Fig. 9.3

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Fig. 9.3
Investigating Matter

• Chapter 11

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(No Transcript)
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Physical Properties of the Elements

• Metals
• good conductors of heat and electricity
• shiny, ductile, malleable
• all solids with one exception
• Nonmetals
• poor conductors
• dull appearance, brittle
• consist of solids, liquids, and gases

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Chemical Definitions
Metal an element whose atoms tend to
lose electrons in a chemical reaction Na ?
Na e- Ca ? Ca2 2e- Nonmetal
an element whose atoms tend to gain electrons
in a chemical reaction Cl e- ? Cl- S
2e- ? S2-
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Fig 11.24 Size of Atoms
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Fig 11.25
Chalcogens
Transition metals
Inner transition metals
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• Molecule - two or more atoms in a definite
  arrangement held together by chemical bonds
• Form from nonmetals

Molecules do not contain metals!!
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• Ionic compounds consist of a combination of
  positive and negative ions
• Form from metals and nonmetals

The ionic compound NaCl
No molecules in an ionic compound!!
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Reaction of Sodium Metal with Chlorine Gas
Chlorine (Cl2)
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Reaction of Sodium Metal with Chlorine Gas
2Na Cl2 ? 2 NaCl
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Fig. 9.7
Sodium Chloride Crystals