Chapter 4: Organic Chemistry (carbon)

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Chapter 4 Organic Chemistry (carbon)

• Importance of CarbonFunctional Groups

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What is Valence?
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Hydrocarbons
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• Try to sketch
• C3H8O propanol
• C2H4 ethene
• Hydrocarbons contain only the elements H and C,
  non-polar, do not react with water, hydrophobic,
  like fatty acids

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Isomers
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Enantiomers
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Functional Groups
-OH Hydroxide alcohols polar group -COOH
Carboxyl carboxylic acids (release H) -SH
Sulfhydryl thiols, see cysteine amino acid,
cross links stabilize protein structure.
(see Ch.5)
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Functional Groups

• -NH2 Amino amines, can act as bases (NH3),
  accept H
• -PO4 Phosphate anion (-OPO3-2) used in
  energy transfers
• -CO Carbonyl (aldehyde or ketone) polar
  group
• -CH3 Hydrocarbons, non polar,
  hydrophobic regions of a molecule

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