Chapter 14- Lifestyle Diseases

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Chapter 14- Lifestyle Diseases

• Section 1- Lifestyle and Lifestyle Diseases
• Section 2- Cardiovascular Diseases
• Section 3- Cancer
• Section 4- Living with Diabetes

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Objectives

• At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
• Describe how lifestyle can lead to disease.
• Know the difference between controllable risk
  factors and uncontrollable risk factors.
• Apply two actions they can do to lower their risk
  for developing a lifestyle disease later in life.

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Lifestyle Diseases

• Lifestyle diseases are diseases that are caused
  partly by unhealthy behaviors and partly by other
  factors.
• Examples atherosclerosis, heart disease, stroke,
  Type 2 diabetes, hypertension, many forms of
  cancer
• These diseases are the top causes of death in the
  United States

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Risk Factor

• When determining if a person might develop a
  disease, a doctor looks at a persons risk
  factors.
• A risk factor is anything that increases the
  likelihood of injury, disease, or other health
  problems.
• Controllable and uncontrollable risk factors

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What Causes Lifestyle Diseases?

• Certain habits, behaviors, and practices such as
  poor eating habits, inactivity, or smoking
• Factors that we cannot control such as age,
  gender, and heredity

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Controllable Risk Factors

• These include habits, behaviors, and practices
  that we can change
• Examples
• Your diet and body weight
• Your daily levels of physical activity
• Your level of sun exposure
• Smoking and alcohol abuse

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Uncontrollable Risk Factors

• Some risk factors that contribute to your chances
  of developing a lifestyle disease are out of your
  control.
• Examples
• Age
• Gender
• Ethnicity
• Heredity

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Terms

• Acute- A disease that lasts for a short period of
  time. Examples flu, cold, strep throat.
• Chronic- A disease that persists for a long time.
  Health damaging behaviors - particularly tobacco
  use, lack of physical activity, and poor eating
  habits - are major contributors to the leading
  chronic diseases.

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• What is a lifestyle disease?
• A disease that develops partly from your
  lifestyle and partly by other factors
• What things cause lifestyle diseases?
• Smoking, tanning, unhealthy diet, overweight
• What are the four controllable risk factors?
• Sun exposure, activity level, diet,
  smoking/alcohol abuse

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• What are the four uncontrollable risk factors?
• Age, heredity, gender, ethnicity
• What does acute mean?
• Short term illness
• What does chronic mean?
• Long term illness

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Diseases Family Tree Assignment

• You will create a family tree of diseases. Please
  include as many family members as possible. You
  will be responsible for drawing a web of family
  members and listing any diseases they had under
  their name.
• Due Date Monday, November 8th
• This assignment is worth 15 points.

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Chapter 14 Section 2

• Cardiovascular Diseases

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Objectives

• At the end of this lesson, you will be able to
• Summarize how ones lifestyle can contribute to
  cardiovascular disease
• Describe four types of cardiovascular diseases
• Identify ways you can lower your risk for
  cardiovascular diseases

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Cardiovascular Diseases

• Your heart and blood vessels make up your
  cardiovascular system.
• The diseases that result from damage to your
  heart and blood vessels are called cardiovascular
  diseases.
• Aka CVDs
• Types of CVDs heart attack, stroke,
  atherosclerosis, and high blood pressure.

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Risk Factors

• Certain factors greatly increase your risk of
  developing a cardiovascular disease, these
  factors include
• Smoking
• Being overweight
• High blood pressure
• High blood cholesterol
• Diabetes

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Types of Cardiovascular Diseases

• Stroke
• High Blood Pressure
• Heart Attack
• Atherosclerosis

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Stroke

• Sudden attacks of weakness or paralysis (loss of
  muscle function) that occur when blood flow to an
  area of the brain is interrupted.
• Affects the arteries leading to and within the
  brain
• Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the
  United States, behind diseases of the heart and
  cancer

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High Blood Pressure

• The force that blood exerts against the inside
  walls of a blood vessel.
• When blood pressure is too high, it puts extra
  strain on the walls of the vessels and on the
  heart.
• Many people do not know their blood pressure is
  high until they have a heart attack or stroke.

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Blood Pressure

• Blood pressure is expressed as two numbers
• Systolic pressure- pressure found in the arteries
  while the heart muscles are contracting
• Diastolic pressure- pressure of the blood as it
  continues to flow through the arteries between
  heart beats
• Normal blood pressure falls between 80/50 and
  130/85 mm Hg
• Blood pressure over 140/90 is considered high

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Heart Attack

• A heart attack is when blood vessels that supply
  blood to the heart are blocked, preventing enough
  oxygen from getting to the heart. The heart
  muscle dies or becomes permanently damaged. Most
  heart attacks are caused by a blood clot that
  blocks one of the coronary arteries. The coronary
  arteries bring blood and oxygen to the heart. If
  the blood flow is blocked, the heart starves for
  oxygen and heart cells die.

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Atherosclerosis

• This disease is categorized by the buildup of
  fatty materials on the inside walls of the
  arteries
• It is dangerous for 2 reasons
• 1. It can reduce or stop blood flow to certain
  parts of the body
• 2. These deposits can break free and release
  clots into the bloodstream

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Detecting CVD

• Check blood pressure
• Electrocardiogram
• Ultrasound
• Angiography

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Treating CVD

• Diet and exercise
• Medicines
• Surgery
• Angioplasty
• Pacemakers
• Transplants

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Preventing CVD

• Limit consumption of fat and salt
• Keep your weight near recommended levels
• Dont smoke
• Get moving
• Have your blood pressure and cholesterol checked
  regularly
• Relax

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Turn to page 344

• You are going to write a brief description of
  each cardiovascular disease described.
• You are teaching this material to elementary
  school children.
• How would you write it so they understand the
  four different CVDs?
• Be creative!

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• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vsGEefEj3pmwfeature
  related

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  related

• http//www.youtube.com/watch?vsGEefEj3pmwfeature
  related

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Chapter 14 Section 3

• Cancer

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Cancer

• Cancer- a disease caused by uncontrolled cell
  growth
• More than one million people in the United States
  are diagnosed with cancer every year.
• Cancer is the second leading cause of death
• Cancer is more common in adults, but teens can
  get some forms of cancer.

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What is Cancer?

• Cancer occurs when cells begin to grow and
  multiply in an uncontrolled way
• Normal body cells grow and divide over a period
  of time until they eventually die
• But cancer cells continue to grow and divide and
  grow and divide
• Eventually they gather to form tumors

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Tumors

• Tumors are lumps that can interfere with the
  bodys normal processes
• Malignant tumor is a mass of cells that invades
  and destroys healthy tissue
• When a tumor spreads to the surrounding tissues,
  it eventually damages vital organs
• Benign tumor is an abnormal, but usually harmless
  cell mass

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Cancer Cells

• Cancer cells are very destructive to the body,
  they tear through and crush neighboring tissues,
  strangle blood vessels, and take nutrients that
  are needed by healthy cells.
• Cells can travel, this is called metastasis.

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What Causes Cancer?

• Genetics
• Carcinogens
• Certain viruses (HPV)
• Radioactive and ultraviolet radiation
• Chemicals found in tobacco smoke
• Asbestos

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Types of Cancer

• Breast, prostate, respiratory, colon, urinary,
  lymphoma, skin, leukemia, ovarian, nervous
  system, cervical
• There are over 100 different types of cancer

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How do people know if they have cancer?

• Extreme exhaustion
• Swelling or lumps in certain parts of the body
• Headaches
• Blurred vision
• Nausea
• Problems with walking or balance
• More infections
• Unusual bleeding

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Detecting Cancer

• Self-exams
• Biopsy
• X rays
• MRI
• Blood and DNA tests

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Treating Cancer

• Surgery- an operation can remove some tumors
• Chemotherapy- use of drugs to destroy cancer
  cells
• Radiation therapy- a beam of radiation is fired
  at the tumor from outside the body
• Often doctors recommend a combination of surgery,
  chemotherapy, and radiation

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• The success of any treatment depends on the type
  of cancer, how long the tumor has been growing,
  and whether the cancer has spread to other parts
  of the body
• How can you help a person who has cancer?