Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife Management

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Lesson 1

• Exploring the History and Importance of Wildlife
  Management

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Common Core/Next Generation Science Standards
Addressed!

• HS-ESS3-1. Construct an explanation based on
  evidence for how the availability of natural
  resources, occurrence of natural hazards, and
  changes in climate have influenced human
  activity. Clarification Statement Examples of
  key natural resources include access to fresh
  water (such as rivers, lakes, and groundwater),
  regions of fertile soils such as river deltas,
  and high concentrations of minerals and fossil
  fuels. Examples of natural hazards can be from
  interior processes (such as volcanic eruptions
  and earthquakes), surface processes (such as
  tsunamis, mass wasting and soil erosion), and
  severe weather (such as hurricanes, floods, and
  droughts). Examples of the results of changes in
  climate that can affect populations or drive mass
  migrations include changes to sea level, regional
  patterns of temperature and precipitation, and
  the types of crops and livestock that can be
  raised.
• CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.3 Analyze a complex
  set of ideas or sequence of events and explain
  how specific individuals, ideas, or events
  interact and develop over the course of the text.
• CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RI.11-12.7 Integrate and
  evaluate multiple sources of information
  presented in different media or formats (e.g.,
  visually, quantitatively) as well as in words in
  order to address a question or solve a problem.

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Bell Work !

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Terms to Know

• Aesthetic value
• Commercial value
• Domestication
• Ecological value
• Ecology
• Endangered species act
• Exploitation
• Forest service
• Game value

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Terms to Know

• Lacey Act
• Migratory Bird Conservation Act
• Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act
• National Park Service
• Pittman-Robertson Act
• Scientific value
• Wildlife
• Wildlife conservation
• Wildlife management
• Wildlife Refuge Service

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Explain the history of wildlife conservation

• In the 1600s, when the pilgrims arrived,
  wildlife was plentiful and was able to meet the
  needs of the people.
• Needs turned into wants, which led to
  exploitation - the use of natural resources for
  profit.
• By the 1800s, people began to see a need for
  conservation of our natural resources

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What is the history of wildlife conservation?

• Morrill Act of 1862
• Established colleges to teach agriculture.
  (NMSU)
• Made land grant universities such as the
  University of Illinois.

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What is the history of wildlife conservation?

• Yellowstone National Park
• First national park in the world.
• Its purpose was to preserve the natural resources
  of the area.
• 1872
• Located in Idaho, Montana Wyoming
• 3,472 sq. miles
• 2,221,773 sq. acres

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• National Park Service
• Enacted in 1916.
• Federal agency responsible for the care of the
  national parks.
• Lacey Act
• Regulates the shipment of illegally killed
  animals.
• Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife.

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• Migratory Bird Conservation Act
• First step in protecting migratory birds.
• 1929
• Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act
• Requires people planning on hunting migratory
  birds to purchase special stamps.
• 1937
• Has raised over 1 billion to date.

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• Pittman-Robertson Act
• Raises money in the form of taxes on hunting
  equipment and ammunition
• 1937

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• Endangered Species Act
• Identifies and manages rare, threatened and
  endangered species.
• Threatened-population is in danger of becoming
  endangered.
• Endangered-population is in danger of becoming
  extinct.

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• Wildlife Refuge System
• A system of wildlife refuges across the United
  States.
• A part of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
• 1966

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What are the national policies that impact
wildlife conservation?

• Forest Service
• Part of the USDA that manages 156 forests
  covering 191 million acres of forests and
  grassland.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• John James Audubon (1785-1851)
• Watched and studied birds.
• Published a book about his bird studies.
• 1905 the National Audubon Society was formed.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• John Muir (1838-1914)
• Partly responsible for the development of
  Yellowstone and Sequoia National Parks.
• Encouraged President Roosevelt to establish these
  parks.
• Started the Sierra Club.
• California forest named after him.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)
• Known as the Father of the Conservation
  Movement.
• Passed legislations to help protect natural
  resource.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• Aldo Leopold (1886-1948)
• Applied ecology to wildlife.
• Ecology is the study of how organisms interact
  with their environment.
• (Leopold lived and worked in Silver City NM)
• Wrote a book called Game Management that was used
  to help further educate wildlife biologists.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946)
• One of the first leaders of what is now known as
  the U.S. Forest Service.
• Wrote a book called The Fight for Conservation.
• His efforts focused on the conservation of
  forests.

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Historical People in Wildlife Conservation

• Hugh Bennett (1881-1960
• Father of soil conservation.
• First person to run the Soil Conservation
  Service.
• Jay Darling (1872-1962)
• Designed the first migratory bird stamp.
• Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural resources.
• His cartoons made the public aware of the need
  for wildlife conservation.

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The work of Jay Darling

• Land, water and vegetation are just that
  dependent on one another. Without these three
  primary elements in natural balance, we can have
  neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees,
  labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for
  humans
• Jay Ding Darling 

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The work of Jay Darling
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What are the values of wildlife

• Plants and animals that have not been
  domesticated are called wildlife.
• Domestication is being under control of humans.
• There are five basic values of wildlife

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Five Basic Values of Wildlife

• Aesthetic value - the enjoying of wildlifes
  beauty and pleasure
• Scientific value - studying and research of
  wildlife for their use in medications, integrated
  pest management, etc
• Ecological Value - the interaction of wildlife in
  nature

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Five Basic Values of Wildlife

• Commercial - using wildlife to earn money
• Game Value - the enjoyment value gained through
  hunting and fishing

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What are wildlife conservation and wildlife
management?

• Wildlife Conservation-the wise use of natural
  resources in our environment.
• Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts.
• Education - learning how to conserve wildlife and
  its resources.
• Research - using science to better understand the
  needs and requirements of wildlife and its
  habitat.

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What are wildlife conservation and wildlife
management?

• Wildlife Conservation is divided in 4 parts
  (continued)
• Law Enforcement - ensures that all laws related
  to wildlife are followed.
• Wildlife Management - manipulation of wildlife to
  achieve a positive goal.

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Review

• What is wildlife exploitation?
• List and explain the national policies that
  impact wildlife conservation.
• Identify historical people to wildlife
  conservation.
• Describe the values of wildlife.
• What is wildlife management?
• What is wildlife conservation?