Daily Life in Ancient Egypt

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Daily Life in Ancient Egypt
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The New Kingdom

• Powerful Stable
• Maat- combination of ideas harmony with the
  universe, justice, order, peace
• Must maintain maat for the world to remain safe
  stable
• To maintain maat work hard, be a good person,
  live in harmony with one another
• Pharaoh rule wisely well so order was
  maintained

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The Hittite Empire

• Lived in Anatolia (present-day Turkey)
• Well-fortified capital
• Expanded empire to West South

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The Hittites

• Expansion was aided by their development of
  smelting iron
• Swords other weapons
• Chariots

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Your assignment
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Adorning the Body

• Light simple clothing
• Rich poor, men women work jewelry, dyed hair,
  wore wigs make-up

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Burial Practices

• Believed in the afterlife, preserved the body
• Wealthy Egyptians were mummified.- removed all
  organs but the heart, covered it in salt, 40 days
  later washed, oiled wrapped body in fabric.
  Spread black gooey momia over the body
• Poor Egyptians were wrapped in old clothing
  buried in the ground

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Crafts Trade

• Highly skilled- created furniture, jewelry,
  pottery
• Taught their craft at a young age, went to school
  at the pharaohs palace
• Traded grain, gold, copper, linen, gemstones, and
  minerals for timber, iron, silver, tin, and lead

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Domestic Life

• Married within social class. Girls- 12, Boys-14
• Upper class women oversaw the household, lower
  class women also cooked, cleaned, and helped in
  the field
• Women had rights and were seen as equal to men in
  the eyes of the law
• Children were allowed to play and be kids

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Food Drink

• Most Egyptians spent a lot of time farming to
  grown vegetables, wheat, and barley, which they
  made into bread beer. (Drank water wine, too)
• Very different based on class.
• Upper class Wide selection- meat and fowl (beef,
  pork, geese, ducks), vegetables (peas, beans,
  cucumbers, lettuce), cheese, cakes, fruit.
• Lower class simple meals-bread, vegetables, fish

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Housing

• Houses made of mud brick
• Upper class- large homes, 2 stories tall, many
  rooms including bathrooms
• Lower class- simple houses, few small rooms,
  narrow high windows little furniture

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Medicine

• Doctors used parts of plants and herbs, such as
  garlic, in their treatments
• Doctors treated injuries wounds with bandages
  and stitches, but did not perform surgery
• Relied on magicians to treat illness to help
  women during pregnancy child birth

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Music Dance

• Performed at public religious festivals,
  holidays, and feasts
• Usually women, many were supported by the royal
  court and nobles
• Variety of instruments- harp, lyre, flute, oboe,
  tambourine, drums

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Religious Beliefs

• Osiris- passed judgment on the souls of the dead
• Anubis- helped prepare bodies of dead for
  afterlife
• Priests and priestesses carried out rituals in
  temples to honor gods goddesses
• Commoners made offerings to gods and goddesses in
  their homes

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Social Classes
Pharaoh ---- Royal Family, Nobles, Gov.
Officials ----- Priests ----- Scribes ---- Artists
/Skilled Workers ---------- Laborers,
Farmers During flood season, famers would work
on the pharaohs building projects
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Warfare

• Army of full-time soldiers stationed throughout
  the empire to protect Egypt
• In peacetime, soldiers dug canals or built
  pharaohs tombs
• Mercenaries (soldiers from other lands who were
  paid to fight for Egypt) were sometimes part of
  the army
• Variety of weapons javelins, swords, shields,
  padded caps, chariots

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Writing Education

• Scribes administered laws, collected taxes,
  recorded the grain food supply, kept the
  census, measured the rise of the Nile kept
  military records
• Boys attended school for 12 years, often sunrise
  to sunset with strict teachers
• Learned hieroglyphics and hieratic writing