PEDIATRIC NURSING Caring For Children and Their Families

1
PEDIATRIC NURSINGCaring For Children and Their
Families

• MODULE 1

2
What is Pediatric Nursing?

• Caring for children and families
• Promoting health and wellness through several
  roles
• Care provider - Manager of care
• Educator - Collaborator
• Research
• Advocate

3
Nursing Process

• Foundation for all nursing
• Assessment
• Nursing diagnosis
• Planning
• Implementation/interventions
• Evaluation
• See page 31, Box 2-3

4
Special Competencies

• Medication dosage calculation
• Pediatric-specific skills
• Neonatal, infant and child resuscitation
• Play therapy
• Family-centered care
• Developmentally appropriate care and communication

5
Peds Nursing Issues

• Safety of culture and environment
• Access to healthcare
• Divorce, abuse, drug use- exposure in home
• Lack of prenatal care and appropriate screenings
• Violence and bullying in school

6

• Injury and accidents
• Nutrition and obesity rates eating disorders
• Peer pressure, drug and alcohol use
• Sexual activity and rates of STD and teen
  pregnancy
• Mental health
• Child abuse and neglect

7
Care Settings

• Acute care- hospital setting
• Critical care hospital unit
• Specialty clinics for children with special needs
• Public health department
• School
• Home health and hospice care
• Primary care facilities

8
Definition of Family

• Family is who they say they are
• Biological
• Legal
• Emotional
• Two or more persons
• Nuclear, alternative, adoptive, foster, and group

9
Growth and Development

• Growth vs Development
• Piaget-cognitive
• Freud-psychosexual
• Erikson-psychosocial
• Table 4-1 pages 56-57
• Kohlberg- moral (wont focus on)

10
Communication

• Techniques
• Verbal
• Nonverbal
• Active listening
• Play
• Purpose??

11
Stages of G D

• Infant
• Toddlers
• Preschoolers
• School age
• Adolescent

12
Emotional Factors

• Separation anxiety
• Stranger anxiety
• Tantrums
• Depression
• Self image
• Insecurity

13
Safety/Accident Prevention

• Environmental
• Equipment
• Medication
• Anticipatory guidance
• Risk factors

14
Pain Management

• Nonpharmacologic
• Pharmacologic
• Non-opioid
• Opioid

15
(No Transcript)
16
Anatomic Differences

• Respiratory
• Small, short, narrow airways
• Obligatory nose breathers
• Immature respiratory system

17

• Skin
• Larger body surface area
• Increase fluid loss
• Problems with temp regulation

18

• Cardiac
• Increased heart rate
• Congenital anomalies
• Decreased blood pressure
• Increased oxygen demand
• Increased metabolic demand

19

• Renal
• Immature, not effective for filtration
• Cant concentrate urine
• Small changesbig consequences
• Differing lab values by age group
• Small bladder capacity
• Prevent UTI
• 1-2mL/kg/hr

20

• GI
• Feces changes based on diet and age
• Dietary inclusions
• Allergies
• Congenital disorders

21

• Neuro
• Primitive reflexes
• Replaced slowly with gross and fine motor
  movement
• Cephalocaudal proximodistal
• Dependent on nutrition and function of other body
  systems

22

• Immune
• Need acquired immunity in infancy
• 3-4 months of age
• Immunizations
• Immature immune system, not adequate until early
  childhood

23

• Musculoskeletal
• Spurts and lulls
• Mastery of motor skills is influenced by
  environment and stimulation
• Highly individualized
• 2-4-6-8-10/12 concept

24
GD Templates

• http//www.atitesting.com