Howard Mold Counting

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Howard Mold Counting Method
FSA KOREA
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?? ? ???? ? ?? ? ??

• ?????, ??(2ea)

• ??? Monitoring, ?? ?? ??? mechanical
• stage? 40200?? ??? ??? ???

• 1? ???? ??, ???

• ???

• Homogenizer
• 48?? ??? ?? 200? ??? ?? ?
• (2? ?? ??)

• 70 ???

• ???? 5ea

• Howard Mold Chamber cover glass

• ?????

• Howard Mold Counting ?? Eye-piece

• ??? ??

• ???? weighing dish

• Hot plate stirrer ?? burner

• ?? ?? ?? CMC, 1 NaOH, 2-Octanol

• ?? 500? 3ea

• ????? 100? ?? 200? - 2ea

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Sampling
? ?
- 1 NaOH ready to use
- Silica gel ??? ?? 2-octanol ready to use
- 5 ??? ?? ????? 85? ? 475?? ?? 25g? ??? ???
??? ???? ???.(?? ??? ??? ????? ???? ? ??.)
10,000rpm
10,000rpm

???? ?? 5g
1 NaOH 30?
1 NaOH 70?
10,000rpm?? 5?? ??
1NaOH 70?? ??? ??? ???? ?? ???10,000rpm?? 3??
????.
Silicagel ?? 2-octanol34??? ??? ??? ????.
???? ??? ??? ????? ????? ?? ?? ????..
5 ??? 25ml
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Covering
X10
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Principle of Howard Mold Counting Method

• HMC? 1????(0.15?)? ???? ??? ???? ??/??? ????.

• HMC? ?? ??(50)? ??(?? ????)? ???? ?? ??? ??? ????
  ?? ???? ??? ?????.

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HMC?? ??????
X10
?? ?? pr2 ¼pd2 0.7854 X d2
???? ? ??? ?? ??2 X 0.7854
1.3822? X 0.7854
1.5?
?????? ?? 1.5?
??? 1?? ?? X ?? 1.5? X
0.1? 0.15?
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Eye - Piece Micrometer(??????)E.P.M

• E.P.M? ?? ?? ? 6??? ??? ??? ??? ?????? ???? ?????
  ???? ???? ??????. ?E.P.M? ??? ?? ?(ruler)?? ??
  ??? ??.

• E.P.M? AOAC? ????? ?????? ????? ?? ???? ???
  ????? ?? ????? ???? ??. ? ???? ???? ??? 1.382??
  1/6? ??? ? ??? ???? ??

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?? ? ??? ?? ??
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?? ??
X10
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??? ???? ?? ??? ??? ??? ??
1???
???? ???? ??? ??? ???? ???? ? ??? ?? ??? ???
?? ?? ?? ?? ???? ? ? ????
?? ?? ? ??? ??? ?? ? ?? ?? ???? ?? ???? ??? ???
???? ?? ?? ???? ? ? ????
2???
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(No Transcript)
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?? ???
- - - -
- - -
- - - -
- - -
- - - -
Set 1-1
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15
?? ???
- - -
- -
- - - -
- -
- - - -
Set 1-2
10
16
????? ??
17

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100
50
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??? ??? ?? ??? ??
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X100
19
X200
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X100
21
X200
22
X100
23
X200
24
X100
25
X200
26
X100
27
X200
28
X100
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X200
Not mold
30
???? ???? ??? ??? ??
Alternaria alternata
Fusarium sp.
Mucur circinelloides
Penicillum frequentans
Aspergillus niger
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?? ???? ???? ???? ?? ? ??? ?? ??
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History of MHC

• Troy, V.S. 1952. Mold Counting of Tomato Products
• Fábr, V.K. etc. 1959. Factors Involved in the
  interpretation of Mold Counts of Tomato Products.
  Food Technology. 13318-322
• Parran, H.M. etc. 1972. Method for Preparing
  Garlic Powder(Ground Dehydrated Garlic Bulbs) for
  Examination by the Howard Mold Count Method. J.
  of AOAC. 55(1)78-79
• Mossel, D.A. etc. 1975. Further Studies on the
  Suitability of Various Media containing
  Antibacterial Antibiotics for the Enumeration of
  Mould in Food and Food Environments. J. of Appl.
  Bacteriol. 39(1)15-22
• Cichowicz, S.M. 1978. Use of High-Speed Over-Head
  Mixer in Howard Mold Count Preparations. J. of
  AOAC. 61(4)992-994
• Blaser, P. 1978. Comparison of methods for the
  quantitative detection of Moulds in Food. ?.
  Communication Selective Staining Procedures for
  the Directmicrosocopic Mould Count. Zentralbl.
  Bakteriol. 166(1)45-62
• Robertson, A. etc. 1988. Immunofluorescence
  Detection of Mould-An Aid to the Howard Mould
  Counting Technique. Food Microbiology, 533-42

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Modified Method

• Jarvis, B. 1977. A Chemical Method for the
  Estimation of Mould in Tomato Products. J. of
  Food Tech. 12581-591
• Bishop, R.H. etc. 1982. Estimation of Fungal
  Contamination in Tomato Products by a Chemical
  Assay for Chitin. J. of Food Sci. 47437-439
• Cousin, M.A. etc. 1984. Chemical Detection of
  Mold in Processed Foods. J. of Food Sci.
  49439-445
• Lin, H.H. etc. 1985. Detection of Mold in
  Processed Foods by High Performance Liquid
  Chromatography. J. of Food Protec. 48(8)671-678
• Lin, H.H. etc. 1986. Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent
  Assay for Detection of Mold Tomato Puree. J. of
  Food Sci. 51(1)180-183
• Kamphuis, H.J. etc. 1989. A Rapid and Reliable
  Method for the Detection of Molds in Foods Using
  the Latex Aglutination Assay. J. of Food Protec.
  52(4)244-247
• Li, S.etc. 2000. Immunochemical Detection of
  Molds. J. of Food Protec. 63(2)281-291

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• ?? FSA KOREA Co.
• ?? ????? ??????????? - Dr. ???
• ????? ????? - Dr. ???
• ????????? - ??? ?????
• Hausser Scientific LTD. -
  Mr. Chip Behr