Trench Warfare

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Trench Warfare

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• What is trench warfare?

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• Military operations in which the opposing forces
  attack and counterattack from systems of
  fortified ditches rather than an open battlefield
• Strategy of defending a position by fighting from
  the protection of deep ditches

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Trench Diagrams
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First Battle of the Marne

• French troops stop German advance
• Germans dig in and prepare to hold their ground
• Two massive systems of opposing trenches stretch
  for 400 miles across the western front

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What was it like?

• Men standing in slime for days and nights in
  field bootslost all sense of feeling in their
  feet. These feet of theirs, so cold and wet,
  began to swell and then go dead and then
  suddenly to burn as though touched by red hot
  pokers.
• A picture of trench foot

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• Nothing to see but bare mud walls, nowhere to
  sit but on a wet muddy ledge no shelter of any
  kind against the weather except the clothes you
  are wearing no exercise you can take in order to
  warm yourself.

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Trench Conditions

• Hopeless
• Bleak and uncomfortable
• Trenches ranged from simple holes to complex
  networks that were six to eight feet deep with
  rooms for sleeping and eating
• Cold, wet, and dirty
• Many health problems- disease spreads rapidly
• Wide enough for 2 people to pass
• Little shelter from the elements
• Boring- could only repair trenches at night under
  cover of darkness
• Attacks came before dawn
• Soldiers go over the top and are mowed down by
  machine gun

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• From trench to trench
• Area in between trenches called no- mans land
• 200 to 1000 yards
• Much of fighting took place here
• Littered with the bodies of men

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Some historians call WWI the first industrial
war. Several new technologies were developed for
warfare. One of the most destructive new weapons
used in WWI was

1. The atomic bomb
2. The cannon
3. The fighter jet
4. Poison gas

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How did technology make WWI different from
previous conflicts?

1. The destructive nature of new weapons meant the
   war ended quickly
2. The destructive nature of the new weapons meant
   more casualties
3. Less men were required to fight
4. Generals were able to control the fight fully

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Battle strategy in which soldiers fought from
deep pits dug in the earth

1. Schlieffen Plan
2. Triple Entente
3. Alliance System
4. Trench Warfare

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New weapon that caused blindness, blisters and
choking.

1. Poison gas
2. Machine Gun
3. Tank
4. No Mans Land

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Who was President of the US during WWI?

1. Warren G. Harding
2. Calvin Coolidge
3. Woodrow Wilson
4. Abraham Lincoln

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