Parenting

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Chapter 11

• Parenting
• Key Terms

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• Parenting
• The raising of a child by its parents.
• Transition to parenthood
• The period of time from the beginning of
  pregnancy through the first few months after the
  birth of a baby.

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• Oxytocin
• A hormone from the pituitary gland during the
  expulsive stage of labor that has been associated
  with the onset of maternal behavior in lower
  animals.
• Baby blues
• Transitory symptoms of depression twenty-four to
  forty-eight hours after the baby is born.

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• Postpartum depression
• Believed to be a result of the numerous
  physiological and psychological changes occurring
  during pregnancy, labor, and delivery.

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• Responsiveness
• Refers to the extent to which parents respond to
  and meet the needs of their children.
• Demandingness
• The manner in which parents place demands on
  children in regard to expectations and discipline.

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• Overindulgence
• Giving children too much, too soon, too long- it
  is a form of child neglect where children are not
  allowed to develop their own competences.
• Time out
• A noncorporal form of punishment that involves
  removing the child from a context of
  reinforcement to a place of isolation for one
  minute for each year of the childs age.

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• Developmental-maturational training approach
• Views what children do, think, and feel as being
  influenced by their genetic inheritance.
• Although genes dictate the unfolding of a unique
  person, every individual passes through the same
  basic pattern of growth.
• This pattern includes four aspects of
  development motor behavior, adaptive behavior,
  language behavior, and personal-social behavior.

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• Behavioral approach
• Also known as the social learning approach, this
  is based on the work of B. F. Skinner and
  focuses on conditioning.
• Parent effectiveness training
• Focuses on what children feel and experience in
  the here and nowhow they see the world.

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• Socioteleological approach
• Because children feel powerless in the face of
  adult superiority, they try to compensate by
  gaining attention, exerting power, seeking
  revenge, and acting inadequate.

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• Attachment parenting
• Dr. William Sears along with his wife, Martha
  Sears, developed this approach that focuses on
  parents connecting with their baby.