Title: John F. Kennedy
1John F. Kennedy
- 1961-1963
- Domestic Policy
2CLOSEST ELECTION SINCE 1884
- Kennedy won the election by fewer than 119,000
votes - That means ½ of America didnt want him to win
JFK
RMN
3ASK NOT . . .
- In his inaugural address, JFK
uttered this famous
challenge Ask not what your country can do for
you --- ask what you can do for your country
Delivered Friday, January 20, 1961
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5 I. Kennedy White House
- A. Lyndon B. Johnson Vice-President
- B. Robert F. Kennedy -gt
- Attorney Gen.
- C. White House was
- full of young (mid-30s
- to early 40s) pragmatic
- thinkers!
6- D. Compared to King Arthurs magical court
Camelot. (Jacqueline Kennedy was very stylish!) - Invited artists, musicians, etc. to the White
House. - E. Compared also to James Bond sophisticated,
cool, and a womanizer! - Unfortunately JFK was a
- womanizer!
7THE CAMELOT YEARS
- During his term in office, JFK and his beautiful
young wife, Jacqueline, invited many artists and
celebrities to the White House - The press loved the Kennedy charm and JFK
appeared frequently on T.V. - The Kennedys were considered American Royalty
(hence Camelot reference)
8THE KENNEDY MYSTIQUE
- The first family fascinated the American public
- For example, after learning that JFK could read
1,600 words a minute, thousands enrolled in
speed-reading courses - Jackie, too, captivated the nation with her eye
for fashion and culture
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10John Kennedy and his siblings From youngest to
oldest Jean, Robert, Patricia, Eunice, Kathleen,
Rosemary, Jack, and Joe, Jr.
11Caroline Kennedy
- She recently put her name in to fill the vacant
Senate seat that Hillary Clinton left when she
accepted the Secretary of State position for Prez
Obama - New York Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand got the seat
12THE BEST AND THE BRIGHTEST
- JFK surrounded himself with what one journalist
described as the best and the brightest
available talent - Of all of his elite advisors who filled Kennedys
inner circle, he relied most on his 35-year-old
brother Robert, whom he appointed attorney general
RFK was Johns closest friend and advisor
13A MAN ON THE MOON
Armstrong
- Under President JohnsonFinally, on July 20,
1969, the U.S. would achieve its goal - An excited nation watched as U.S. astronaut Neil
Armstrong took the first steps on the moon - Space and defense-related industries sprang up in
Southern and Western states
One small step for man, one giant leap for
mankind
14(6) 23rd Amendment
- proposed on June 16, 1960, and ratified on March
29, 1961. The amendment rectified an omission in
the Constitution that prevented residents of the
District of Columbia from voting in presidential
elections- allowing citizens living in Washington
DC to vote in National elections (for Prez)
15(14) Engel v Vitale (1962)
- A landmark US Supreme Court case that determined
that it is unconstitutional for state officials
to compose an official school prayer and require
its recitation in public schools. - NO PUBLIC SCHOOL PRAYER
16The Rule of the Law
17(15) Rachel Carson/ Silent Spring (1962)
- Rachel Carson is regarded by many as the
godmother of the environmental movement. It was
her book, Silent Spring, that sowed the seeds of
passion for protecting the environment
Advocate of nature and environmental ethics,
against the misuse of chemicals in nature ...
18 - (2) New Frontier name given
- to the Kennedy domestic
- platform can also be
- applied to the foreign
- policies previously
- discussed!
19III. Economy
- A. Problems deciding on how to deal with the
budget deficit Kennedy did not push for a tax
cut until 1963 (It will be passed after his
death!) - B. Kennedy wanted to work WITH big business (not
against) and asked Congress to ease anti-trust
legislation - C. Forbes ranks Kennedy first in reducing the
unemployment rate.
20Deficit Spending
- D. Kennedy advocated deficit spending to
stimulate the economy - E. Deficit Spending is the govt practice of
borrowing money in order to spend more than is
received from taxes
21- D. Area Redevelopment Act of 1961 394
million given in loans and grants designed to
help city and rural areas of low income and/or
chronic unemployment - E. Minimum wage was raised to 1.25
- F. Council of Economic Advisors proposed to
stabilize prices by tying wage increases to
productivity - G. Kennedys administration is ranked as the
third highest in economic prosperity (behind
Clinton and LBJohnson)
22Civil Rights Review
- Jim Crow Era South, post-Reconstruction
- Plessy v. Ferguson separate but equal
- FDR sympathetic to African-Americans, outlawed
segregation in government work areas - Truman desegregated the armed forces
- Eisenhower enforced Brown
- v. Board of Education,
- Topeka (integration of schools)
23- The Civil Rights Movement Reading
24IV. Civil Rights
- A. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) appeal launched
by a Florida prisoner - 1. all citizens are entitled to legal
- counsel in a case involving a possible
- jail sentence
25- B. African-Americans continued their struggle
for desegregation. - 1. Kennedy was a strong supporter of
- African Americans appointed
- several African Americans to high
- administrative positions
-
- 2. Thurgood Marshall- Linda Browns
- lawyer in Brown vs Board appointed to
- U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit
- 3. Very strong supporter of MLK,Jr
26- Thurgood Marshall Reading
27- C. CORE (Congress of Racial Equality)
- and
- SNCC (Student Non-Violent Coordinating
Committee) grew out of the Greensboro - sit-in
28- D. Freedom Rides May 1961 CORE director James
Farmer led a group of black and white freedom
riders on a bus trip into the heart of the
South. Trip began in Washington D.C. and ended
in New Orleans would focus national attention
on the inequality of segregated facilities.
Violent mobs in South Carolina and Alabama beat
riders and firebombed a bus.
29Freedom Ridersnotice where the trip stops
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32- Kennedy ordered federal marshals to protect civil
rights organizers freedom rides forced the
Kennedy Administration to take a much stronger
stand on desegregation. - Voter registration drive for African Americans
began in 1961 R. Kennedy asked SNCC to focus on
increasing the amount of registered voters in
MS only 4000 out of 394,000 were registered to
vote due to continued violence!
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34 35James Meredith
36- (12)James Meredith and the University of
Mississippi September, 1962 - 1. Governor Ross Barnett personally
- blocked the African American
- Meredith from registering.
- 2. JFK ordered several hundred marshals to
escort Meredith into a university dormitory.
Mobs moved in shooting streetlights, throwing
rocks and bottles. - 3. JFK sent in federal troops to save the
marshals but not before 2 people were killed
and 375 were wounded.
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381963 Birmingham, Alabama March
39- I. Martin Luther King, Jr. led a group to
Birmingham, AL, to protest segregation - 1. led to his arrest and writing of Letter
- from Birmingham Jail, which defended
- the use of civil disobedience and warned
- that not obeying the law would leave the
- streets flowing with blood.
- 2. Once freed, King led new
- demonstrations TV cameras captured
- the Birmingham police (under the
- direction of police chief Bull Connor)
- using attack dogs, clubs, and fire hoses
- to end demonstrations
40- J. Birmingham actions sparked Kennedy to request
support for a strong civil rights bill to end
segregation and protect black voters
41March on Washington
42(17) March on Washington August 28, 1963
- Led by Martin Luther King
- 1. I Have a Dream Speech
- 250,000 gathered at Lincoln Memorial to march
sing in support of Civil Rights. - Led by MLK, Jr. to call for a color-blind
society
43- March on Washington Analysis
44I HAVE A DREAM
It was initially opposed by JFK, who thought it
would undermine the bill Congress began working
on a civil rights bill in the fall
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46I have a Dream Speech Analysis
47- (16) June 11, 1963University of Al, George
Wallace Alabamas Governor - stood in the doorway of the University to
prevent Vivian Malone ( a black female) from
registering - - Kennedy sent federal marshals to force the
enrollment of the students - - JFK addressed the nation on June 12 about
the moral issue of segregation
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49- Wallace and Kennedy Reading
50- (18) Same evening of Kennedys televised address,
Medgar Evers - a civil rights leader in Mississippi
- was assassinated in his driveway in
- Jackson, MS by.
- Bryon De La Beckwith, a KKK member,
- was arrested for his murder (finally
- convicted in 1994, three decades later)
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52 53(20) Assassination of JFK
- A. Kennedy lost key Southern Democratic
supporters due to civil rights issues. - He scheduled a trip to Texas to begin rebuilding
support in the South (you - know politicians always
- thinking about the
- next campaign)
54JFK SHOT
- As the motorcade approached the Texas Book
Depository, shots rang out - JFK was shot in the neck and then the head
- His car was rushed to a nearby hospital where
doctors frantically tried to revive him - President Kennedy was dead (11/22/63)
JFK SHOT
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57- C. November 22, 1963 JFK was fatally shot in
the head and neck by Lee Harvey Oswald
- A 24-year-old Marine with a suspicious past left
a palm print on the rifle used to kill JFK
58JFK Cartoon Analysis
59- D. LHO was caught several hours later seemed
mysterious and emotionally unstable. - His actions were never fully explained
- L.H.O was shot two days after his arrest by
Jack Ruby (on live TV)!
- He was charged and as a national television
audience watched his transfer from one jail to
another, nightclub owner Jack Ruby broke through
the crowd and shot Oswald to death
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61- E. Lyndon B Johnson, became the next prez, when
he took the oath of office on Air Force One with
Jackie Kennedy by his side
62JFK LAID TO REST
- All work stopped for Kennedys funeral as America
mourned its fallen leader - The assassination and the televised funeral
became historic events - Like 9-11, Americans can recall where they were
when they heard the news of the Presidents death
Three-year old John Kennedy Jr. salutes his
fathers coffin during the funeral
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64- F. This events, along with contradicting
eyewitness testimonies of the JFK assassination,
caused many to believe there was a conspiracy
behind the murder of the president. Later
investigations approved by President LBJ and led
by Chief Justice Earl Warren concluded Oswald
acted alone. - But DID HE REALLY?!?!?!?!?
65UNANSWERED QUESTIONS
- The bizarre chain of events led many to believe
that Oswald was part of a conspiracy - The Warren Commission investigated the
assassination and determined that Oswald had
indeed acted alone - Recent filmmaker Oliver Stone isnt so sure his
film, JFK, is filled with conspiracy theories
66And what about this responsible for
death???
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