Developing a Vast Wilderness

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Chapter 7

• Developing a Vast Wilderness
• Canada

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Section 1

• The Vikings came to North America around 1000
  A.D.
• Nearly 5 centuries later (500 years) an Italian
  navigator, Giovanni Caboto, explored the North
  American landed in Newfoundland and claimed it
  for England.
• England and France were the first two nations
  that tried to colonize Canada.

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Distinction of Canada

• Roman Catholic- French
• Protestant- English
• The British government split Canada into 2
  provinces.
• Upper Canada (Ontario)- Spoke English
• Lower Canada (Quebec)- Spoke French
• Ruperts land, which was owned by a British
  fur-trading company, separated the two.

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Continental Expansion

• Roads, canals and railroads were developed to
  make the land of Canada more accessible to
  pioneers.
• 1885 a railway was completed from Montreal to
  Vancouver.
• Around that time gold, copper, zinc and silver
  deposits were discovered in the Yukon Territory.

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Population Growth

• As the population grew Canada became more urban
  and industrial.
• Most of the growth took place within 100 miles of
  the U.S. border.
• Canada became an economic power in the 20th
  century.

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Canadian Government

• In 1931 Canada was independent of Britain.
• Parliamentary Government- System where
  legislative and executive functions are combined
  in a legislature called parliament.
• Parliament- representative lawmaking body whose
  members are elected or appointed and in which
  legislative and executive functions are combined.
• Symbolic head of state is still the British
  monarch.

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Chapter 7 Section 2

• Economy and Culture of Canada

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Economy of Canada

• Canada is one of the richest countries in the
  world.
• Industries of Canada- Farming, logging, mining
  and fishing.
• The majority of Canadas manufacturing companies
  are in southern Quebec and Ontario.
• Nearly 15 of Canadians earn their living from
  manufacturing. (Automobiles, steel, household
  appliances and electronics).

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Service Industries

• This is Canadas economic backbone. These
  industries provide more jobs for Canadians than
  all other industries combined.
• Examples of industries include finance,
  utilities, trade, transportation, tourism,
  communications, insurance and real estate.

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Cultures of Canada

• People that settled Canada- Inuit, First Nations,
  French, English and other Europeans.
• French and English are the official languages.
• Christianity is the dominant religion.
  (Protestant and Catholic)

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Settling Canada

• Harsh climate and transportation routes have
  affected the settlement patterns of Canada.
• 80 of all Canadians live on just 10 of the
  land.
• Most live in urban areas along the southern
  portion of the country.

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Canadian Life

• Workforce 55 men 45 women
• 97 literacy rate in the country
• Ice hockey, rodeo, fishing, hunting, skiing, golf
  and football are some of the favorite activities.

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Section 3

• Location, climate, different people, settling
  area and local industries all account for the
  variety of lifestyles within a sub-region.
• Most large cities in the Quebec and Ontario are
  near the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.

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Provinces of Canada

• Atlantic Province- Prince Edward Island, New
  Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Newfoundland.
  (Logging, fishing and mining).
• Prairie Provinces- Breadbasket Manitoba,
  Saskatchewan and Alberta. (Agriculture, minerals,
  oil, coal and natural gas).

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Provinces Cont.

• Core Provinces-Heartland Quebec and Ontario. 3
  out of 5 Canadians live here. (Agriculture,
  mining and hydroelectric power).
• Pacific Provinces and Territories- British
  Columbia, Yukon Territory, Northwest Territory
  and the Nunavut. (Logging, fishing mining, and
  hydroelectric-power).

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Nova Scotia
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Alberta
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Quebec
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Ontario
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British Columbia
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Most Populated Cities

1. Toronto, Ontario- 5,113,419
2. Montreal, Quebec- 3,635,571
3. Vancouver, B.C.- 2,116,581
4. Ottawa, Ontario- 1,130,761
5. Calgary, Alberta1,079,130

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Famous Canadians

• Avril Lavigne Pam Anderson
• Shania Twain Alanis Morissette
• Bryan Adams Jim Carrey
• Howie Mandel