map.html
Web screen
Interface Utility Report
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Results

• Reconfiguration of VSAT TDMA interface speed for
  better performance.
• Monitoring the JAMUS (ITB-YWCN) link performance.
  
• To Lembong 99.525
• To Surabaya 85.523
• To Malang 86.282

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System Platform

• Pentium 100
• 16 MB RAM
• 2,1 GB Hard disk
• Operating System FreeBSD
• Main Software Scotty/Tkined (FreeWare) and
  TCPDUMP.
• Under Xfree86 Windows

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Results in Application Layer

• Mailing Lists
• English Technical Writting Course distance
  learning test bed.
• Cache Cache Monitoring.
• MPEG-3 Test Bed.
• RealPublisher NetShow test bed.

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Cache

• ITB has set several Parents cache.
• Cache person is husni_at_itb.ac.id
• We cache all of our Web traffic.
• check out http//www.lp.itb.ac.id/cacher/

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HTTP-Cache What

• Use of Proxy Server
• Previously fetched WWW objects are stored in
  Proxy Server
• Proxy Server gives cached WWW object instead of
  fetches it from WWW server
• Use of non-persistent caching

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HTTP-Cache Why

• Web is the most popular application on The Net
• Web traffic in byte is about 40
• WAN link get congested
• Most WWW objects are static

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HTTP-Cache Facts

• HTTP-Cache reduces WAN traffic
• More Effective than Server mirror

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Cache Hierarchy

• Cache-Server mesh
• Collaborates using parent-sibling relationship
• Sibling fetches WWW-object only if it is found
  in local cache
• Parent always fetches requested WWW-object

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Cache Hierarchy at ITB Network
66
Cache Usage Monitoring

• Log files
• Daily statistics
• Web-based report

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Cache stats ns1.itb.ac.id
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Cache stats ns2.itb.ac.id
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Cache Hit Rate
70
Results

• Over 1.5Gbytes transferred data at a normal
  work-day
• Over 400Mbytes transferred data at a weekend-day
• Reduces upto 19 in HTTP traffic

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Typical Cache Results

• Hit requests 53.90
• Hit bytes 38.79
• Total requests 406.473
• Total successfull requests 406.473
• Average requests /day 695.980
• Total bytes 582.499.684
• Average bytes / day 997.383.525

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Mailing Lists

• Uses majordomo on FreeBSD
• Run on Dual Pentium 166MHz 32Mb RAM.
• More than 220 mailing lists at ITB. (more than
  75 Indonesian mailing lists).
• More than 10.000 subscribers.
• We are trying to build the community in Indonesia.

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Distance Learning

• ITBs Server
• http//distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
• http//virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
• http//teknologiinformasi.ee.itb.ac.id/

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EL-426 Tek-Info

• Http//teknologiinformasi.ee.itb.ac.id

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EL-426 Info-Tech
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EL-426 Interactive Room
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EL-426 Buku-Buku
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Test Bed Library Network

• Pustakawan_at_itb.ac.id
• library_at_itb.ac.id
• cnrg_at_itb.ac.id

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ITB Central Library ...
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ITB Cyber Library

• Access point
• Students internet access center.
• 1500 users
• Email web access
• Library on Internet
• Central Library Home page
• Catalogue search services
• ISIS Network

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Build Library Community

• Librarian
• pustakawan_at_itb.ac.id
• Subscribe to Majordomo_at_itb.ac.id, with messages
  body subscribe pustakawan
• Network
• ISIS Network

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The ISIS Network ...

• Points
• Based on CDS/ISIS
• Sharing CDS/ISIS database
• The library network

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Why CDS/ISIS?

• Internet based.
• Low cost.
• Easy to deploy.
• Widely used in Indonesia
• Open free system
• can be expanded.
• can become a powerfull tool.

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CDS/ISIS freeware

• Where to get?
• Http//www.unesco.org/
• How to get?
• Internet Web.
• Library automation using CDS/ISIS
• Developer IPB Library
• contact mus_at_ipb.wasantara.net.id,
  rahman_at_ipb.wasantara.net.id

87
WAIS-ISIS

• ISIS-FreeWAIS Search Engine for CDS/ISIS on
  Internet
• Feature
• Any CDS/ISIS database
• Networking between WAIS server
• How to get
• http//www.lib.itb.ac.id/isis/resources.html
• Requirement
• UNIX FreeBSD

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Library NetworkHow to join

• Contact address
• http//www.lib.itb.ac.id/isis/
• ismail_at_itb.ac.id
• mahmudin_at_library.itb.ac.id
• Requirement?
• Need want to share CDS/ISIS Catalogue data.
• Services
• ISIS Hosting
• Install server

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ISIS Hosting

• Share CDS/ISIS database
• ISIS Hosting at ITB
• Services Free and Costumized (not free)
• http//www.lib.itb.ac.id/isis/
• ITB exchange the Catalogues
• How to join
• contact mahmudin_at_library.itb.ac.id
• Email CDS/ISIS files (zipped) to him

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Install Server

• Requirement
• 24 hours internet connection or within intranet
• Unix environment
• human resources (operation)
• How to join
• Share server configuration
• Link to other servers
• Contact
• ismail_at_itb.ac.id

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ISIS Network Map

• Using WAIS-ISIS and CDS/ISIS files
• Servers location
• ITB
• PDII LIPI
• Univ. Muhammadiyah Malang
• ISIS Hosting at ITB
• Institut Pertanian Bogor
• Univ. Atmadjaya
• Univ. Lampung

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SampleSearch Catalogue
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Knowledge Management...
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Knowledge Management

• KMRG Team
• The project Build Knowledge sharing tools
• Vision Build knowledge based communities
• Libraries as knowledgebase
• Mailing list
• knowledge_at_hmesvr.ee.itb.ac.id
• In progress...

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KM Concept
Univ A
Univ B

• Using
• Email
• Web
• FTP

Univ C
Library as Knowledgebase
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Future Development...

• On line transactions
• More database Catalogues, abstracts, papers, etc
• Integration with other documents format
• ISIS Network --gt Library Network
• Knowledge Management

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Java Working Group

• Lead by team4_at_students.ee.itb.ac.id, namely
  Fira, Raka cs.
• Their Page is
• http//students.ee.itb.ac.id/team4/laporan/

98
Video Conference

• 25 October 1997 1400 Indonesia Time.
• Three Cities Bandung-Surabaya-Malang
• CU-SeeMe Its Reflector.
• Aiming for high school network in Indonesia.
• July 1997 Panel Discussion on the future of
  higher education (UNU).

99
Video on Demand

• Supported by Microsoft Progressive Network
  Tools.
• Splitter for UNFCC COP3 December 1997.
• Publisher for ITBs Alumny Congress December
  1997.

100
AI3 Indonesia Member Activities

• YWCN Malang, Surabaya, Denpasar.
• UNPAR (University of Parahyangan Bandung)
• UNILA (University of Lampung).

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Yayasan Widya Caraka Nusantara (YWCN)
102
Vision Making the knowledge more accesible
Mission building the most efficient way
the information network for education community
103
Mission implementation . Regional Network
Distribution Center for AI3-Indonesia in East
Java, Bali and Jakarta. Junction for the
education and research computer network within
the all area of our operation . Internet
socialization for education and research
community. Develop the Indonesian Internet
information contents
104
Socialization program(encouraging demand of the
Internet for education)

• Scientific seminar
• Guest lecturing
• Internet Education panel discussion
• Study group gt 30 active members
• Technology exhibition
• Internet Talk show programme 97-now

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Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (1)

• Dedicated connection
• . 8 education institution ( gt 2000 users)
• Non dedicated connection (dial up lines )
• . Lecturers 120
• Teachers 75
• Students 200

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Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (2)

• Faculty of Economics University Brawijaya -
  Malang
• FTI - ITS - Surabaya
• The State University of Malang (in progress)
• STIE Malang Kucecwara
• University of Bhayangkara - Surabaya
• St.Albertus High School - Malang
• WISH/BTC - Malang
• University of Muhammadiyah Malang
• Polytechnic ITS Surabaya

109
Provide Access and Cooperative Network
Development (3)

• Hosting for the information contents of education
  and research institutes
• - www and mailing list
• Joint forces for internet education and training
  programme

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Equipment

• 18 x PC based server
• 2 x Fast Ethernet 10/100 mbps hub
• 2 x Access Server Telematic
• Total Storage Capacity 100 GigaByte
• 6 x Cisco Router
• 4 x _at_ 16 dial in port

111
Bandwidth

• Surabaya/Malang - AI3 Indonesia Gateway (ITB
  Bandung) 256 kbps
• Surabaya/Malang - Indosat (backup link)
• 64 kbps

112
Applied Research Activities

• Wireless Network
• Internet application for education
• Network operating system integration
• Network Management

113
Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video
Conferencing Oct 97 (1)

• Link to
• Malang Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps
  wireless CDMA)
• . YWCN Malang NOC
• . St. Albertus High School
• . FM 102 Broadcasting Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• Surabaya Metropolitan Area Network (using 2 mbps
  wireless CDMA)
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC
• . Campus of FTI-ITS Surabaya
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• Bandung (AI3-ITB) Indonesia gateway
• --------------------------------------------------
  ---------------------------------------
• INTERCITY CONNECTED BY LEASED LINE 2 x 128 kbps

114
Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Video
Conferencing Oct 97 (2)

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC (local center hub)
• . St. Albertus High School Malang (venue of
  video conference)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• . FTI-ITS Surabaya (venue of video conference)
• . AI3-ITB Bandung (venue of video conference)
• CuSeeMe Reflector at AI3-ITB Bandung
• . Reflecting all client on all venue and radio
  station

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting Dec 97

• Were doing this test during Panel Discussion of
• Malang Internet Academic Network
• The panel discussion was broadcasting live
  simultanously to the Internet (video and audio)
  and to the FM radio band (audio only)
• Installed equipment on this test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at STIE
  Malang Kucecwara (venue)

117
Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting (2)

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . YWCN Malang NOC (local center hub)
• . STIE Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• . FM 102 Radio Station (radio live
  broadcasting)
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at STIE
  Malang Kucecwara (venue)
• Archive (indonesian) of this panel discussion can
  be reached at
• http//www.ywcn.or.id/diskusi.html

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Wireless MAN Test for Low Cost Real Audio
Broadcasting during AI3 Indonesia 1st Annual
MeetingSurabaya - June 1998

• Installed equipment for test
• Karlbridge router for Wireless CDMA 2 mbps
  located at
• . Venue in Widya Mandala University campus -
  Surabaya
• . YWCN Surabaya NOC
• Real Audio Encoder Server located at Widya
  Mandala University campus

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- Research -Currently work in progress

• Building Electronic Commerce
• . Collaboration with some universities and
  private sector
• . Collaboration with Internet and Computer
  Network Study Group
• Combining Internet/Online Marketing and
  International Marketing
• . Collaboration with Internet and Computer
  Network Study Group
• . http//www,ywcn.or.id/inmark/
• Using various low power Wireless CDMA for long
  distance carrier
• Bandwidth optimization and
• network management on Ethernet Network

122
University of Lampung (UNILA)
123
University of Lampungs Website
Library and Research Information
Exchange Increasing human resources
qualification Ready to be AI3 gateway for
educational institutions in Sumatra

• BBS Unilanet
• University of Lampung

124
Unilas Websiteoffers us about

• General Information of University of Lampung
• Journals and Research Report from some faculties
  and department
• Institutions in Unila and their purposes
• Students Activities Information
• Other Activities about science and technology,
  nature conservation, and hobbies
• Relationship and cooperation with other
  universities in education development project

125
Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Agrotropika- contains of analysis and
  research in agronomy

• Journal of Social and Agricultural Economics -
  about social and agricultural economics

126
Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Komunitas- concern about social
  politics and cultural issues.

• Journal of Tropical Soils- offers observations
  and research about tropical soils

127
Some Journals online pages

• Journal of Science and Technology- all about
  research reports of math, natural
  science, and technological
  implementations

128
Interests

• Wetlands International Indonesia Program- It is
  a part of a global organization which the
  mission is To sustain and restore wetlands,
  their resources and bio-diversity for future
  generations through research, information
  exchange, and conservation activities

• Kite Aerial Photography- shows the information
  about an implementation of aerodynamics
  technology in aerial photography using kites, how
  to get clearer aerial images with minimum cost.

129
University of Lampung in a Search Engine

• University of Lampung do participating in the
  global information exchanges

130
University of Parahyangan
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UNPAR

• 176 student users (http//student.unpar.ac.id/cgi-
  bin/userlist)
• 348 university staff users (http//home.unpar.ac.i
  d/cgi-bin/userlist)

133
UNPAR Traffic

• From our statistics with SNMP in our router
  (maingtw) showing number of data go out greater
  than data go in (http//www2.unpar.ac.id/traffic/)
  .

134
UNPAR Activities

• Developing software from public sources (free
  software).
• User Training
• Searching information for research.
• Mailing List / Discussions Platform
• UNPAR Web at (http//www.unpar.ac.id/)
• Collect and publish alumni data.

135
Summary

• ITB has managed to integrate 20 educational
  institutions to Internet.
• Major IT used
• 2Mbps CDMA Network.
• Web based distance learning.
• Real Publisher / Microsoft NetShow.
• Key to success
• Mass Qualified Human Resource

136
References

• http//ai3.itb.ac.id/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/yc1dav/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/cnrg/
• http//xxx.itb.ac.id/adnan/
• http//distance-courses.itb.ac.id/
• http//virtual-university.itb.ac.id/
• http//netmon.itb.ac.id/
• http//nic.itb.ac.id/

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