Fig. 33-1

1
Fig. 33-1
2
Fig. 33-2
Calcarea and Silicea
ANCESTRAL PROTIST
Cnidaria
Lophotrochozoa
Common ancestor of all animals
Eumetazoa
Ecdysozoa
Bilateria
Deuterostomia
3
Fig. 33-3-1
Calcarea and Silicea (5,500 species)
Placozoa (1 species)
0.5 mm
A sponge
Cnidaria (10,000 species)
A placozoan (LM)
Ctenophora (100 species)
A jelly
Acoela (400 species)
A ctenophore, or comb jelly
1.5 mm
Acoel flatworms (LM)
LOPHOTROCHOZOANS
Platyhelminthes (20,000 species)
Rotifera (1,800 species)
A marine flatworm
A rotifer (LM)
Ectoprocta (4,500 species)
Brachiopoda (335 species)
Ectoprocts
A brachiopod
4
Fig. 33-3-2
Cycliophora (1 species)
Acanthocephala (1,100 species)
100 µm
An acanthocephalan (LM)
A cycliophoran (colorized SEM)
Nemertea (900 species)
Mollusca (93,000 species)
An octopus
Annelida (16,500 species)
A ribbon worm
A marine annelid
ECDYSOZOA
Loricifera (10 species)
Priapula (16 species)
50 µm
A loriciferan (LM)
A priapulan
5
Fig. 33-3-3
Tardigrada (800 species)
Onychophora (110 species)
100 µm
Tardigrades (colorized SEM)
An onychophoran
Nematoda (25,000 species)
Arthropoda (1,000,000 species)
A roundworm
A scorpion (an arachnid)
DEUTEROSTOMIA
Hemichordata (85 species)
An acorn worm
Echinodermata (7,000 species)
Chordata (52,000 species)
A sea urchin
A tunicate
6
Fig. 33-4
Food particles in mucus
Flagellum
Choanocyte
Collar
Choanocyte
Osculum
Azure vase sponge (Callyspongia plicifera)
Spongocoel
Phagocytosis of food particles
Amoebocyte
Pore
Spicules
Epidermis
Water flow
Amoebocytes
Mesohyl
7
Fig. 33-5
Mouth/anus
Tentacle
Polyp
Medusa
Gastrovascular cavity
Gastrodermis
Mesoglea
Body stalk
Epidermis
Tentacle
Mouth/anus
8
Fig. 33-6
Tentacle
Cuticle of prey
Thread
Nematocyst
Trigger
Thread discharges
Thread (coiled)
Cnidocyte
9
Fig. 33-7
(d) Sea anemone (class Anthozoa)
(b) Jellies (class Scyphozoa)
Sea wasp (class Cubozoa)
(c)
(a) Colonial polyps (class Hydrozoa)
10
Table 33-1
11
Fig. 33-9
12
Fig. 33-10
Pharynx
Gastrovascular cavity
Mouth
Eyespots
Ganglia
Ventral nerve cords
13
Table 33-2
14
Fig. 33-11
Male
Female
Human host
1 mm
Motile larva
Ciliated larva
Snail host
15
Fig. 33-12
200 µm
Proglottids with reproductive structures
Hooks
Sucker
Scolex
16
Fig. 33-22
Cuticle
Septum (partition between segments)
Epidermis
Coelom
Circular muscle
Metanephridium
Longitudinal muscle
Anus
Dorsal vessel
Chaetae
Intestine
Fused nerve cords
Ventral vessel
Nephrostome
Metanephridium
Clitellum
Crop
Esophagus
Pharynx
Giant Australian earthworm
Intestine
Gizzard
Cerebral ganglia
Mouth
Ventral nerve cord with segmental ganglia
Subpharyngeal ganglion
Blood vessels
17
Fig. 33-23
Parapodia
18
Fig. 33-24
19
Fig. 33-15
Nephridium
Visceral mass
Heart
Coelom
Intestine
Gonads
Mantle
Stomach
Mantle cavity
Mouth
Shell
Radula
Anus
Gill
Radula
Mouth
Nerve cords
Esophagus
Foot
20
Table 33-3
21
Fig. 33-16
22
Fig. 33-17
(a) A land snail
(b) A sea slug
23
Fig. 33-18
Intestine
Mantle cavity
Stomach
Anus
Mouth
24
Fig. 33-19
25
Fig. 33-20
Coelom
Hinge area
Mantle
Gut
Heart
Adductor muscle
Digestive gland
Anus
Mouth
Excurrent siphon
Shell
Water flow
Palp
Foot
Incurrent siphon
Mantle cavity
Gonad
Gill
26
Fig. 33-21
Octopus
Squid
Chambered nautilus
27
Fig. 33-29
Cephalothorax
Abdomen
Antennae (sensory reception)
Thorax
Head
Swimming appendages (one pair located under
each abdominal segment)
Walking legs
Pincer (defense)
Mouthparts (feeding)
28
Table 33-5
29
Fig. 33-27
30
Fig. 33-30
31
Fig. 33-31
50 µm
Scorpion
Dust mite
Web-building spider
32
Fig. 33-35
Abdomen
Thorax
Head
Compound eye
Antennae
Heart
Cerebral ganglion
Dorsal artery
Crop
Anus
Vagina
Malpighian tubules
Ovary
Tracheal tubes
Mouthparts
Nerve cords
33
Fig. 33-37
34
Fig. 33-38
(a) Ghost crab
(b) Krill
(c) Barnacles
35
Fig. 33-39
Stomach
Anus
Spine
Gills
Central disk
Digestive glands
Madreporite
Radial nerve
Gonads
Ring canal
Ampulla
Podium
Tube feet
Radial canal
36
Fig. 33-40
(a) A sea star (class Asteroidea)
(b) A brittle star (class Ophiuroidea)
(c) A sea urchin (class Echinoidea)
(d) A feather star (class Crinoidea)
(e) A sea cucumber (class Holothuroidea)
(f) A sea daisy (class Concentricycloidea)