IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE COMPASSIONATE, THE MERCIFUL

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IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE COMPASSIONATE, THE
MERCIFUL
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• Reclamation of Salt Affected Soils
• by
• Rizwan Zahoor
• 2004-ag-1537
• B.Sc. (Hons) Agri.
• Agronomy 7th

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• Objectives of Reclamation
• To increase crop yield per unit area
• To increase WUE
• To improve farmers living standard

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• Methods of Land Reclamation
• 1 Physical Methods
• Sub soiling
• Deep ploughing
• Sanding
• Horizon mixing
• Profile inversion

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• 2 Biological Methods
• Growing of crops on problem soils and/or their
  incorporation at the stage of maximum biomass
  productivity.

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• 3Chemical Methods
• It includes the application of
• Gypsum
• Sulphur
• Sulphuric acid
• Hydrochloric acid etc

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• Prerequisites for Land Reclamation
• Good surface drainage
• Leveled soils
• Availability good quality water
• Chemical amendments

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• Reclamation of Saline Soils
• Reclamation of saline soil is done by applying
  excess water to the soil surface. The removal of
  salts may be accomplished either by continuous
  ponding of water on soil surface or by
  intermittent leaching.

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• Reclamation Requirement
• It is amount of water required for reclamation,
  usually depends upon
• Salts concentration
• Soil texture
• Soil structure
• Trenching

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• Reclamation of sodic and saline-sodic soil
• Reclamation of sodic and saline-sodic soil is
  more difficult, time consuming and expensive
  than that of saline soil. It involves not only
  leaching a soluble salts but also the replacement
  of exchangeable sodium with calcium and the
  improvement of physical properties of soil. The
  two most difficult aspects of the reclamation
  process are
• Provision of source for replacement of sodium
  with calcium
• Water for leaching

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• Sources of calcium for replacing
  exchangeable sodium
• Irrigation water
• Gypsum and lime present in soil
• Chemical and biological amendments
• High-salt water

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• Replacing exchangeable sodium
• CaCO3 is insoluble in water. However, the
  presence of lime is important in sodic and
  saline-sodic soil, if it is treated with acids or
  sulphur, it provides calcium.
• when vegetation is established, CO2 released and
  converts the CaCO3 into relatively soluble
  Ca(HCO3)2.

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• Crop During Reclamation
• Some kind of vegetation should be grown during
  reclamation, as they help reclamation and also
  provide some income to farmers.
• Growth of crop helps reclamation in two ways
• The development of roots improve the permeability
  and infiltration capacity of soil.
• CO2 released into the soil by roots increase
  solubility of CaCO3.

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• THANKS