The American Revolution:

1
The American Revolution

• Causes and Independence

2
Overview

• As Great Britain gained more and more land, they
  needed a way to pay for the land and the battles
  they fought in to win land.
• Colonists eventually became tired of the extra
  taxes that the king was putting on them to pay
  for his debts.
• Thus, the American Revloution began.

3
Causes of the American Revolution

• French and Indian War
• Proclamation of 1763
• Unfair Taxes
• Boston Massacre
• Boston Tea Party

4
Vocabulary

• Allies
• People who unite with others during time of war
• Boycott
• to refuse to buy goods from another person or
  country
• Loyalist
• An American colonist who supported King
• George during the revolution
• Patriot
• an American colonist who supported the fight for
  independence

5
Vocabulary

• Minutemen
• American colonists who were ready to fight at a
  moments notice
• Rebel
• to resist authority of ones government
• Traitor
• Someone who betrays his or her country
• Treaty
• An agreement made by negotiation between
• two governments

6
The French and Indian War
Click on picture to get to the Brain Pop
7
French and Indian War

• The French and the British were fighting over
  frontier land.
• The Indians sided with the French during the war.
  For a while, the French and Indians were beating
  Great Britain.
• The British decided to purchase new weapons so
  they could win the war. They ended up defeating
  the French and Indians in battle.

8
French and Indian War The After Effects

• Because the British ran up so much debt for new
  weapons during the war, they began taxing the
  colonists.
• This made the colonists very angry because they
  were being forced to pay off debt for the king
  with their tax money.

9
Check for Understanding

• Why were the French and the British fighting?
• Who did the Indians side with in the war?
• Who ended up winning the war?
• What was a negative effect for the colonists
  after the war?

10
Guided Practice

• French and Indian War lock and key booklet.

11
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in a paragraph
• Pretend you were a colonist and the king was
  forcing you to pay taxes for a debt that he owed.
  How would this make you feel? What would you
  do?

12
Exit Ticket

• What was the war called when the French and the
  British fought for Frontier land?
• Who did the Indians side with?

13
Proclamation of 1763
Click on the picture to get to the song
14
The Proclamation of 1763

• After the French and Indian War, King George
  issued the Proclamation of 1763.
• This prohibited any colonist from moving westward
  out of the 13 colonies.
• He reserved the land to the west for Indian
  Territory.
• He did not want colonists to move west and begin
  war with the Indians again.

15
The Proclamation of 1763

• This angered the colonists because they fought in
  the French and Indian War that helped gain this
  land for the king. Now, they were not allowed to
  live on it.
• The colonists are now angry with the king for
  taxing them after the war, and not allowing them
  to settle land that they helped gain.

16
Check for Understanding

• 1. Why did the king issue the proclamation?
• 2. Why did the proclamation anger the colonists?

17
Guided Practice

• Create your own Proclamation of 1763.
• Answer these 2 questions on your construction
  paper
• 1. Why did King George III issue the
  proclamation?
• 2. Why did the proclamation anger the
  colonists?
• Curl up the edges of your paper to look like a
  scroll.

18
Independent Work

• Answer in paragraph form
• What compromise could have been made that could
  have satisfied the king and the colonists?

19
Exit Ticket

• In your own words, tell me what the Proclamation
  of 1763 was.

20
Unfair Taxing
Click the picture to listen to No More Kings
21
Sugar Act

• The kings first attempt at taxing the colonists
  was known as the Sugar Act.
• The Sugar Act was passed in 1764.
• This act forced colonists to pay taxes on
  molasses that was brought to the colonies from
  Europe.
• The colonists did not agree with the unfair tax,
  so they found ways to smuggle the molasses in
  without the guards knowing.

22
Sugar Act

• As long as the guards did not know that the
  molasses was coming in, they could not charge the
  colonists a tax on it.
• This angered the king because he was not getting
  enough money to pay his debt. He made other
  attempts to raise money.

23
Stamp Act

• In 1765, the king passed the Stamp Act.
• This law required colonists to pay taxes on every
  piece of printed paper they used.
• The tax included ships papers, legal documents,
  licenses, newspapers, and playing cards.
• The money raised would pay British troops who
  were stationed along the Appalachian Mountains.

24
Stamp Act

• Most colonists disagreed with the tax.
• They were worried that it would lead to more
  taxes.
• Some colonists decided to boycott the taxed
  goods.
• Because of the boycott, Great Britain decided to
  remove the tax a year later.

25
Check for Understanding

• 1. What was the kings first attempt at taxing
  the colonists?
• 2. Why did the Sugar Act not raise enough money?
• 3. What did the king try next?
• 4. Why was the Stamp Act not a success?

26
Guided Practice

• Question and Answer Flip Book about the unfair
  taxes.

27
Independent Work

• Answer in paragraph form
• If you were the king, what would you do to ensure
  that the colonists paid their taxes?

28
Exit Ticket

• Describe the Stamp Act and Sugar Act in your own
  words.

29
Townshend Acts

• In 1767, the king passed Townshend Acts.
• This act taxed imports such as glass, lead,
  paint, paper, and tea.
• Again, colonists protested the tax by boycotting
  the goods.
• Tension rose between the British and the
  colonists.
• In some cities like Boston, Massachusetts,
  British soldiers stood guard in case the
  colonists rioted.

30
The effects of the taxing

• Tension rose between the British and the
  colonists.
• In some cities like Boston, Massachusetts,
  British soldiers stood guard in case the
  colonists rioted.

31
Check for Understanding

• 1. What were the Townshend Acts?
• 2. Were they successful at raising money for the
  king?

32
Guided Practice

• Take a few minutes to quiz a neighbor over the
  notes that we have taken so far.

33
Independent Work

• Answer in paragraph form
• What do you think might happen if the king
  continues to forces taxes on the colonists?

34
Exit Ticket

• Why was tension rising between the British and
  the colonists?

35

• The Boston Massacre

Click on the picture to get to the video
36
The Boston Massacre

• The Boston Massacre occurred on March 5, 1770.
• A few boys in Boston, Massachusetts were tossing
  snow balls at the guards that were stationed
  there.
• At first, the soldiers ignored the boys, but
  others began to join in.
• The guards feared the mob might attack them, so a
  guard fired a shot into the air to try and scare
  them off.

37
The Boston Massacre

• When the shot was fired, other soldiers began
  firing at the crowd.
• The colonists used sticks, knives, and rocks as
  weapons to fight the guards.
• Five colonists were killed during the attack.
• The newspapers labeled this event The Boston
  Massacre.
• The colonists were angered by at the situation.

38
Check for Understanding

• How did the Boston Massacre begin?
• The British soldiers began shooting at the
  colonists.
• A mob of colonists attacked the British guards.
• A few boys were teasing the guards by throwing
  snowballs at them.

39
Guided Practice

• Create a Boston Massacre Timeline flag.
• 1. Label the flag with the words first, next,
  then, and finally.
• 2. Pick the 4 most significant events leading
  up to the Boston Massacre and write them in
  complete sentences on the flag.
• 3. Color and decorate if there is time.

40
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in paragraph form
• Pretend you were the newspaper reporter that got
  the story of what happened in Boston. Write an
  article in your own words describing The Boston
  Massacre.

41
Exit Ticket

• Why did a British soldier fire a shot into the
  air?

42
The Tea Act and The Boston Tea Party
Click on the picture to watch the video on the
Boston Tea Party
43
The Tea Act

• The British became concerned that the colonists
  would rage war against them, so they wanted to do
  something.
• After the Boston Massacre, Great Britain lifted
  the taxes on all imports except tea.
• They believed that the colonists would rather pay
  the tax on the tea than to be without it.
• This taxing on tea was known as The Tea Act.
• The colonists did not like this tax either.

44
The Boston Tea Party

• After the passing of the Tea Act, the colonists
  were even more angered, and they decided to take
  another step towards showing Great Britain they
  were tired of the taxing.
• Late one night on December 16, 1773, a group of
  colonists disguised themselves as Native
  Americans and quietly slipped onto the docks of
  Boston Harbor.
• The boarded three ships of the British East India
  Company and dumped all the tea into the water.

45
The Boston Tea Party

• They emptied 342 chests of tea. The tea was
  worth more than 10,000 pounds, almost 19,000.
• This event became known as The Boston Tea Party.
• As a result, the king passed a series of
  Intolerable Acts.
• One of these acts closed Boston Harbor until the
  money for the tea was paid back to Great Britain.
  This put a halt to many imports and exports to
  and from Britain.

46
The Boston Tea Party

• Another part of the Intolerable Acts gave more
  power to the governor of Massachusetts. The
  governor was loyal to Great Britain, not to the
  colonies.
• The boycotts and riots did not change much about
  the way the colonists were governed.

47
Check for Understanding

• Why did the king pass the Tea Act?
• He thought it would calm the colonists down to
  take all other taxes away.
• The king did not like tea.
• The colonists hated tea, and never drank it.

48
Guided Practice

• Create a Boston Tea Party Step Book
• 1. Create 3 flaps and label them cause,
  effect, and repercussion
• 2. We will write the correct responses under
  each flap together.
• 3. Add this to your keepsakes pocket.

49
Independent Work

• Describe The Boston Tea Party in your own words.

50
Exit Ticket

• What were the Intolerable Acts?

51
The First Continental Congress
Click on the picture to watch the video
52
The First Continental Congress

• Many colonists were still loyal to Great Britain
  because it was their homeland.
• These people were known as the loyalists.
• Others wanted to change the way Britain treated
  them.
• They were known as the patriots.
• On September 5, 1774, patriot leaders met to talk
  about the Intolerable Acts.

53
The First Continental Congress

• They were not meeting to push for independence.
• They thought that if they all came together for a
  meeting, they could make the British government
  listen to what they had to say.
• They wanted things to change, but in a peaceful
  way.

54
The First Continental Congress

• They decided that if the government caught wind
  of their meeting, they would start a war against
  them.
• They decided to form an army just in case war
  broke out.
• Within their army, they trained 70 men to be
  ready for battle at a moments notice.
• They were known as the minutemen.

55
Check for Understanding

• Who were the loyalists and the patriots?
• What was the purpose of the First Continental
  Congress?
• Who were the minutemen?

56
Guided Practice

• Create a scroll by writing a paragraph on a piece
  of construction paper answering the 5 Ws of the
  First Continental Congress.
• -who
• -what
• -when
• -where
• -why

57
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in paragraph form
• Why did the representatives at the First
  Continental Congress decide to form an army?

58
Exit Ticket

• When did the First Continental Congress take
  place?

59
The Battle of Lexington and Concord
Click on the picture to watch the Brain Pop video
60
The king takes charge

• In April 1775, patriot leaders learned that King
  George planned to enforce British rule by any
  means necessary.
• He sent British troops to arrest patriot leaders
  and seize weapons and gunpowder that the
  colonists stored at Concord, Massachusetts.
• The British leaders decided that if they stopped
  a rebellion in Massachusetts, the other colonies
  would not cause trouble.

61
The Midnight Ride of Paul Revere

• More than 600 British troops marched towards
  Lexington, Massachusetts to arrest patriot
  leaders.
• They wanted to keep their march a secret, but
  news got out.
• On the night of April 18, 1775, patriot Paul
  Revere set out on his famous midnight ride to
  Lexington. He reached the patriot leaders just
  in time to warn them that the British were coming.

62
The patriots prepare for battle

• After Paul Reveres midnight ride, the patriots
  prepared their minutemen for battle.
• They were waiting for the British army the next
  morning in Lexington.

63
Check for Understanding

• What message was the king trying to send to the
  other colonies by marching his troops into
  Massachusetts?
• Who sent word to the patriots that the British
  troops were coming?
• What did the patriots do to prepare?

64
Guided Practice

• Make a mini book of Paul Reveres ride
• Illustrate each page of the book. Put it in the
  keepsake pocket.

65
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in paragraph form
• How do you think Paul Revere felt the night he
  warned the patriots of the Britishs arrival?
  Would you have done the same thing?

66
Exit Ticket

• What do you think might happen next?

67
The American Revolution begins

• When the British troops arrived in Lexington and
  saw the minutemen waiting, neither side wanted to
  start a war.
• The 70 minutemen would be no match for the 600
  British soldiers.
• The captain of the minutemen told them to
  scatter.
• As the minutemen began to retreat, a single shot
  rang out.

68
The American Revolution begins

• No one knows who fired that first shot, but it
  became known as The Shot Heard Around the
  World.
• This shot at Lexington started the American
  Revolution.
• British soldiers immediately started to panic and
  began shooting.
• Seven minutemen died.

69
The Battle at Concord

• In Concord, the patriots were better prepared.
• As the British got closer, 500 minutemen stopped
  them at the bridge outside of town.
• Another battle began, and as patriots got word of
  this, they came to join the battle
• Soon, the British army was outnumbered and forced
  to retreat to Boston.

70
Check for Understanding

• Why did neither side want a battle when the 2 met
  in Lexington?
• Who fired the first shot of the American
  Revolution?
• What was the shot known as?

71
Guided Practice

• Create a puzzle piece timeline of Lexington and
  Concord.
• -Choose the 5 most important events from the
  battles.
• -Be sure to include Paul Reveres ride and the
  shot heard around the world.
• -Write a sentence about each event and
  illustrate it on the puzzle piece.
• -Glue them down and keep in you keepsake
  pocket.

72
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in paragraph form
• Pretend you were one of the 70 minutemen facing
  the 600 trained British soldiers. How would you
  feel? What would you do?

73
Exit Ticket

• How did the patriots finally win the battle at
  Concord?

74
Declaring Independence
Click on the picture for the Brain Pop
75
Winning the war

• After a few battles against Great Britain, the
  patriots began considering a new nation
  independent of Great Britain.
• On March 4, 1776, the patriots won their first
  major victory during the Battle on Dorchester
  Heights.
• This gave the patriots control of the city of
  Boston.
• After this victory, the colonies officially
  declared their independence from Great Britain.

76
The Declaration of Independence

• Thomas Jefferson wrote The Declaration of
  Independence.
• It was approved at the Second Continental
  Congress on July 4, 1776.
• For this reason, we celebrate Independence Day
  ever year on the Fourth of July.
• The first person to sign the declaration was John
  Hancock. He says he signed it so large so that
  the king could see it without wearing his
  glasses!

77
The Declaration of Independence

• The Declaration of Independence had 3 main parts.
• The first part stated that all men were created
  equal and are born with certain unalienable,
  human rights.
• Among these rights are life, liberty, and the
  pursuit of happiness.
• When the government denies these rights, the
  people have a right to revolt.

78
The Declaration of Independence

• The second part contained a long list of
  grievances against the British government.
• These complaints included passing taxes without
  the colonists consent, cutting off trade between
  the colonies and the rest of the world, denying
  colonists of a trial by jury, and for sending
  large numbers of troops to stand guard in
  American cities.

79
The Declaration of Independence

• The third part of the Declaration of Independence
  was a formal claim of independence.
• The patriots named their new country the United
  States of America.
• The goal of the Declaration of Independence was
  to encourage the colonies to unite as one
  country.

80
Check for Understanding

• What was the final battle of the American
  Revolution?
• Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
• How many parts were there to the document?

81
Guided Practice

• Create a Declaration of Independence Quiz Panel
• (directions are on the panels)

82
Independent Work

• Answer the following question in paragraph form
• Pretend you were the writer of the Declaration
  of Independence. What kinds of things would you
  want listed in your document?

83
Exit Ticket

• What was the goal of the Declaration of
  Independence?