CSE 2340 Lectures

1
? 9 ? ??????(2)
2
????????????JPEG2000 (ISO15444)
3
1. JPEG2000???
4
JPEG?????(1)

1. ?????????????????,????? ??????????2???????????????
   ??????????JPEG???????????
2. JPEG???????,?????????????,??????(???0.25
   bpp??????????)???????????JPEG??????????,??????????
   ??
3. ?????????,??????????????????????????

5
JPEG?????(2)

1. ??????????,??????,??????????JPEG????????? 64K x
   64K(pel)?
2. JPEG ?44??????, ????????, ??????JPEG??????????
3. JPEG???????(restart intervals)???,
   ????????????????????

6
2. JPEG2000???
7
JPEG2000 contributors

• 15 countries / 80-100 meeting attendees
• EUROPE
• Ericsson, Nokia, Philips, Canon, Motorola,
  Alcatel,EPFL, NTNU, Technical University of
  Denmark, ...
• USA/Canada
• Kodak, HP, Rockwell, Motorola, TI, Ricoh,
  Sharp, Adobe, University of Maryland, UBC, RPI
• ASIA
• Samsung, Panasonic, Sony, OKI, Mitsubishi,
  CISRA...

8
JPEG 2000????1

• (1) Superior low bit-rate performance
• ??,???????????,?????????????0.25 bpp,
  ???????????
• (2) Continuous-tone and bi-level compression
• ??????????, ????2?????????
• ???????????? (??????? 1 bit to 16 bit).
  ?????????, ?????????, ?????2????2????
  alpha??????????????, ??????

9
JPEG 2000????2

• (3)Lossless and lossy compression in a single
  codestream
• ????????????????????
• ?????????,????,????,?????
• (4)Progressive transmission by pixel accuracy and
  resolution
• ????????????????????
• ?????WWW,????,?????

10
JPEG 2000????3

• (5) Fixed-rate, fixed-size, limited workspace
  memory
• ???????,?????????????,???????????????,??
  ????????????????????,?????,??????
• ???????,??????????,?????????,???????????
  ????????????(??????), ?????,?????

11
JPEG 2000????4

• (6) Random codestream access and processing
• ???????????????( Regions-Of-Interest,
  ROI) ,?????????????????????????????,??,??,??,???
  ???
• (7) Robustness to bit-errors
• ????????????????????????????,???????????
  ??????, ????????

12
JPEG 2000????5

• (8) Open architecture
• ????????????????????????????????????????
  ?????????,????????????????????????????????,??????
  ?????????????
• (9) Sequential build-up capability (real time
  coding)
• ????????????????,???????????????????????
  ???????,?????????????????????

13
JPEG 2000????6

• (10) Backwards compatibility with JPEG
• ????????JPEG??????, ?????????(transcodin
  g)
• (11) Content-based description
• ?????????????????????????,
  ??????,??,??????????????, JPEG 2000
  ????????????????

14
JPEG 2000????7

• (12) Protective image security
• ????????????????????(watermarking),??(lab
  eling),??(stamping),??(fingerprinting),??(encrypti
  on),??(scrambling)??
• (13) Compatibility with ITU-T recommendations
  for image exchange
• ????JPEG 2000???, ITU-T?????????????????
  ?JPEG 2000????? ,JPEG 2000???????? ITU-T
  ????????????????????

15
JPEG 2000????8

• (14) Interface with MPEG-4
• JPEG2000??????????????????????????MPEG-4
  ,?????MPEG-4???????????????????,?????/???????/????
  ???,??????????IPR?
• (15) Side channel spatial information
  (transparency)
• alpha?????????????????,??????????(??????
  ????)?????,?????????WWW???

16
JPEG 2000????9

• (16) Object Based Functionality
• Object based composition ???????????(????)?????
  ,?????????????????
• Object based information embedding
  ?????????????,??????????????????????

17
3. JPEG 2000???
18
JPEG2000???

• ? JPEG2000??????(????,???????????????,???80?????)
  
• ? ????(??????,?IPR??)
• ? Motion JPEG2000
• ? ?????
• ? ????(???JAVA?C??)
• ? ????????

19
JPEG2000???

• (8) JPSEC (security)
• (9) JPIP (interactive protocols and API)
• (10) JP3D (volumetric imaging )
• (11) JPWL (wireless applications)
• 
  
• (Part 7 ???)

20
4. JPEG2000?????
21
JPEG2000??????
Jpeg2000??
Jpeg2000??
22
???
23
???

• ??????????????????????(tiles ).
  ???????,??1???,???????

• ?(????)??????????2P-1 ,???0?? (P??????)?
• ?0, 2P - 1 ? -2P 1, 2P 1 - 1

24
Intercomponent Transform
25
(1)???????

• Irreversible color transform (ICT)
• (????lossy coding) (real-to-real)

26
(2)??????

• Reversible color transform ( RCT).
  (integer-to-integer) ( lossless and lossy
  coding???)

Y(R2GB)/4 UR-G VB-G
??????
GY- (UV)/4 RUG BVG
??????
27
????

• (ICT) on image quality PSNR (in dB) for the
  color image woman (of size 2048x2560 pixels per
  component) at 0.0625bpp

28
Intracomponent Transform
29
1-D DWT?????

• ????(????)
• ??????????(g0, g1) ? ??????????
• ?????????

30
(5,3) ????????
h0(n)(-1 2 6 2 -1)/8
??????? 0 0 -1/8 ¼ ¾ ¼ -¼ ¼ ¾ ¼ -1/8
0 0 0
h1(n)(-1 2 -1)/2
??????? 0 0 0 -½ 1 -½ 0
-½ 1 -½ 0 0 0
31
??????

• Swelden??
• ????
• ????
• ??????

Xe
Ye
????
????
?
X
Y
U
-P
-U
P
?
Xo
Yo
32
????
??? 12 20 30 35 15 19 11 11
19 26 45 80 90 92
???? 12 -1 30 13 15 6 11 -4
19 -6 45 13 90 2
???? 12 -1 27 13 10 6 10
-4 21 -6 43 13 86 2
???? 12 -1 30 13 15 6 11
-4 19 -6 45 13 90 2
???? 12 20 30 35 15 19 11
11 19 26 45 80 90 92
33
JPEG2000????
34
?????????
35
??

• ????????????????,??????????????????????
• ?????b???b???????,?????????????????????????
• ???Rb ????????????????,
• Eb ???????b???
• µb ???????b????

36
EBCOT(Embedded block coding with optimal
truncation)
37
JPEG2000????(Tier 1)
38
????
??

• ????????????????????,??????2???(???64x64),?????409
  6?
• ??????????,
• ???(tile)??????????.

39
???????

• ??????????,?????????,??????????
• ????????????( stripes ),??????? 4,?????????,?????

40
???????

• ?????????????????????(?????),????0??????,?????
  ????????1???1?,????????1(??????),?????????????
  ?,?????????3?????
• ???(insignificant)??????????1?
• ???(significant)??????????1?
• ??????(context_significance)??????????1,???????
  8???????????????????,??,?????????????

41
???3???

• ???????????,????3???,?????????????????????,???????
  ???
• 1.?????????
• ????????????,?????????????????????
• 2.????????
• ????????????????????????,????????????????
• 3.??????
• ????????????????????????

42
????????1

• ???(Zero Coding)
• ??????????????????

43
????????

• ????(Sign Coding)
• ??????????????????
• 5 ??????????????????????????????????????1???????
  ???????????????????????????????????0???????????
  ????????????????????????-1 ?????? 1 ??????

44
????????

• ??????(Magnitude Refinement Coding)
• ???????????????

45
????????

• ????(Run Length Coding)
• ?????????
• ???????(4 ?????)????????????,?????????????,??????
  4 ??????????,????????????(CX17)????? D0??? 4
  ?????????????,?????????????(CX17),???????
  D1??,?? 4 ????????????????? (0011),??????????
  ?????????(CX18 )???????????????????????????????
  ???

46
??????
47
???????
48
??????
49
??

• ????
• ?????
• ??????

50
???????????????
????256x 256,2?????,????64x64
51
JPEG2000?Tier-2 coding
52
T2?????

• T1???????????,?????????????,??????????(???)
• T2??????????,????????????
• ??T2??,????SNR,???,???ROI???????(??)??????

53
????????(layered bitstream formation)

• JPEG2000?????????????,???????1-65536,???20
• ?????????????????????????????????????????????????
  ???
• ?????????????????,?????SNR?????
• ?????????????,?????(rate distortion)?????,?????

54
EBCOT(Embedded block coding with optimal
truncation)

• ??????Bi?????????????????Li(z)?
• ?Bi????Di(z),??????????Lmax,?????????????????,????
  ?????Li(z) ??
• ?Li(z)Lmax
• ????????????????????????,?????????
• D?Di(z)
• ?????????

55
????????
56
??????

• layerresolutioncomponentposition progression
  (LRCP)
• (ii) resolutionlayercomponentposition
  progression (RLCP)
• (iii) resolutionpositioncomponentlayer
  progression (RPCL)
• (iv) positioncomponentresolutionlayer
  progression (PCRL)
• (v) componentpositionresolutionlayer
  progression. (CPRL)

57
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58
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59
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60
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61
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62
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63
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64
ROI??
65
?????(ROI)??

• ??ROI????
• ???????????????????,????ROI??????JPEG2000?????????
  ???????????????,????????????????,??????????,??????
  ???????????(??????)
• ?????????????????,????ROI???,????????????????????
  ??????????????????(??????)

66
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67
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68
JPEG2000???

• JPEG?JPEG2000??????????,JPEG 2000?S/N(???)???30??
  ?
• JPEG2000?5???????,??????????S/N?????????scalabilit
  y?
• ??,??????JPEG,2?????JBIG, ??????JPEG
  LS,????????,?JPEG2000??????????,??????????????

69
JPEG2000???

• JPEG2000???????,?????????(???????)
• ?????????????????????????????????,????????????????
  ?
• JPEG2000?????16k??????,???????CMYK?CIE
  lab????????,????????alpha???
• JPEG 2000?????(Robustness to Bit
  Error)????,????????????

70
?1 JPEG2000?JPEG??
3MB?????
19kB?JPEG??
19kB?JPEG2000
71
JPEG2000?JPEG???(0.125bpp)
72
JPEG2000?JPEG???(0.25bpp)
73
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74
JPEG2000 ??

• ?1 JPEG2000?JPEG???1 2 3
• ?2 JPEG2000?Scalability?1
• ?3 JPEG2000?Scalability?2
• ?4 JPEG2000?Scalability?3