11-10-10 "A man who is good enough to shed his blood for the country is good enough to be given a square deal afterwards." ~Theodore Roosevelt

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11-10-10"A man who is good enough to shed his
blood for the country is good enough to be given
a square deal afterwards." Theodore Roosevelt
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• 1. Describe the overall feeling of Europe about
  war between the 1850s and 1900

• Progress had made war a thing of the past.
• Peace congresses met often and hundreds of peace
  organizations were active.
• War wouldnt occur

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• 2. What is a positive and negative of nationalism?

• Positive- can unify a country
• Negative- can cause intense competition between
  nations with each seeking to overpower the other.

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• 3. What were the 6 great powers of Europe at the
  turn of the 20th century?

• Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia,
  Italy, and France.

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• 4. How did nationalism create rivalries through
  the competition over materials and markets?

• Great Britain led Europe in Industry, finance and
  shipping.
• Germany began to industrialize and seek new
  markets and materials to challenge GB for
  industrial dominance.

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• 5. How did nationalism create rivalries through
  territorial disputes?

• France lost the Alsace-Lorraine region to Germany
  in the Franco-Prussian War.
• Austria-Hungary and Russia tried to dominate the
  Balkans.

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• 6. How did imperialism create rivalries and
  mistrust?

• European countries fiercely competed for overseas
  colonies.
• France and Germany nearly go to war over Morocco
  in North Africa.

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• 7. Why would militarism build pride in ones
  country?

• In order to be great a country must have a large
  standing military.
• How do you feel on the 4th of July? Or when the
  jets fly overhead?

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• 8. What do you think of when you hear the word
  alliance?

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• 9. Who was the chancellor of Prussia that was
  able to unify all of Germany?

• Otto Von Bismarck

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• 10. Why did the chancellor see France as the
  greatest threat to peace?

• He believed France still wanted revenge for
  losing the Franco-Prussian War.

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• 11. Which countries made up the Triple Alliance?

• Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

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• 12. How did the Germanys allies Russia and
  Austria view each other and why?

• As bitter rivals, each trying to dominate the
  Balkans.

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• 13. How did Germanys foreign policy change in
  1890?

• Kaiser Wilhelm II forced Bismarck to resign
  because he didnt want to share power with
  anyone.
• Let treaty with Russia lapse.

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• 14. What alliance was Bismarcks greatest fear
  and why?

• France-Russia
• It would force Germany to fight a two-front war.

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• 15. What are the two ways the impulsive Kaiser
  challenged Britain?

• Started a colonial empire and created
• Started to build a navy to rival GB

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• 16. What was Britains response?

• Forms an entente with France in 1904.
• Forms the Triple Entente with France and Russia
  in 1907.

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• 17. How was the Triple Entente different from
  other alliances?

• Britain was not bound to fight with France and
  Russia
• Ensured that Britain would not fight against
  them.

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• 18. Why were the Balkans considered a powder
  keg of Europe?

• Home to an assortment of ethnic groups
• Long history of nationalist uprisings and ethnic
  clashes.

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• 19. What new nations were created with the
  collapse of the Ottoman Empire?

• Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia

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• 20. How was nationalism a powerful force in these
  new nations?

• The new nations wanted to expand their borders
  and hoped to absorb members of the dominant
  ethnic groups into their nations.

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• 1880s Christian Armenians began to demand their
  freedom from the Ottoman Empire. (Turks)
• Turks began to persecute the Armenians.
• War breaks out and the Armenians pledge to fight
  against the Turks. Turkish govt responds by
  deporting 2 million Armenians. Over 600,000
  Armenians die of Starvation or were killed by
  Turkish soldiers.

• 21. Summarize the Armenian Massacre

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• 22. What area did Austria annex in 1908?

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

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• 23. Explain the reasons for the hostility between
  Austria-Hungary and Serbia.

• Austria-Hungary feared that Serbias growth would
  incite Slavic peoples within its own territory
• Serbia resented Austria-Hungarys annexation of
  Bosnia and Herzegovina

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• 24. Who was the heir to the throne of the
  Austro-Hungarian throne and what happened to him
  on June 28, 1914?

• Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Assassinated as he was visiting Sarajevo the
  capital of Bosnia.

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• 25. Who was the assassin and what was his
  nationality?

• Gavrilo Princip, a Serbian black hand member.

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• 26. How did Kaiser Wilhelm II view the
  assassination and what was his offer?

• As an excuse to punish Serbia.
• Urged Austria to be aggressive and offered
  Germanys unconditional support.

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• 27. Even though Serbia agreed to most of the
  ultimatum the Austrians still declared war. Do
  you think the war was inevitable? Why or why not?

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• 28. What was Russias response to Austrias
  declaration of war?

• Ordered the mobilization of troops towards the
  Austrian border.

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Whos who in WWI
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Kaiser Wilhelm II

• Germany
• Wants to show the world Germanys strength and
  gain territory
• Backed Austria in its war with Serbia
• Declares war on Russia and France

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Franz Joseph

• Austria-Hungary
• Wanted to establish dominance over the Balkans.
• Has the support of Germany and is encouraged to
  attack Serbia

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David Lloyd George

• Great Britain
• Gets drawn into the war when Germany invades
  Belgium.
• Declares war on Germany

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Czar Nicholas II

• Russia
• Allied with Serbia, declares war on Austria.
• Moves troops to the German border.

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Vittoro Orlando

• Italy
• Originally neutral at the beginning of the war.
• When Germany invaded Belgium, Italy felt they
  were not obligated to fight with them.
• Joins the allies, nine months into the war.

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Georges Clemenceau

• France
• Protects its border from German invasion.
• Primarily Defensive war.
• Supports the idea of total war and will not
  surrender to Germany.

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Woodrow Wilson

• United States
• Offered to mediate peace in 1916, was refused.
• Kept the US out of the war until 1917.
• Enters the war to keep "the world safe for
  democracy."

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