The Tree of Life

1
The Tree of Life

• Finding Order In Diversity

2
Why Classify?

• Cougar
• Puma
• Mountain Lion
• Panther
• and thats just
• in english

• What is this?

How About Felis concolor In ALL Languages
3
Key Concept

• To study the diversity of life
• biologists use a classification system
• to name organisms and group organisms
• in a logical manner
• that ALL biologists understand
• regardless of their native language.

4
TAXONOMY

• The scientific discipline
• of classifying
• and assigning organisms a universally accepted
  name.

5
Assigning Scientific Names

• Uses Latin or Greek
• Early efforts resulted in long, controversial
  names e.g.

6
Assigning Scientific Names

• Oak with deeply divided leaves that have no hairs
  on their undersides and no teeth around their
  edges.

7
Assigning Scientific Names

• Resolved in late 1700s when
• Carolus Linnaeus
• developed the current system of
• Binomial Nomenclature

8
Carolus Linnaeus

• 1707 1778

9
Binomial Nomenclature

• Every Living Organism Is Defined By Two
  Italicized Words
• Genus and species

SpeciesWhich is always in lower case
GenusWhich is capitalized
10
Binomial Nomenclature
11
Linnaeuss System of Nomenclature

• Key Concept
• Linnaeuss system of classificationuses seven
  (7) taxonomic categories.
• Taxon Each Group or Level of Organization

12
Linnaeuss System of Nomenclature

• Kings play chess on fine grained sand.
• Kingdom
• Phylum
• Class
• Order
• Family
• Genus
• species

13

• Kings
• Play
• Chess
• On
• Fine
• Grain
• Sand