BACTERIA

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BACTERIA

• SBI 3C

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Lesson Outline

• 2 Kingdoms
• Classifying Bacteria
• Cell Wall Composition
• Shape
• Configuration
• Reproduction

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Bacterial Kingdoms

• Bacteria are classified into two kingdoms
• Archaebacteria
• Eubacteria
• Both are prokaryotes (no membrane-bound nucleus
  or organelles)

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Classification Cell Wall

• The composition of the cell wall varies among
  bacteria and helps to identify different types
• Eubacteria contain peptidoglycan in their cell
  walls
• Hans Christian Gram (1884) developed the Gram
  staining method

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Gram Staining
ANTHRAX

• Bacterial sample stained with various dyes
• Gram-positive bacteria (e.g. Staphylococcus)
  appear purple because they have a lot of
  peptidoglycan in the cell wall to hold dye
• Gram-negative bacteria (e.g. E. coli) appear
  pinkish-red

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Classification Shape

• Eubacteria can also be classified into 3
  different shapes
• spherical cocci
• rod-shaped bacilli
• spiral spirilla

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Configuration
Gonorrhea ?

• After division, many bacteria stay together in
  groups or clusters
• mono one
• diplo pair
• strepto chain
• staphylo clump
• Colonies large number (thousands) of cells
  visible to the eye

? Pneumonia Staphylococcus?
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Classification Reproduction

• Bacteria reproduce either
• 1. asexually by binary fission
• 2. sexually by conjugation

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Conjugation
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THE END