Infantry Warfighting Conference

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Infantry Warfighting Conference
General J.D. Thurman Commanding General, U.S.
Army Forces Command 14 September 2010
as of 131730Sep10
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Agenda

• Strategic Context
• What Land Forces Must Do and State of Play
• ARFORGEN Model and the Demand Forecast
• CEF Unit Training Strategy
• Training for Full Spectrum Operations
• FORSCOM Commanders Training Guidance
• Final Thoughts

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The Evolving Character of Conflict
The nature of conflict is timeless
Diverse Actors State Non-state
Hybrid Threats Dynamic combinations of
conventional, irregular, terrorist, and criminal
capabilities
Among the People
Medias 24 Hour News Cycle
Unpredictable Location, Adversaries, Context,
Duration
the character reflects the the unique
conditions of the era.
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What Balanced Land Forces Must Do
What Land Forces Must Do

• Prevail in protracted counterinsurgency
  campaigns

• Engage to help others build the capacity to deny
  their countries to terrorist organizations

• Support civil authorities at home and abroad

• Deter or defeat hybrid threats and hostile state
  actors

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Qualities of Land Forces

• Versatility
• Central Organizing Principle
• Multi-purpose forces
• Balanced mix of capabilities

• Expeditionary
• Organized, trained and equipped for worldwide
  employment
• Expeditionary mindset

• Interoperability
• Unity of effort with partners
• Building partner capacities
• Interoperable mindset

An agile, disciplined Warrior Team, dominant
across the spectrum of 21st Century conflict

• Sustainability
• Soldiers, DA Civilians and Families
• RC as Operational Force
• Rotational predictability

• Agility
• Rapidly shift between tasks
• Adapt to exploit opportunities
• Agile units, minds, and
• institutions

• Lethality
• Armys core competency
• Lethal precision
• Precise non-lethal fires

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State of Play
Demand
Sep10
Available

• While we expect an increase in the global force
  requirements in FY12, we estimate that the gross
  number of soldiers required to meet demand will
  actually decrease by 2

FY11 FY12
of Reqts 1,141 1,476
of Soldiers 140,911 138,408
Be Ready for the Unexpected
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Headquarters and Select Units BOGDwell (FY10)
Capability Unit Type Number of Units BOGDwell Avg
Headquarters Corps Headquarters 3 1 1.4 (AC)
Headquarters Division Headquarters 10/8 1 1.3 (AC)
     
Maneuver Heavy Brigade Combat Teams 18/7 1 1.4 (AC)
Maneuver Infantry Brigade Combat Teams 20/20 1 1.3 (AC)1 2.8 (RC)
Maneuver Stryker Brigade Combat Teams 7/1 1 1.6 (AC) 1 4.0 (RC)
Maneuver Combat Aviation Brigades 12/8 1 1.2 (AC)
     
High Demand Capabilities AC Engineer Support Co 9 1 1.0 (AC)
High Demand Capabilities AC Heavy Equipment Transport Co 4 1 1.0 (AC)
High Demand Capabilities AC Mobility Augmentation Co 7 1 1.2 (AC)
High Demand Capabilities AC Public Affairs Detachments 12 1 1.4 (AC)
High Demand Capabilities ARNG Area Support Medical Co 37 1 2.3 (RC)
High Demand Capabilities USAR HHC, Civil Affairs Command 9 1 1.1 (RC)
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ARFORGEN
the Army mission is to provide to combatant
commanders the forces and capabilities necessary
to execute the National Security, National
Defense, and National Military Strategies.
-- FM 1 The Army, June 2005

• The structured progression of increased unit
  readiness over time, resulting in recurring
  periods of availability of trained, ready, and
  cohesive units prepared for operational
  deployment in support of civil authorities and
  combatant commander requirements.
  -- Draft AR 525-XX,
  ARFORGEN Fundamentals

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FY12 Total Operating Force
835.4K
45
37
18
AC 376.0K
ARNG 309.4K
USAR 150.0K
Joint Support (7)
55.2K
15.7K
4 Corps HQs / 18 Div HQs (2)
73 BCTs (31)
262.4K
20 Aviation BDEs (6)
51.6K
78 Multi-Functional SPT BDEs (9)
71.1K
130 Functional SPT BDEs (40)
335.8K
43.6K
Special Operations (5)
USAR
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Proportional Contribution Force Package
Construct
FY12 - 14 12 AC / 14 RC
By FY15 13 AC / 15 RC
1
1
1 Corps HQ
1 Corps HQ
4
1
3
1
5 Div HQs
4 Div HQs
15
5
11
4
20 BCTs
15 BCTs
41K
31K
49K
41K
72 K Enablers
90 K Enablers
AC 12
RC 14
AC 13
RC 15

• The Force Packaging construct provides increased
  predictability for all units
• Proportional Contribution from the Guard and
  Reserve enables the Active Component (AC) to
  achieve sustainable Boots On the GroundDwell
  ratios
• FY10 Combat Support (CS) / Combat Service
  Support (CSS) capabilities in the RC
• 70 of all Army CS / CSS
• 75 of Engineer units
• 75 of Transportation units
• Without access to RC, the Armys Force Package
  would have to be much smaller

• 73 of all Army CS / CSS
• 77 of Engineer units
• 82 of Transportation units

FY17 going to
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ARFORGEN - The Rotational Model
A versatile mix of tailorable and networked
formations operating on a rotational model
Surge Force Selected Contingency Expeditionary
Force (CEF) units in the Train/Ready Force Pool
designated for emergent requirements or
contingency operations.
AC RC
6 months 12 months
18 months 36 months
12 months 12 months
(12 AC) (14 RC)
Mission Force
RESET
TRAIN / READY
AVAILABLE
Aim Point
Aim Point
Surge Force
Mission Force The composition of forces in
the Available Force Pool consisting of all
Deployed Expeditionary Forces (DEFs) and CEFs.
P2 S2 R2 T4 C4
P1 S1 R1 T3 C3
1/6 of Operating Force
1/2 of Operating Force including a Surge Force
of 1 Corps Headquarters
3 Division Headquarters 10 BCTs
41 K of Enablers
1/3 of Operating Force 1 Corps Headquarters
5 Division Headquarters 20 BCTs 90 K of
Enablers
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Demand Forecast
Contingency Expeditionary Force (CEF) Army
General Purpose Force units designated during the
ARFORGEN Synchronization Process and given an
Available Force Pool Date (AFPD) in order to
execute a contingency mission, operational
plan, or other Army requirement.
CEF Units
1 Corps 4 Divs 11 BCTs 8 MFBs 35 FBs
Contingency Expeditionary Force
CEF Missions - Global Response Force -
Warplan Alignment - Theater Security
Cooperation Events - JCS and Army
Exercises - Homeland Defense/Civil Support
- Institutional Support Missions - DEF

Supply-Based ARFORGEN
Unit Requirements
Deployed Expeditionary Force
Time
Deployed Expeditionary Force (DEF) Army General
Purpose Force units assigned or allocated during
the Global Force Management and ARFORGEN
Synchronization Processes and having the
responsibility to execute assigned missions,
designated by having a Latest Arrival Date (LAD).
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CEF Unit Strategy AC Brigade Combat Team
Activities by Force Pool
FY 13
FY 12
FY 11
Reset
Train/Ready
Available Mission Force
Months
0
6
12
15
24
36
C5
C4
Aim Point 1
P2 S2 R2 T4 C4
NLT Return90 - CEF Alignment - Receive
Available Force Pool Date (AFPD) -
CEF Menu of Options
I / C / S Staff Sect TNG

Institutional Training
Legend I / C / S Individual / Crew /
Squad R Day of Return from Available Pool
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CEF Unit Strategy AC Brigade Combat Team
Activities by Force Pool
FY 13
FY 12
FY 11
Reset
Train/Ready
Available Mission Force
Months
0
6
12
15
24
36
C5
C4
C1
C2
Aim Point 1
Aim Point 2
Surge Force
AFPD
P1 S1 R1 T3 C3
P2 S2 R2 T4 C4
P1 S1 R1 T1 C1
NLT Return90 - CEF Alignment - Receive
Available Force Pool Date (AFPD) -
CEF Menu of Options
I / C / S Staff Sect TNG
CO Mnvr BN/BDE Staff Prof
BN Mnvr BN/BDE Staff Prof
CTC P1 90 R 15 MOS

BDE Training Event
FSO/Assigned Mission Collective Training
FSO Collective Training
Institutional Training
Builds To BDE/BN Staff Company Collective
Proficiency
Sustains BDE/BN Staff Company Collective
Proficiency
Legend I / C / S Individual / Crew /
Squad R Day of Return from Available Pool CTC
Combat Training Center
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CEF Unit Strategy AC Brigade Combat Team
Activities by Force Pool
FY 13
FY 12
FY 11
Reset
Train/Ready
Available Mission Force
Months
0
6
12
15
24
36

C5
C4
C1
C2
CEF Missions - Global Response Force -
Warplan alignment - Theater Security
Cooperation Events - JCS and Army Exercises
- Homeland Defense/Civil Support -
Institutional Support Missions - DEF
Aim Point 1
Aim Point 2
Surge Force
AFPD
P1 S1 R1 T3 C3
P2 S2 R2 T4 C4
P1 S1 R1 T1 C1
NLT Return90 - CEF Alignment - Receive
Available Force Pool Date (AFPD) -
CEF Menu of Options
CEF to DEF
I / C / S Staff Sect TNG
CO Mnvr BN/BDE Staff Prof
BN Mnvr BN/BDE Staff Prof
CTC P1 90 R 15 MOS
OPLAN 50XX XXX FY 13
ALERT

BDE Training Event
BDE DEPEX L/V/C
BN/BDE FTX L/V/C
BN/BDE CPX L/V/C
FSO/Assigned Mission Collective Training
FSO Collective Training
Institutional Training
Gunnery L/V/C
Builds To BDE/BN Staff Company Collective
Proficiency
Sustains BDE/BN Staff Company Collective
Proficiency
Sustains and Improves Collective Training
Proficiency
Legend I / C / S Individual / Crew /
Squad R Day of Return from Available Pool CTC
Combat Training Center L / V / C Live /
Virtual / Constructive
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Warfighting Across the Spectrum of ConflictFull
Spectrum Operations
Army units conducting, simultaneously if need be
. . . Offense, Defense, and Stability
Operations . . . across the spectrum of conflict
COIN focused
Capitalize on combat experience
Joint operations access - forcible entry
Adjust OE for hybrid threats
Continued adaptation of our CTCs
Atrophy of weapons skills
Our greatest collective training challenge today
. . . at home station and at the Combat Training
Centers!
A leader is a man who can adapt principles to
circumstances -- General George Patton
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Full Spectrum Operations (FSO)
Army forces combine offensive, defensive, and
stability or civil support operations
simultaneously as part of an interdependent Joint
force to seize, retain, and exploit the
initiative, accepting prudent risk to create
opportunities to achieve decisive results. They
employ synchronized action lethal and nonlethal
proportional to the mission, and informed by a
thorough understanding of all dimensions of the
operational environment.

• Wide Area Security
• Application of the elements of combat power in
  coordination with other military and civilian
  capabilities
• to deny the enemy positions of advantage

• Combined Arms Maneuver
• Application of the elements of combat power in
  a complementary and reinforcing manner to
  preserve freedom of action and to exploit success

• Operate decentralized
• Combined arms capabilities
• Ability to develop the situation
• Ability to seize and retain the initiative

• Defeat mechanisms
• Destroy - enemy no longer performs any function
• Dislocate positional advantage, rendering
  enemys dispositions irrelevant
• Disintegrate disruption of C2, rapid collapse
  of capabilities will to fight
• Isolate deny access to capabilities
• Stability mechanisms
• Compel - use or threat of lethal force to
  establish control, effect change, enforce
  compliance
• Control - imposition of civil order
• Influence - shaping opinions / attitudes of
  civilian population
• Support - establish / strengthen conditions of
  instruments of national power

Requires This

• Apply appropriate combinations of
• Defeat mechanism
• Stability mechanisms
• Produce complementary reinforcing effects

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FORSCOM CGs Training Guidance

• Combined arms focus
• Training based on FSO METL
• Focus on fire support systems
• 50 percent of the training must be done at night
• Air-ground integration
• Logistical systems must be offensive minded and
  move over extended distances (e.g., refuel on the
  move)
• Units will conduct combined arms offensive live
  fire
• Units will conduct combined arms breach
• Units will conduct a minimum of one COMEX on
  their own tactical network in a field environment
  prior to going to a CTC
• Reinvigorate chemical training (e.g., donning
  protective equipment, decontaminating self and
  equipment)

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Final Thoughts

• Todays environment VUCA Volatile,
  Uncertain, Complex, and Ambiguous
• This requires continuous adaptation and agile
  leadership
• Know your Soldiers capitalize on combat
  experience!
• Get back to basics and fundamentals
• Think Full Spectrum Operations we must regain
  our balance in training
• Reinstitute Maintenance Management Systems
• Develop Soldiers and Leaders
• Re-establish Training Management Systems
• Take care of your Soldiers, Families, and
  Civilians

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Full Spectrum Operations
The Armys Operational Concept

• Combination of
• Offensive Operations
• Defensive Operations
• Stability Operations (Foreign)
• Civil Support (Domestic)
• Executed Simultaneously
• Synchronized Lethal and Non-Lethal Action
• Conducted with Joint, Interagency,
  Intergovernmental and Multinational partners
• Operational emphasis changes with mission,
  echelon, time and location

Defense
Offense
Stability
Civil Support
Simultaneous combinations of these elements,
continually adapted to conditions, are the key to
successful land operations
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Versatility
Modular Brigades
Our Central Organizing Principle
Heavy BCT

• Precision is impossible in predicting force
  requirements
• A versatile Army provides a balanced
• mix of multipurpose capabilities and
• sufficient capacity to accomplish a broad
• range of tasks

Stryker BCT
Infantry BCT
Combat Aviation Brigade
Components of Versatility
Fires Brigade
Modular Force Structure
Operational Concept
Battlefield Surveillance Brigade
Maneuver Enhancement Brigade
Full Spectrum Operations
Area Support