Colorado Agriscience Curriculum

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Colorado Agriscience Curriculum

• Unit 4 Reproduction and Genetics
• Lesson 16 Artificial Insemination 1

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Semen Collecting and Processing

• 1. Artificial Vagina Used to collect semen in
  bulls, stallions, rams and buck goats.
• 2. Collection Semen is actually collected by
  having the male mount an estrous female or by
  training them to mount another animal.
• For example in cattle, steers are often times
  used for the bulls to mount.
• Semen from boars is not done with an artificial
  vagina.
• It is done by applying pressure to the extended
  penis with a gloved hand as the animal mounts
  another animal or object.
• 3. Electro ejaculator This is used to collect
  semen from bulls and rams that are hard to
  stimulate or dont have semen collected often. A
  probe is inserted into the rectum and an
  electrical shock causes ejaculation.

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Semen Collecting and Processing

• 4. Evaluation Once collected semen is
  evaluated for volume, sperm concentration,
  motility of the sperm, and sperm abnormalities.
• 5. Processing Once evaluated, sperm is mixed
  with extender to decrease the concentration. Only
  10 million sperm are needed per straw. Many
  straws can be made from one ejaculate. The
  extender is made from nutrient-rich milk or egg
  yolk, a buffer, antibiotics and glycerol.
• 6. Storage Some semen is used fresh however,
  it can only be used this way for a couple of
  days. Most semen is frozen in liquid nitrogen and
  stored indefinitely. Some species semen cannot
  be stored in liquid nitrogen, though.

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Signs of estrus in different species of animals

• Signs of estrus in cattle The best sign of
  estrus is standing heat. Standing heat is when
  the female stands still to be ridden by a male or
  another female. Secondary signs of estrus are
  restlessness, attempting to mount other cows, and
  a clear, mucous discharge from the vagina.
• Signs of estrus in sheep and goats Is checked
  by using sterilized males with marking devices.
• Signs of estrus in gilts and sows Swine in heat
  assume a rigid stance when hands are placed on
  their back.
• Signs of estrus in mares Elevation of the tail,
  frequent urination, and contraction of vulva.

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Proper timing of insemination in several
different species of animals.
(A.S.Repro.11.T.M.C)

• Cows 12 hours after standing heat.
• Goats 10-12 hours after the beginning of
  estrus.
• Sows and Gilts At the end of the first day and
  beginning of the second day of estrus.

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(A.S.Repro.11.T.M.D)

• In the next slides, try to guess what the
  pictures are
• After you guess what the pictures are, then guess
  what their importance is.

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When you are ready for the answer please click
This is important because it can carry most of
the equipment needed to A.I. a cow or heifer. It
is also a handy way to keep all of your equipment
organized and somewhat clean.
A.I. Box
Please wait for the animation
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• Paper towels are used to keep things clean
• After the semen comes out of the cito thaw, you
  use paper towels to wipe off the water because
  water kills semen
• You use the paper towels to put over the end of
  the A.I. Rod so that no dirt gets into the straw
  of semen

Paper Towels
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Safety Glasses

• Used to protect your eyes when
• you are around the liquid nitrogen
• you are thawing the semen because a straw may
  explode in your eyes

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Cotton Glove

• A cotton glove is used to protect your hand when
  you get the semen out of the liquid nitrogen
  refrigerator

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Cito Cutter

• Used to cut the melted end of the straw off
• It gives you a square cut so that you can seed
  the straw more secure into the sheath

When you are ready for the answer please click
Please wait for the animation
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Tweezers
It is an easier way to get the straws out of the
goblets and it also makes it quicker
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Shoulder Length Glove

• A shoulder length glove is important to keep your
  hands clean.
• Protects the cow from some infection and
  diseases.

Please wait for the animation
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Lube
Put this on your shoulder length glove to make it
easier to insert your hand into the cow or
heifers rectum
When you are ready for the answer please click
Please wait for the animation
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• Used to thaw semen
• Make sure that the water is between 94 and 98
  degrees F

Cito Thaw
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Please wait for the animation
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• shows the water temperature inside the cito thaw
• The ideal water temperature is 96 degrees F.
• You may safely thaw the semen between 94 and 98
  degrees F.

Thaw Monitor
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This equipment is used to implant the semen into
the cow or heifer.
A.I. Rod
When you are ready for the answer please click
Please wait for the animation
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Sheath

• Snap the straw of semen into the sheath at this
  end
• Leave the straw sticking out for about 1 inch
• The sheath then goes over the A.I. Rod for
  cleanliness

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These straws contain valuable semen.
When you are ready for the answer please click
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Semen Straws
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Ampules
Before they started putting semen in straws,
semen was packaged in ampules.
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These are different canes and goblets
(A.S.Repro.11.T.M.S)
This is a ampules cane

• A cane and goblet help keep the ampuless and the
  straw organized.
• They also keep the straw from falling into the
  bottom of the liquid nitrogen refrigerator

There are individual spots for the ampules to go
on an ampules cane.

• This is a goblet
• This is a cane
• This is the cane with built in goblets

Please wait for the animation
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When you are ready for the answer please click
This is the last thing that you need The Liquid
Nitrogen Refrigerator

• This refrigerator contains all of your valuable
  semen that you need to A.I. your cow or heifer
• This bottle also contains liquid nitrogen
• Never set the refrigerator directly on a cement
  floor always have cardboard or carpet under it
  because the cement wears away the shell of the
  tank.

Please wait for the animation
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Assessment Slide 1
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Assessment Slide 2
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