Catholic University College of Ghana Fiapre-Sunyani

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Catholic University College of GhanaFiapre-Sunyan
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• INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY I

Audrey Asante, Faculty of ICST
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• Information Technology is technology that merges
  computing with high-speed communications links
  carrying data, sound and video.
• Technological convergence is also known as
  digital convergence. It is the technological
  merger of several industries through various
  devices that exchange information in the
  electronic, or digital, format used by computers.
  The industries are computers, communications,
  consumer electronics, entertainment, and mass
  media.

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• Convergence of technology means whereby people
  could watch television on their computers. People
  can also browse on their phones.
• Technological convergence is derived from a
  combination of two recent technologies, computer
  and communications.

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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• Computer technology a computer is a
  programmable, multiuse machine that accepts data
  (raw facts and figures) and processes, or
  manipulates, it into information we can use. Its
  purpose is to speed up problem solving and
  increase productivity.
• Communications technology communications or
  telecommunications, technology consists of
  electromagnetic devices and systems for
  communicating over long distances.

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COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS SYTEM ELEMENTS

• People
• Computer professionals users with extensive
  education in the technical aspects of using a
  computer and communications system.
• End users users with moderate technical
  knowledge of information technology.
• Procedures are descriptions of how things are
  done-steps for accomplishing a result or rules
  and guidelines for what is acceptable.

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DATA/INFORMATION

• Data consists of the raw facts and figures that
  are processed into information
• Information is summarized data or otherwise
  manipulated data that is useful for decision
  making.
• Units of measurement
• Bits
• Byte
• Kilobyte
• Megabyte
• Gigabyte
• Terabyte

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ANALOG AND DIGITAL

• Digital data consists of data represented by
  on/off signals. This is the method of data
  representation by which computers process ad
  store data and communicate with each other.
  Digital specifically refers to communications
  signals or information represented in a two-state
  (binary) way.
• Analog data is transmitted in a continuous form
  that closely resembles the information it
  represents.

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THE BASIC OPERATIONS OF COMPUTING

• Input operation
• Processing operation
• Output operation
• Secondary-storage operation
• Peripheral devices are pieces of hardware that
  are connected to a computer

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HARDWARE CATEGORIES

• Input
• Processing and memory
• Output
• Three principal types of output hardware. They
  are screens, printers, and sound output devices.
• Secondary storage
• Communications

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THREE DIRECTIONS OF COMPUTER DEVELOPMENT

• Smaller size
• More power
• Less expense

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Five types of computers

• Microcontrollers
• Microcomputers
• Minicomputers
• Mainframes
• Supercomputers
• Workstations are sophisticated desktop
  microcomputers used for technical purposes. Any
  of these four computers may be used as a server.

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SOFTWARE

• It consist of instructions that tell the computer
  how to perform a task
• Two major types are application software and
  system software
• Application software may be either custom or
  packaged (off the shelf program developed for
  sale to the general public)

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APPLICATION SOFTWARE

• Application software is software that has been
  developed to perform a specific task.