SARMa

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Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration
(IGME)Regional Division of central Macedonia

• SARMa Sustainable Aggregates Resource
  Management
• WP3 Leader
• Kick off meeting
• 15-17 June, Region of Emilia Romagna, Bologna

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Aggregates types in EU
Aggregates from Construction and Demolition
Waste in Europe, UEPG, 2006
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Aggregates quarries in Greece
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WP-3 Extraction and Demolition Site Level
ActivitiesChallenging targets

• The operational phase of aggregate quarrying runs
  from the first implementation of a minerals
  planning permission through to the completion of
  restoration and immediate aftercare works.
• The most important aspects of minimising the
  adverse effects of quarrying on the environment
  with respect to all relevant social, economic and
  environmental issues in both regional scale and
  local spatial planning.
• Re-use of quarry by-products produced during the
  extraction and processing of aggregates.

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WP-3 Extraction and Demolition Site Level
ActivitiesObjectives

• (1) decreasing environmental and social impacts
  of quarrying and improving reclamation,
• (2) reducing illegal quarrying, and
• (3) increasing recycling, which will decrease the
  use of primary aggregates

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WP-3 Extraction and Demolition Site Level
ActivitiesContribution to SARMa

• Primary aggregates are essential to the continued
  development and maintenance of infrastructure of
  housing, industry and transport.
• To ensure their continued provision in a steady
  and sustainable manner it is essential that
  aggregate assessment and planning be carried out
  both nationally and locally in an effective and
  efficient way.
• Through best practise guiding, control of illegal
  quarrying and recycling WP3 will contribute to
  achieve sustainable quarry life-cycles in
  relation to the entire production chain of
  planning and design, operational and post-closure
  phases.
• The benefit of improving the knowledge base at a
  local level should be highlighted to optimize
  aggregates extraction at site level.

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WP-3 Extraction and Demolition Site Level
ActivitiesMethodology based on 4 activities

• Activities will enhance information available at
  regional and national levels.
• WP3 starts at beginning of the project because it
  provides technical information for WP4 and WP5.
• Each activity has mix of partners based on their
  expertise, with at least six in each.
• Activities will be carried out in parallel and
  have the same methodology analysis (case
  studies), synthesis, evaluations, pilot actions
  (in some cases), outputs (reports, guidelines,
  and manual) and results (local to regional
  events).
• The activities merge at the evaluation stage.
• Activity 3.4 develops manuals to be used for
  capacity building workshops and other outreach
  activities in WP4.

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WP3 Task Activities

• 3.1 Best practices
• edition of manuals/guides/toolboxes
• towards aggregates sustainability
• 3.2 Illegal quarrying
• good communication, capacity building
• and stakeholder consultation to achieve
• social license to operate
• 3.3 Recycling
• re-use of quarry and demolition wastes.
• 3.4 Outreach/Communication
• Manuals, workshops etc

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices (TUC) Duration 05/2009-10/2010

• Objectives
• a) collect information on best practices and
  failures for aggregates extraction, e.g.
  environmental management, assessment of aggregate
  resource/uses information
• b) develop guidelines for post quarrying
  restoration/land use
• c) determine impediments to best practice, e.g.
  lack of knowledge, regulatory blocks
• d) prepare recommendations for industry and
  government actions to encourage best practice
  e.g. LCA study approaches (?)

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Role of each partner

• TUC will lead activity, and partners are IGME,
  ER, Parma, FGG, MINGORP, and RGF.
• Each partner involved will provide analysis of
  its own case studies (region) where several
  quarries will be examined.
• Partners will jointly work on synthesis,
  evaluation, outputs and results.
• Partners will prepare regional events (Croatia
  BiH together, Greece, Romania, Albania, Italy).

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Geographical location

• GR Laka, Mandalos,Araxos,
• IT Lanca dei Francesi,
• SP Fruska gora,
• RO Iacobdeal, Luminita-Tasaul,
• HR Terstenik

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Description of pilot sites/LAKA-GR

• Type of aggregate Gravel and sand
• Peculiarities Mainly superficial quartz deposits
  of particle size ranges, 0.0625 mmltsandlt4 mm 4
  mmltgravellt64 mm. Production residues / quarry
  wastes of mainly clay and silt inert or
  non-hazardous considerable variation in
  production rates from a few percent up to 30 of
  total mined material Quarry by-product fines
  from sand and gravel pits vary enormously, but
  production percentages fall within 5 to 15.
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project Re-utilization of an abandoned
  gravel mine situated in Laka area in the region
  of Pella. The mine was operable since 1960 until
  a few years ago but unfortunately it was shut
  down. The mine has a great significance for the
  local development. By implementing a pilot action
  through the activity 3.1, in the framework of the
  WP3 it will be possible to reach and adopt best
  practise operations and sustainable management.
  It should also be mentioned that 1300 hectares of
  the Laka deposit was subjected to illegal
  quarrying and needs to be restored.
• Development of a database of legal and illegal
  quarries and mines.

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Description of pilot sites/MANDALOS-GR

• Type of aggregate Basic and ultrabasic igneous
  rocks
• Peculiarities Production residues
  characteristics with large variation in size,
  very large oversize blocks and very fine
  undersize particles inert / non-hazardous.
  Igneous rocks produce between 10 to 30 fines.
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project The Sustainable Use of High
  Specification Aggregates for Skid-Resistant Road
  and Railway Surfacing is of frequent request
  amongst local stakeholders. The Mandalos quarry
  is one of the few sites where igneous rock
  aggregates extraction is in operation.

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Description of pilot sites/ARAXOS-GR

• Type of aggregate
• Limestone quarry owned by AKTOR, a major
  construction company in Greece, which has an
  observer role in SARMa.
• Peculiarities
• Production residues composition similar to
  rock, but with higher quantities of chert and
  clay some streams may also contain small amounts
  of vein materials. Variable quantities depending
  on the local topography and geology
  non-hazardous. Limestone quarrying generates
  around 20-25 fines.
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project All available information concerning
  current operational and production phases as well
  as related environmental and societal issues of
  the Araxos limestone aggregates quarry, show that
  a new more resource efficient sustainable way of
  management is required.

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practicesDescription of pilot sites/Lanca dei
Francesi

• Type of aggregate Fluvial sand
• Peculiarities The quarry is located within the
  Po River overbanks, in a flat land that can be
  occasionally submerged during river floods. The
  quarry started to operate in 2003. The amounts
  extracted during five years were1.000.000 m3 of
  sand and 290.000 m3 of clay.. Restoration
  included the creation differentiated humid zones.
  The sand is used in foundries and the clay in
  tiles. No processing is taking place. The sand
  goes to the local or provincial market. There is
  no waste
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project In 2007 the Province of Parma
  applied better restoration of the quarrying sites
  in the Po river banks according to the regional
  guide lines. This concerns about 1.250.000 m3 of
  sand 250.000 m3 of clay

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Work to be undertaken on pilot sites

• Geological mapping, and aggregates resource
  evaluation, potential and sustainability
• Efficiency of Primary Aggregates Production e.g.
  water energy consumption, transport
• Extraction vs environmental management and pre-,
  syn -, and post-quarrying restoration land use
• Legal monitoring and environmental impacts as
  viewed by local/regional authorities
• Waste management
• Market research e.g. potential applications,
  products demand and availability vs
  local/regional needs

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Activity 3.1 Environmentally friendly extraction
practices Deliverables/Outputs

• Best practices collected from the pilot areas and
  elsewhere will become fully operational towards
  resource efficiency.
• Best practise manuals will be printed and
  disseminated
• Operational guidelines and recommendations for
  industry and government
• Creation of database of legal and illegal
  quarries
• Manual on environmentally friendly practises for
  the industry aiming to implement tools for
  sustainable extraction of aggregate resources

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3.2. Illegal quarrying (IGR)Objectives
(07/2009-12/2010)

• a) case studies (5 regions) on illegal quarrying
  identify incentives and problems,
• b) legal and illegal quarrying workshops
  interested groups can share preferences,
  knowledge and experiences, and develop
• c) recommendations on socially acceptable, life
  cycle quarrying
• d) database of illegal quarries (pilot action),
  and
• e) high-efficiency techniques for quarry
  monitoring

The benefit of improving the knowledge base at a
local level should be highlighted
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3.2. Illegal quarryingRole of each partner

• IGR is lead, with partners METE, Pella and IGME,
  MINGORP, ER, and Parma.
• Partners will monitor both illegal quarries
  (those with no permissions, e.g., in Albania) and
  illegal activities at legal quarries (actions
  outside legally bonding framework, e.g., in
  Emilia-Romagna).
• Pilot action Test design/structure of database
  on illegal quarries in Albania.

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3.2. Illegal quarryingGeographical location

• RO Gostavatu,
• GR Laka,
• IT Taro River,
• AL Fushe Kruje,
• HR Terstenik

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3.2. Illegal quarryingMethodology

• Effective and regular dissemination of
  information to particular stakeholder groups.
• Developing mechanisms to increase communication
  and discussion between stakeholders.
• Training courses and quarry visits.
• Remote monitoring of illegal quarrying

Good communication, capacity building and
stakeholder consultation to achieve social
license to operate
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3.2. Illegal quarryingWork to be carried out

• Implementation of case studies (in five regions)
  on illegal quarrying, identifying incentives
  (legal, social, economic) for the activity, as
  well as problems associated therewith.
• Implementation of facilitated community
  engagement workshops on quarrying, both legal and
  illegal, in which a range of stakeholders will
  participate and share their opinions,
  preferences, knowledge and experience. The
  importance of good communication and stakeholder
  consultation will be highlighted throughout the
  planning system, particularly at the local level.
• Preparation of recommendations for socially
  acceptable quarrying over the full life cycle
  based on content of the best practice manuals and
  outcome of the workshops

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3.2. Illegal quarryingDeliverables/Outputs

• Report on 5 case study areas ALB, ROM, HR, GR,
  IT
• Creation of database framework of legal and
  illegal quarries
• Provision of recommendations for socially
  acceptable quarrying
• Action plan for social licence to mine
• Validation of implementation rules for avoiding
  illegal quarrying

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3.3. Recycling (ANPAR)Duration 07/2009-12/2010

• Objectives
• a) preparation of life cycle analyses of primary
  and secondary aggregates used in construction,
  transportations infrastructure, etc. and disposed
  of in land fills or by recycling, etc.
• b) determine impediments to recycling and use of
  secondary materials
• c) prepare recommendations for quarry waste
  management,
• d) preparation of CD waste manual.

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Natural vs recycled aggregates
Aggregates from Construction and Demolition
Waste in Europe, UEPG, 2006
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3.3. RecyclingRole of each partner

• Anpar will provide expertise on recycling schemes
  and policy, and application of life cycle
  analysis to mineral waste/by-products recycling.
• Anpar and partners (IGME, IGR, GeoZS, METE) will
  provide case study locations and collaborate on
  preparation of recommendations and other joint
  tasks.
• Anpar will provide manual on conduct of life
  cycle analyses.

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3.3. RecyclingGeographical location

• AL Fushe Kruje,
• GR Vermio, Vavdos/Gerakini, Laka, Mandalos,
  Araxos,
• IT Nerviano, Legnano
• RO Moldova Noua, Deva
• SI V. Pirešica, Sežana, Hotavlje, Dogoše, Novo
  mesto, Stahovica

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3.3. RecyclingDescription of pilot
sites/Vavdos-Gerakini

• Type of aggregate Dunitic leftovers after
  magnesite quarrying
• Peculiarities Large volume of unprocessed waste
  containing high value industrial minerals
  commonly used in construction applications
  market would be located in close proximity.
  quarry scalpings quarry blocks Fill, low grade
  road stone, armour stone.
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project Voluminous amounts of igneous rock
  wastes/residues which can be used as aggregates
  and other applications in this way contributing
  to resource efficiency and sustainability.

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3.3. RecyclingDescription of pilot
sites/Nerviano Ecoter (plant 1), Legnano Ecoter
(plant 2)

• Type of aggregate Recycled aggregate
• Peculiarities These two twin plants represent
  two of the best aggregate recycling facilities in
  Italy.The plants are equipped with very high
  level technology machineries and produce 150 kt/y
  (each) of CE marked recycled aggregates. They
  have an internal laboratory to control the
  quality of the materials produced (6 types of
  aggregates 0/6, 0/16, 0/30, 16/30 and 0/70).For
  the collection on site they developed a special
  system based on mobile containers sited on the
  city building yards.
• Justification why is this site interesting for
  the project The recycling centres might
  represent best practice examples to be exported
  to other SEE countries.

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3.3. RecyclingOptions and tasks to be paid
attention and carried out

• mapping, quantification, characterization,
  feasibility
• providing an overview of production figures and
  mitigation practices
• valuable alternative materials for use in a
  variety of end products, and bound and unbound
  applications
• do not necessarily behave in a way similar to
  conventional primary aggregates
• need to develop fit-for-purpose specifications
• limestone, 20-25 sandstone 35 igneous rocks,
  10 to 30 sand and gravel 5 to 15

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3.3. RecyclingDeliverables/Outputs

• Reports on life cycle analyses of aggregates/case
  studies GR, IT, SLO, ALB, RO including the whole
  operational chain of quarry-life (planning and
  design, and operational and post-closure phases).
• Provision of recommendations for consumer,
  industry and government actions.

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Waste needs a market

• Aggregate, landfill local market
• Industrial minerals regional/national/inter-natio
  nal market (depending on value)
• Armour stone close to harbour
• Environmental stone local/regional?
• Easiest for quarries in populated areas!

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3.3. RecyclingSustainability aspects

• need for a steady stream of mineral planning
  permissions for new quarries and for extensions
  of existing operations.
• need to improve the sustainability of quarry
  operations in terms of reducing quarry fines
  production and reductions in energy and water
  consumption.
• improve aggregate reserve definition by use of
  better, more accurate, exploration and assessment
  techniques.
• minimise fines production through carefully
  selected or modified crushing and screening
  circuits.
• transport of aggregate from a quarry or other
  source to the point of use is essential affecting
  communities in the vicinity of transport routes
  and infrastructure and the global environment as
  it is estimated that transport accounts for
  between 20 and 40 of the total carbon dioxide
  emissions generated by the aggregate industry as
  a whole. Alternatives to road transport are
  limited.
• The SARMa project will contribute to improving
  knowledge and practice
• and reducing the adverse environmental effects of
  transport.

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3.4Outreach/CommunicationObjectives

• Preparation of a manual synthesizing
• reports and recommendations from
• each site level activity. It will explain
• requirements for and actions needed to
• enhance resource efficiency in
• quarrying at local level.

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3.4Outreach/CommunicationRole of each partner

• All group members will be involved. Manuals will
  be used in workshops of WP2 and all partners will
  disseminate them.
• They will be printed in English and local
  languages of countries involved.

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WP3 Time frame(first 15 months)

• M0-M6 operational evaluation and legal and waste
  use aspects of the selected aggregates producing
  pilot areas along with complementary field work.
  Inventory and relevant data base approaches
• M6-M7 technical meeting of WP3 to assess the
  current state of the local quarry sites
  operations and discussions for sustainable
  improvements
• M7-M15 results local/regional scale exploitation
  along with case-by-case edition of best practice
  guides and related SDI/LCA achievements

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Institute of Geology and Mineral Exploration
(IGME)Regional Division of central Macedonia

• Thank you for your attention
• narvanitidis_at_thes.igme.gr