A.???? B.??????? C.??? D.??? E.????

1
????? I ?????
???????????????????? ????????????????????????????
?????? A.???? B.??????? C.??? D.??? E.????
F.????????? G.???? H.?? I.???? J.????? I
K.????? II L.??????? ?????????? ??????????????????
???????????????? ?????????? A??E??????????????????
?F?????????? ???????G??I?????????????????????J??L?
??????????????????????????????????? ?????????????
??
2
N ???
????? (N.1) ??????????? ???????????????????????
(N.2) ???? ????????????????????????????????
(N.3) ?? (Reddening) ??????????????????????????
?????? ????
3
N.1.???????????
???????????????(??)
-q
z
q
??? EEo exp 2pi(?t ikx)
????????p-qz
z ?z ?o 2z-(qEo/m) exp( i?t)
a??? (susceptibility)
4
a????????? (susceptibility)
????????????a??????????????
5
???????????
??a????e??????????????E?????
????????????????? pa3(e-1 )/(e2) E
????????? ?????????aa3(e-1 )/(e2)
6
???? (??a)????(gtgta)???????????? ?????????????????
??????????? ??????????????altlt???????
???????????????? ?C????????????????????????????
???????????????????????????????? ???????????n????
?????N???????????
??1??????????
???????????????????????sATOM???????????
7
??????????
???????????????
????????????????????????
??????????
EEoexp(i?t)??????????
????????????????????????????????????????? ????????
???????????
?????????????????????????????
???
?
???
8
(1) ???????????100????
??????????????100?????
????????????????????
???
?
???
(2) ???????????100????
???????????100?????
??????????????cos2?????????
???
r
???
9
???2?????????????
???????????
?????
????????
10
???? Qs/(pa2)
x2pa/?ltlt1 ????? altlt???
?????
???e????????????????Qsca?x4(2pa/?)4????????????-4
??????????????(Reyleigh scattering)?????? ????????
????Qabs?x(2pa/?)?????? ??????x??????????????????
??????
11
X?0???Q(?X)?0?????????????????????????????????????
?????????1?????????????????
(1) Xltlt1
??1??????????
X?0?Efficincy Factor Q?0 ???????????????????
(2) Xgtgt1
Q1??????1??????????
??Xgtgt1?Q2?????????????????????????
12
??????????
?????
e-2???Qgtgt1??????????????
ee1ie2 ????????????????????
ee1ie2 ???A???????????????????? ??????????
e????(e1,e2)(-2?0)??????(-2? e2?0)?A?8
???? ???????????????(-2?0)????????????????????????
???????????
13
AIm (e-1 )/(e2)?????
A1/2
3/4
3/2
??????
3
14
N.2. ????
A????(Interstellar Extinction)??????????????
?????????????????
15
????????????
? A(?)/A(V) 7 0.020 5
0.027 3.4 0.051 2.2 0.108
1.65 0.176 1.25 0.282 0.9
0.479 0.7 0.749 0.55 1.00
0.44 1.31 0.365 1.56 0.33 1.65
? A(?)/A(V) 0.28 1.94 0.26 2.15
0.24 2.54 0.218 3.18 0.20 2.84
0.18 2.52 0.15 2.66 0.13
3.12 0.12 3.58

• ? A(?)/A(V)
• 250 0.00042
• 0.0012
• 60 0.002
• 35 0.0037
• 25 0.014
• 20 0.021
• 18 0.023
• 15 0.015
• 12 0.028
• 10 0.054
• 9.7 0.059
• 9.0 0.042

16
-1
-2
-3
17
?????????(2)
??????(????)?????????????? e1- (?p/?)2????
e-2?????????????
18
?????????(3)
3 RAv/(AB-Av) (the total to selective
absorption ) R3.1 ???? 2.75
4 ????? Av 1/?
5 9.7µ?18µ??? 9.7µ Si-O ?Stretching Mode
18µ Si-O-Si ?Bending Mode
????????????????? ???????????
6 ??????? ??????????????????????? ???????
19
???????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
??????????eG???????????eS???
??????????k1/?2pc/???????
????????????????????
20
(No Transcript)
21
(No Transcript)
22
N.3. ?? (Reddening)
??????? E(B-V)AB-Av0.31Av
E(U-B)AU-AB0.25Av
0.81E(B-V)
23
?? (reddening) E(X-Y) AX-AY E(B-V)AB -
Av ??????????
???????????????????????
0
(B-V,V)??????????AB/Av1.31??? Av/E(B-V) 1/0.313
.2 ?????
V
5
10
Av2 ???????HR????
15
-0.5 0 0.5 1
1.5 2 2.5
B-V
24
Landolt??????(1992)??????? ???????????
(Av1???????)
???????????? E(U-B)/E(B-V) (1.56-1.31)/(1.31-1)
0.25/0.310.81??
25
???????????I)
????(Sgr A)??? ??l-0.054
??b-0.046 (l,b)(0,0) ??a17?45?37.2?
??d-2856'10?.2 (??2000)???????????
l90
Sagittarius arm
l180
l0
??
????
???
26
?????
GC??
27
??????????(II)
????3??B???
????30'??B???
????30'?? H???
????30'?? J???
28
????H
29
AK/(AH-AK)0.108/(0.176-0.108)1.64
6
Av14
????????17?????
K
8
10
12
???????????????????????
30
Reddening Free Index
?????????????????????????????????????????k????????
???????????????????????????Q??????????????????????
??? ???????????Q????????????????????
31
?????Landolt??????????????Q?????????????????U,B,V,
Rc,Ic?5????????????????Q???3?????????????????4????
???
Q4-Q5???????????????????????????????????AGB????Q??
????????????????????
Q1-Q2?????????????????????????????????????????????
??Ic???????????????????????
32
(No Transcript)
33
???????????????????????????
34
(No Transcript)
35
(No Transcript)
36
Reddening Free Index (??)
QJHK(J-H)/ 0.108 -(H-K)/0.068QHKL(H-K)/0.068-(K-
L)/0.057
Sp(V) J-H H-K K-L QJHK QHKL O9 -0.14
-0.04 -0.06 -0.71 0.46 B5
-0.06 -0.01 -0.04 -0.41 0.55 A0
0.00 0.00 0.00 0.0 0.0
F0 0.13 0.03 0.03 0.76
-0.09 G0 0.31 0.05 0.05
2.14 -0.14 G4 0.33 0.06
0.05 2.17 0.01 K0 0.45
0.08 0.06 2.99 0.29 K7
0.66 0.15 0.11 3.91 0.28 M0
0.67 0.17 0.14 3.70 0.04
M1 0.66 0.18 0.15 3.46
0.02 M3 0.64 0.23 0.20
2.54 -0.13 M6 0.66 0.38
0.36 0.52 -0.73
37
?????sA??????sE
(A)??????????????
I
I-dI
dIINdxsA
dx
(B)?????T??????????????
B
B-dI
-dI-BNdxsA
dI
dIedx
dx
(-dI)?(dI)????????????????eBNsA
38
??1?????????????????1???????? agtgt?????(??T)??????
????????????????FpB(T) ??????4pa2F4p2a2B(T)
???????
?????? ????N?????????????????? 4pe
4p2a2B(T)N (?????agtgt????)
?????sE
4pe 4pNBsE ???????????sE ??? agtgt?????(??T)
???? sE pa2 ???? ????????4pe4pBNsA?????
sE sA ????
???????????????4pB(T)sA
39
????????
??????????????????????????????????????????????????
?????????????????????I?????T?????????????????????
?????????a, ??TD?????????????????????????????????
?
????????????????????????????????????
???????????????????F(?)d? ?A(?)d? ??????
40
???
D?T????????????????????????A???F??????????????A???
?????????3pc????R2R?????
1pc
??
1?
??
????????????????? T2(15310-4)
(510-6/3)1.510-8 ?????pT2710-16??????
30'
????????????????????????3pc???????????????????????
???????1kpc?????? ????????300???????A???????D300?
210-13
T104???????
41
??????????????????? ??????????????????????????????
?????? (1) ?????????????????a?????????????
?????????sQ(pa2)?????Q1 ????agtgt????????????
???????????????
(2) ???????????? ????????Q?????????
?
??????????????