Title: Wednesday, September 5
1Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
2Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
3Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular
4Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular
heterotrophic
5Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular heterotrophic
eukaryotes
6Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes
ingest their food
7Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes ingest
their food
no cell walls
8Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
multicellular heterotrophic eukaryotes ingest
their food no cell walls
nervous tissue
9Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
muscle tissue
10Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
blastula stage
11Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
What is an animal?
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
gastrula stage
12Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
- gastrula stage
embryonic tissue layers
13Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
- gastrula stage
- embryonic tissue layers
Hox genes
14Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
- gastrula stage
- embryonic tissue layers
- Hox genes
15Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
- gastrula stage
- embryonic tissue layers
- Hox genes
Animals probably evolved from a colonial,
flagellated protist.
16Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- multicellular
- heterotrophic
- eukaryotes
- ingest their food
- no cell walls
- nervous tissue
- muscle tissue
- blastula stage
- gastrula stage
- embryonic tissue layers
- Hox genes
Animals probably evolved from a colonial,
flagellated protist.
17Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
18Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Phylogenetic trees are always being revised.
19Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Science is different from other ways of knowing
- Even our most cherished ideas in science are
probationary - Ideas can be falsified through experiments or
observation - The more testing a hypothesis withstands, the
more credible it is - Its all about the evidence.
20Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
21Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
22Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
23Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
24Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
25Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
26Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
27Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
28Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
29Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
30Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
31Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
32Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
33Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
34Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Each of the four main branches divides the tree
into grades based on body plan.
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
35Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Molecular evidence has rearranged the branches.
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
36Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
No body cavity
Body cavity
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Molecular evidence has rearranged the branches.
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
37Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Protostome
Deuterostome
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Molecular evidence has rearranged the branches.
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
38Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Deuterostome
Protostome
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Molecular evidence has rearranged the branches.
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
39Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
Lophotrochozoa (tentacles)
Ecdysozoa (exoskeletons)
Deuterostome
Protostome
Radial symmetry
Bilateral symmetry
Molecular evidence has rearranged the branches.
No true tissues
True tissues
Ancestral colonial choanoflagellate
40Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Most animal phyla originated in the Cambrian
explosion between 525 million and 565 million
years ago.
41Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Most animal phyla originated in the Cambrian
explosion between 525 million and 565 million
years ago. - Evolution was so fast during that period that it
is difficult to sort out the history.
42Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
43Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological
44Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological The development of predator-prey
relationships
45Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological The development of predator-prey
relationships - Geological
46Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological The development of predator-prey
relationships - Geological Increasing levels of atmospheric
oxygen
47Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological The development of predator-prey
relationships - Geological Increasing levels of atmospheric
oxygen - Genetic
48Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Causes of the Cambrian explosion
- Ecological The development of predator-prey
relationships - Geological Increasing levels of atmospheric
oxygen - Genetic Changes in the Hox genes which control
embryonic development.
49Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
- Three Germ Layers
- and the
- Coelom
50Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
51Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
52Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
53Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
54Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
55Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
ectoderm mesoderm endoderm
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
56Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
ectoderm mesoderm endoderm
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
57Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution
acoelomate
pseudocoelomate
ectoderm mesoderm endoderm
anus mouth
mouth anus
coelomate protostome
coelomate deuterotostome
58Chapter 32Introduction to Animal Evolution