S.N.B.P School

1
S.N.B.P School Jr. College
2
A Project By Sapna Triphati Class VIII
3
3rd Common Wealth Youth Games 2008 - Pune
4
Wales
5
History of Wales

• Wales country is part of the United Kingdom,
  bordering England to its
• east, and the Atlantic Ocean and Irish Sea to
  its west.
• It is also an elective region of the European
  Union.
• Originally (and traditionally) a Celtic land and
  one of the Celtic Nations.
• A distinct Welsh National Identity emerged in
  the early fifth century,
• after the Roman Withdrawal from British.
• The 13th-century defeat of Llewelyn by Edward I
  completed the
• Anglo-Norman conquest of Wales and brought
  about centuries of
• English occupation.
• Wales was subsequently incorporated into England
  with the Laws in
• Wales Acts 1535 - 1542, creating the legal
  entity known today as
• England and Wales.
• Distinctive Welsh Politics developed in the 19th
  century, and the
• Welsh Church Act 1914 applied solely to
  Wales.
• In 1955 Cardiff was proclaimed as national
  Capital.
• In 1999 the National Assembly for Wales was
  created, which holds
• responsibility for a range of developed
  matters.

6
Location of Wales in United Kingdom
7
Political Map of Country
8
General Information
Capital Cardiff
National Languages Welsh English
Total Area 20,779 km2 8,022 sq m
Population 2008 estimate 3,004,6001 
Currency Pound Sterling (GBP)
National Emblem Leek Daffodil
Religion Christianity
National Instrument Harp
9
Climate

• Highest maximum temperature 35.2 oC (95.4 oF)
  at Hawarden
• Bridge, Flintshire on 2 August 1990.
• Lowest minimum temperature -23.3 C (-10 F) at
  Rhayander,
• Radnorshire on 21 January 1940.
• Maximum number of hours of sunshine in a month
  354.3 hours at
• Dale Fort, Pembrokeshire in July 1955.
• Minimum number of hours of sunshine in a month
  2.7 hours at
• Llwynon, Brecknockshire in January 1962.
• Maximum rainfall in a day (0900 UTC - 0900 UTC)
  211 mm
• (8.30 inches) at Rhondda, Glamorgan, on 11
  November 1929.

10
St. David's Day celebrates the life of the Patron Saint of Wales on March 1 - the Welsh patriotic festival recognised the world over has been the national day of Wales since the 12th Century. Saint David's "Feast Day" dates further back to the 8th C. Wales' Patron Saint was a Celtic monk, abbot and archbishop, and was the founder of Christian worship in Wales and western parts of Great Britain. Included among the ten monasteries St. David established was Glastonbury and the site of worship he founded at his native Menevia, west Wales, was later consecrated as the U.K.'s first Cathedral in 1131.
                                                           


St. David Statue, St. David's Cathedral,
Pembrokeshire, Wales
11
Wales Culture Traditions

• There are many great traditions of Wales, but
  three stand out that make it culturally distinct
  from its neighboring countries are
• The Eisteddfod (A Cultural Competition)
• The Cymanfa Ganu (Hymn Singing)
• The Noson Lawen (Merry Night)

12
Of these, the Eisteddfod is probably the most
ancient and certainly the most popular. Most
towns and villages conduct an annual Eisteddfod
in one way or another. It is simply a
competition, but the word translates as a
"Chairing," with the winner being awarded a chair
upon which he is ceremoniously crowned to great
acclaim. Winners of local eisteddfodau (pl) go on
to compete on a county or regional level,
eventually reaching the Royal National
Eisteddfod of Wales in which they compete with
others from all parts of the country.
13
The next Welsh cultural tradition of importance
is that of the Cymanfa Ganu. Cymanfa Ganu with
its emphasis on hymn singing in parts grew out of
the Temperance Movement in the mid-nineteenth
century. On Christmas Day, 1837, a temperance
procession marched through the streets of
Dowlais, joined by choirs from neighboring towns.
Inspired by the success of the day's events, the
Gwent and Glamorgan Temperance Movement decided
to hold an annual festival of choirs for four
days.
14
The third great Welsh tradition, the Noson Lawen.
The event was held to celebrate the successful
bringing in of the hay harvest, always a big
event because of the uncertainty of the Welsh
weather. Noson Lawen gave everyone a chance to
show his or her talents in modern days, an MC
takes charge of the evening and introduces the
performers, sometimes professional entertainers.
Noson Lawen yn Harlech 3 Mawrth 2007
15
Seven wonders of Wales
Pistyll Rhaeadr (Spring of the Waterfall) The
impressive cascade, at 240 ft (74 metres) is the
highest in Wales. It is also the most difficult
of the seven wonders to reach.
Wrexham steeple It is a short distance by modern
super highway from the English city of Chester to
the Welsh market and industrial center of
Wrexham, by far the largest town in North Wales.
The richly-decorated tower, 135-feet high, with
its four striking hexagonal turrets, was begun in
1506. It is graced by many medieval carvings
including those of an arrow and a deer, the
attributes of St. Giles. The interior of the
church also contains many late medieval carvings
and monuments.
16
Snowdon's mountain (Without its people)Snowdon
gets its English name from the Saxon Snow Dun,
the snow hill or fortress it is but one mountain
inside the largest of the three national parks of
Wales (845 sq. miles). Within the park there are
several mountain ranges, with 15 peaks over 3,000
feet.
Overton Yew-trees At Overton, St. Mary's Church
dates only to the 13th century. One of the oldest
features of the church is a Norman circle cross
built into the western pillar of the Nave. Some
of the 21 famous yew trees in the churchyard date
back at least to the 12th century, when the first
stone church was erected.
17
St. Winifred wells It is but a short journey by
road from Chester to Holywell, in Flintshire and
the next wonder of Wales. The massive Dungeon is
completely separate from the rest of the castle
with its own water supply, it could serve as an
independent, easily defended stronghold.
Llangollen Bridge Llangollen Bridge is truly a
wonder, because for one week in July, it is
crowded with dancers, singers, musicians and
merrymakers from different nations, resplendent
in their national costumes.
18
Gresford bells Not only are the peal of bells of
note, listed it is said for the purity of their
tone, but the Church itself is remarkable for its
size, its beauty, its interior monuments, and its
yew-filled churchyard. The earliest record of the
peal of Gresford bells dates back only to 1714.
An apparatus was installed in the belfry in 1877
so that all eight bells could be chimed by one
person. The tenor bell is 1.2 tonnes.
19
Facts about wales
1. Welshmen may have settled America before
Columbus.2. Canada was explored and mapped by a
Welshman.3. America may have taken its name from
a Welshman.4. Pennsylvania is not named after
William Penn.5. St. Patrick was not an
Irishman.6. Wales is not represented on the
British Flag.7. A pungent vegetable is the
national emblem of Wales.8. The Welsh language
is not Gaelic.9. The modern Olympics did not
begin in Athens.10. A Welshman invented Lawn
Tennis in Wales.11. Welsh Immigrants began The
Mormon Tabernacle Choir.12. The Prince of Wales
is not Welsh.13. Golf's Stableford System was
invented in Wales.14. A Welshman was responsible
for the mid-19th century US industrial might.15.
The Holy Grail is found in Wales.
20
16. A Welshman founded The New York Times.17. A
Welsh-American invented the automobile.18. The
world's biggest second-hand bookshop is in
Wales.19. Thanks to a Welshman hanged for
murder, Britain has no Death Penalty.20.
The names of three geological divisions are
derived from Wales.21. Tre'r Ceiri is the
largest Iron-Age Fort in northwestern Europe.22.
A Welshman translated the first English account
of the New World.23. The world's longest
railroad station name is in Wales.24. Welshmen
invented two important mathematical
symbols.25.Three leading universities owe their
founding to Welshmen.26. Wales is the most
important sheep raising area in Europe.27. The
world's first mail-order shopping began in
Newtown, Wales.28. The last Britain to die in WW
I was a Welshman.29. Welsh gypsies were the last
speak Romani in Europe.30. A Welshman composed
the music for the 1998 Academy Awards.
21
31. A Welshman discovered the link between Asian
and European Languages.32. One of the
world's greatest botanic gardens is taking shape
in Wales.33. The earths highest mountain
is named after a Welshman.34. The world's first
wireless transmission took place in Wales.35. A
Welsh amputee conquered Everest.36. Welshman
Overdosed on Valium.37. Public Enemy Number One
was a Welshman.38. Welsh Prison was Training
Ground for IRA.39. America's Oldest Ethnic
Society is Welsh.40. Cardiff is Home to Worlds
Largest Retractable-Roof Arena.41. The "Ugly
House" was built and inhabited in one day.42. A
Welsh coracle crossed the English Channel in
1974.43. The Mumbles Swansea Railroad was the
first to accept paying passengers.
44. A Welshman was the first to transmit and
receive radio waves.
22
Welsh Cuisine
About 80 of the land surface of Wales is given
over to agricultural use. Some traditional dishes
include laverbread (made from seaweed), bara
brith (fruit bread), Cawl a lamb stew and cawl
cennin (leek soup), Welsh cakes, Welsh rarebit,
and Welsh lamb. Cockles are sometimes served with
breakfast bacon
Welsh rarebit
23
National Anthem of the country
The land of my fathers is dear to me, A land of
poets and minstrels, famed men. Her brave
warriors, patriots much blessed,It was for
freedom that they lost their blood.Homeland! I
am devoted to my country So long as the sea is
a wall to this fair beautiful land, May the
ancient language remain.
By Evan James January 1856
24
Welsh national costume

• The typical female costume, as designed and made
  popular by Lady Llanover, was made up of the
  following
• Tall hat, made out of hard board with thin
  beaver fabric glued on to it
• White cap, worn under the hat, made of cotton or
  muslin with long frilled
• lappets extending down the shoulders
• Bedgown
• White blouse
• Petticoat
• Small red flannel shawl
• Cloak
• Skirt,full and made of wool with a black and
  white check pattern.
• White starched apron
• Black woollen stockings and black shoes
• A basket, made from willow withies would often
  be carried.

25
It is the national sport and national obsession
of Wales is Rugby Union and Football.
There are two major variants Touch rugby, in
which 'tackles' are made simply by touching an
opponent. Rugby sevens, in which there are only
7 players per side, and each half is normally 7
minutes
26
Stamps of the country
27
Thank You