4.1 A Multitude of Perspectives

1
4.1 A Multitude of Perspectives

• By Thuy Nguyen

2

• Ando Hiroshige, Hodogaya Station, 1832-1834.
  Santa Fe, New Mexico.
• This was named after a station in Tokyo. There
  are 55 station and this is the 5th station.

3

• Unknown, Pueblo. About 1000-1450 A.D. Taos, New
  Mexico
• It is made of adobe walls that are often several
  feet thick. Its main purpose was for defense.

4

• Three of the worlds great major religions
  evolved in Africa
• Islam, Hinduism, Buddhism
• Most of these religion is based on worship of
  nature
• Taoism and Confucianism are also important
  religions in China

5

• Reliquary Guardian Figure, Cameroon or Gabon,
  c.1850. Wood, 23 inches. Peabody Museum, Harvard
  University.
• This is from Kuba tribe of Zaire. This is a
  portrait of a king that performs a specific
  function.

6

• Unknown, Souche Nuttar Codex. 14th century,
  drawing and painting, 7 x 9 ¾. British Museum,
  London.

7

• One of the worlds most ancient religion
• Originated in India in about 2000 BC
• They believe in the gods Vishnu, Brahma, Siva
• Most Hindus believe that the spirit or soul- the
  true self of every person is called an atman.
  (meaning is eternal)
• They are also henotheistic meaning the are
  devoted to one god but accepts other gods as well.

8

• Vishnu
• The Preserver
• It holds a discus, conch shell, mace, and lotus
• Appears as a boar

9

• Siva
• asd
• The Destroyer
• Entwined with snakes and wears a headdress of
  skulls
• He dances in a circle of fire

10

• Brahma
• The Creature
• Often shown with four heads
• His four heads springs the Vedas, which he
  carries along with a scepter
• He is the supreme god in Hinduism

11

• Unknown, The Descent of the River Ganges from
  Heaven. 10th century. Carving, Mamallapuram,
  India.
• The river Ganga has sacred water known to play a
  role of a man- as a giver of life or remover of
  sin or curse. (a myth)
• The elephants are believe to be powerful than
  human because of its size.

12
Please turn to page 81 in your text book, thank
you .

• Unknown, Sita in the Garden of Lanka, from the
  Epic of Valmaki, Ramayana. Gold and color on
  paper, 22 x 31. The Cleveland Museum of Art
• One of Hindus greatest writings
• Its about King Rama, who was unjustly deprived
  of his kingdom.
• Ramayana was adopted by the Buddhist, and later
  became part of the Islamic heritage.

13

• The movement was found by Buddha, emerge in India
  in 6th century BC
• He was a Prince who traveled around and helped
  his people. He couldnt take their sufferings
  anymore so he decided to leave his kingdom. He
  preached to all creatures. He became enlightened
  through years of meditation.
• Mahayana Buddhism preached salvation of souls
• Bodhisattvas are saints who achieved
  enlightenment like Buddha but chose not to enter
  nirvana. The most popular saints is
  Avaloketisvara. It has other names in other parts
  of the country.

14

• Unknown, Nyoirin-Kannon. 645-647 Nara period.
  Bronze, Oka-Der-a Temple, Nara Japan.
• Goddess of mercy
• The lotus that shes sitting on symbolizes purity.

15

• Unknown, Jizo Bosatsu. 12th century, wood. 57 ½
  high, Los Angeles County Museum of Art.
• He is the patron saint of children
• He is compassionate deity concerned with the
  needs of suffering humanity.

16

• Much of Asia is dominated by Islam
• The religion was found by Mohammed
• His spiritual writings is in the Koran, the
  scared book of Moslems
• Islam forbids the use of religious images of any
  kind

17
Media, Color, Perspective

• Media- non-western cultures have produced art
  works out of stone, clay, brick, wood, and paint.
  The Chinese and Japanese usually paint on screens
  and scrolls.
• Color- over the centuries Western artists have
  used color differently. Roman and Renaissance
  artists used realistic colors, whereas the
  impressionist dabbed in colors as they go. The
  expressionist used color to symbolize feelings
  and emotions. In Asian paintings, color is
  arbitrary, and the Chinese uses monochromatic
  colors.
• Perspective- it was approached differently in the
  east and west. Renaissance artists show distance
  by overlapping planes and lines. Chinese and
  Japanese recede lines so that itll remain
  parallel. Asian artist depicts great distance by
  showing three planes foreground, middle
  distance, and far distance.

18

• Katsushika Hokusai, The Great Waves from
  Thirty-six views of Mt. Fuji, Tokugawa period.
  Woodcut, 10 x 14 ¾, Museum of Fine Arts,
  Boston.
• Hokusai isnt his real name. In his 89 years he
  changed his name about 30 times, and lived in
  about 90 homes.

19

• Shen Chou, Landscape in the Style of Ni Tsan,
  1484. Ink, 54 ½ x 24 ¾. The Nelson- Atkins
  Museum of Arts.
• He was also an accomplished scholar, poet,
  calligrapher, and essayist.

20

• (this was the closest one I could find)
• Unknown, X-ray Figure of Kangaroo, Aborigine,
  Australia, Collection of Larry Majewski.
• Some non-Western artist present the front and the
  side view of an object simultaneously.

21
Art History 3rd hour