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Atomic Number Symbol Name Atomic Mass
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How do you find the of protons, electrons and
neutrons using the periodic table?

• Atomic Number of Protons
• Atomic Number of Electrons
• of Neutrons Atomic Mass Atomic Number

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Bohr Diagrams

• A 2-dimensional display of an atom.
• NOT perfect by any means remember atoms are 3D
  and electrons do not move in orbits
• Each circle represents an energy level.
• The energy of the electrons increases as they get
  farther from the nucleus.
• Level 1 up to 2 electrons
• Level 2 up to 8 total electrons
• Level 3 up to 18 total electrons
• Level 4 up to 32 total electrons
• Levels 2, 3 and 4 have sublevels the electrons
  would not be found in 1 zone but rather multiple
  zones.

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• You need 11 different colors

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Families on the Periodic Table

• Elements on the periodic table can be grouped
  into families bases on their chemical properties.
• Each family has a specific name to differentiate
  it from the other families in the periodic table.
• Elements in each family
• react differently with
• other elements.
• The horizontal rows are
• called periods and are
• labeled from 1 to 7.
• The vertical columns are called groups or
  families and are labeled from 1 to 18.

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Hydrogen

• Hydrogen belongs to a family of its own.
• Hydrogen is a diatomic, reactive gas.
• Diatomic always found as a 2-atom molecule
• Reactive has a tendency to react chemically
• Hydrogen was involved in the explosion of the
  Hindenberg.
• Hydrogen is promising as an alternative fuel
  source for automobiles
• color hydrogen color 1

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ALKALI METALS

• Group 1
• Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal
• Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
• All solids
• 1 electron in the outer shell
• All metals
• Always combined with something else in nature
  Very reactive, esp. with water
• (ex. Salt)
• Soft (can cut with butter knife) and silvery
  metals
• Conduct electricity
• Color the rest of this group color 2

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ALKALINE EARTH METALS

• Group 2
• Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
• All solids
• 2 electrons in the outer shell
• All metals
• Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
• Facts
• White and malleable
• Malleable able to be hammered or pressed out of
  shape without breaking.
• Conduct electricity
• Always combine with nonmetals in nature
• Important nutrients for humans (Mg, Ca)
• Color the Alkaline Earth Metals color 3

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TRANSITION METALS

• Groups 3-12
• Mostly Solids, 1 liquid (Hg)
• 1 or 2 valence electrons
• All metals, tend to be harder
• Less reactive.
• These are what you think of as metals.
• Good conductors of heat and electricity.
• Some are used for jewelry.
• Some are used in construction.
• Can bond with many elements in a variety of
  shapes.
• Color Transition Metals color 4

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Transition Metals
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BORON FAMILY

• Group 13
• B, Al, Ga, In, Tl
• All solids
• 3 electrons in the outer shell
• Most are metals
• Boron is a metalloid
• Metalloid has properties of both metals and
  nonmetals
• Moderately reactive
• Includes Aluminum, the most abundant metal on
  Earth.
• Color Boron Family color 5

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CARBON FAMILY

• Group 14
• C, Si, Ge, Sn (Tin), Pb (Lead)
• All solids
• 4 electrons in the outer shell
• Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal
  Carbon (C)
• Non-reactive.
• Facts
• Contains elements important to life and
  computers.
• Carbon is the basis for an entire branch of
  chemistry.
• Silicon and Germanium are important
  semiconductors.
• Color Carbon Family with color 6

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NITROGEN FAMILY

• Group 15
• N, P, As, Sb, Bi
• Solids except for N (gas)
• 5 electrons in the outer shell
• Contains 1 metal, 2 metalloids, and 2 non-metals
• Generally non-reactive
• Facts
• Can share electrons to form compounds, called
  covalent bonds.
• Nitrogen makes up over ¾ of the atmosphere.
• The red stuff on the tip of matches is
  phosphorus.
• Color the nitrogen family with color 7

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Nitrogen Family

• Elements in group 15

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OXYGEN FAMILY or Chalcogens

• Group 16
• O, S, Se, Te, Po
• Gas (O) and Solids
• 6 electrons in the outer shell
• Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals
• Reactive
• Facts
• Oxygen is necessary for respiration.
• Many things that stink, contain sulfur (rotten
  eggs, garlic, skunks,etc.)
• Color the Oxygen family with color 8

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Oxygen Family or Chalcogens

• Many things that stink, contain sulfur (rotten
  eggs, garlic, skunks,etc.)

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Halogens

• Group 17
• F, Cl, Br, I, At
• Solids (I, At), Liquids (Br), Gases (O, Cl)
• 7 electrons in the outer shell
• All are non-metals
• Very reactive, volatile, diatomic, nonmetals
• Facts
• Always found combined with other element in
  nature. Often bonded with elements from group 1.
• Used as disinfectants and to strengthen teeth.
• Color the Halogen group with color 9

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Noble Gases

• Group 18
• He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
• All gases
• Non-metals
• 8 electrons in the outer shell Full EXCEPT
  Helium (has 2 electrons in outer shell but is
  considered full)
• NOT reactive with other elements
• Color the noble gases with color 10

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Metal/ Nonmetal/Metalloid

• Choose 3 markers of different colors.
• Outline the following elements in color 1
• The elements to the LEFT of the line are
  metalloids. Outline the metalloids in 1 dark
  color other than black. Include Ge and Sb in the
  outline.
• The elements to the Right of the zigzag are
  nonmetals. Outline those in another dark color.
• The metals to the left of the metaloids are all
  metals. Outline those in a 3rd dark color.
• Make a key on the bottom of your table for
  metals, nonmetals and metalloids.

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Metal/ Nonmetal/Metalloid

• Choose 3 markers of different colors.
• Outline the following elements in color 1
• The elements to the LEFT of the line are
  metalloids. Outline the metalloids in 1 dark
  color other than black. Include Ge and Sb in the
  outline.
• The elements to the Right of the zigzag are
  nonmetals. Outline those in another dark color.
• The metals to the left of the metaloids are all
  metals. Outline those in a 3rd dark color.
• Make a key on the bottom of your table for
  metals, nonmetals and metalloids.

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Metals, Metalloids, Non-Metals

• METALS
• Luster (Shiny)
• Good conductor of heat
• Good conductor of electricity
• Malleable (can be bent and shaped)
• Ductile (can be drawn into wire)
• Corrosive (tendency to deteriorates under certain
  chemical conditions. ie rusting iron, pennies
  turning green).
• Usually dense
• Usually solid
• Have high melting points
• Generally Reactive
• Left side of periodic table.

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Metals, Metalloids, Non-Metals

• METALLOIDS
• Dull or Shiny
• Good semiconductors (that means conducts heat or
  electricity under certain conditions)
• Sometimes malleable
• Sometimes ductile
• Generally solid at room temperature (but found as
  all three states of matter.)
• Makes the zigzag on the periodic table.

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Metals, Metalloids, Non-Metals

• NON-METALS
• Dull appearance
• Brittle (breaks or shatter easily)
• Poor conductors of heat.
• Poor conductors of electricity.
• Less dense
• Low melting points
• All three states of matter
• Gain or share electrons when they react with
  other element.
• Right side of periodic table.

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Periodic Table Scavenger HuntYou need a piece of
paper for this

1. I have 26 protons and am a transition metal.
2. Im the only Metalloid in the oxygen family.
3. I am the only metal that is a liquid.
4. I am in period 4 and have 8 valence electrons.
5. I am in group 2 and have 56 protons.
6. I am a nonmetal with 4 valence electrons.
7. Im a metalloid with 14 neutrons in group 14.
8. I am the nonmetal next to the metalloid in group
   16.
9. I am the Noble Gas with the least protons.
10. I am the only nonmetal in period 6.

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Periodic Table Scavenger Hunt

1. I have 26 protons and am a transition metal.
   -Iron (Fe)
2. Im the only Metalloid in the oxygen family. -Te
   (Tellurium)
3. I am the only metal that is a liquid. - Hg
   (Mercury)
4. I am in period 4 and have 8 valence electrons. -
   Kr Krypton
5. I am in group 2 and have 56 protons. - Ba Barium
6. I am a nonmetal with 4 valence electrons. C
   (carbon)
7. Im a metalloid with 14 neutrons in group 14.
   Si (Silicon)
8. I am the nonmetal next to the metalloid in group
   16. I (Iodine)
9. I am the Noble Gas with the least protons. He
   (Helium)
10. I am the only nonmetal in period 6. Rn (Radon)