Infection Control

1
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Precautions
2
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Used on ALL patients

• Includes
• Hand washing
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Gloves
• Gowns
• Masks and eye protection
• Needle stick safety
• Sharps
• Spills and splashes
• Resuscitation devices
• Waste and linen disposal
• Injuries

3
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Hand washing

4
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Personal protection equipment (PPE)

5
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Gloves

6
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Gowns

7
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Masks and eye protection

8
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Needlestick safety

9
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Sharps

10
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Spills and splashes

11
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Resuscitation devices

12
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Waste and linen disposal

13
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Injuries

14
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Standard Precautions

• Used on ALL patients

• Includes
• Hand washing
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
• Gloves
• Gowns
• Masks and eye protection
• Needle stick safety
• Sharps
• Spills and splashes
• Resuscitation devices
• Waste and linen disposal
• Injuries

15
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard

• Applies to all occupational exposure of blood or
  other potentially infectious material.
• Blood human blood, blood components, blood
  products
• Bloodborne pathogens disease causing organisms
  in blood (Hep. B, Hep. C, HIV)

16
Methods used to control the spread of infection
Bloodborne Pathogen Standard
In an emergency when you cannot identify body
fluids or tell whether they contain blood, treat
all body fluids as potentially infectious.
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Methods used to control the spread of infection
Tuberculosis Standard

• OSHA Standard to reduce occupationally
  transmitted/acquired TB
• Requires FIT tested and training in the use of
  specific respiratory PPE
• PPD skin test annually

18
Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Standard Precautions PLUS
• Airborne Precautions
• Contact Precautions
• Droplet Precautions

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Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Transmission based precautions
• Additional precautions used with patients
  infected with pathogens that are spread via
• airborne transmission
• droplet transmission
• direct contact
• Requires isolation

20
Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Airborne precautions
• Patient pathogens are transmitted by airborne
  droplets
• Specific PPEs-
• fitted mask

21
Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Contact precautions
• Patient pathogens are able to be spread by
  direct or indirect contact
• Specific PPEs
• gloves
• gowns

22
Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Droplet precautions
• Used when large-particle droplets are expelled
  during coughing, sneezing, talking or laughing
• Specific PPEs-
• mask if working within
• 3 feet of patient

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Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Protective or reverse precautions

24
Methods used to control the spread of
infectionExtended Infection Control Precautions

• Standard Precautions PLUS
• Airborne Precautions
• Contact Precautions
• Droplet Precautions

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• 2.02 Understand infection control procedures
• The End